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Ebrahimi dorcheh, E. ,
Ebrahimi dorcheh, E. ,
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Mansouri, A. ,
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Mansouri, A. ,
Pashootanizadeh, M. ,
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Shabani, A. ,
Shabani, A. Iranian Journal of Information Processing and Management (22518223) 39(1)pp. 63-100
Considering the function of humanities and its comparison with other sciences, this research seeks to examine the scientific outputs and the weight of each evaluation criteria and indicators, and the relationship between each output and criteria in the evaluation of these sciences especially in language and literature. In terms of purpose, the research is applied, and in terms of the research implementation process it is of a sequential and exploratory type. The steps of the work are as follows: 1. Identification and weighting of scientific outputs through the three steps of the library method, conducting interviews, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP); 2. Identifying the evaluation criteria of scientific outputs with the library method; and 3. determining priorities for evaluating scientific outputs through concurrent function deployment (CFD). Based on the findings, scientific outputs were divided into two categories: 1. Formats: scientific journal article, conference article, book, research project, and dissertation/thesis; 2. Activity: in policy-making, social (scientific-promotional), social (media), and economic contexts. Evaluation criteria are also divided into 8 categories: platform for creation, presentation and publication; writing structure; content; impact in online environment; scientific impact; social impact; economic impact; and cultural impact, each of which includes indicators. Finally, outputs and criteria have been prioritized according to three approaches and goals: production of science and promotion of knowledge foundations, applicability and responsiveness to society’s problems, literary creation/creative literature. Considering the importance and necessity of different evaluation of each field and discipline according to the nature of each one as an effective factor on the application and effectiveness of their scientific outputs, research policy makers can use a new approach in decision-making and establishing policies for evaluating the scientific outputs of the language and literature fields and humanities according to the results.
Iranian Journal of Information Processing and Management (22518223) (1)pp. 269-284
Due to UNIMARC is the basis for the IranMARC format, in this paper all 17 problems identified by Kokabi in 1994 about adoption of UNIMARC in Iran, were compared with IranMARC Manual to find the suggested solutions for them. Because of the international role of MARC21 and UNIMARC, these 17 problems were checked out to reveal if these problems are solved in last update of UNIMARC and if there is any solution for them in MARC21. Eventually with these findings, researchers determined that MARC21 has more adaption with special feature of Persian cataloging and bibliographic features.
Scientometrics Research Journal (24235563) 11(1)pp. 25-48
Purpose: The humanities possess a unique nature compared to other science disciplines, necessitating a distinct approach to evaluating their research outputs. By analyzing the status and evolution of the evaluation components within the humanities, the primary and secondary topics, as well as their historical transformations, can be clearly identified. This analysis reveals the strengths and weaknesses of current evaluation practices, offering a foundation for more focused research and informed policy-making in the future. Therefore, this study aims to identify and comprehensively analyze the concepts related to the evaluating humanities research research outputs, thereby supporting researchers and policymakers in the field of humanities evaluation. Methodology: This research is practical in purpose and employs biblio-metric techniques. To conduct the study, articles indexed in Web of Science and Scopus related to the evaluation of humanities research (1994– 2022) were retrieved using specific objectives and search strategies. The search strategy included the following terms: ("research output" OR "scientific output") AND (humanities OR "human sciences AND (evaluation OR assessment). A total of 224 sources were selected to analysis. Following data storage and cleaning, the analysis was performed using the Bibliometrix software.Tthe two-word keywords were selected to investigation, as they contained more relevant and precise concepts compared to other keyword types. A threshold of at least six repetitions per keyword was applied, resulting in 224 keywords for analysis. Various analytical methods, including descriptive statistics, co-word analysis, network analysis, time series analysis, thematic mapping, and clustering, were employed for data analysis based on each research question. Findings: Based on the findings, the publication of papers evaluating humanities research outputs has shown an upward trend, progressing in tandem with other fields. The number of articles increased from 1 in 1994 to 45 in 2020, underscoring the significant growth of evaluation practices in the humanities in recent years. The concepts and thematic areas indicate that the evaluation methods employed in the early years were predominantly quantitative, often borrowing techniques from other sciences disciplines. However, recent trends reveal the emergence of core and widely used keywords such as effect evaluation, citation effect, Performance index, bibliography, scientific communication, research impact, and social impact. These keywords reflect a shift from a purely quantitative approach to a more integrated framework that combines both quantitative and qualitative methods. An analysis of the time series of concepts reveals that the citation index has grown significantly in the humanities sciences since 2005. While bibliometric indicators have been in use since 2002, the assessment of research impact has gained prominence more recently, particularly since 2013. Notably, metrics related to social impact and research quality shown substantial significant improvements, reflecting a shift from a focus on quantity to an emphasis on quality. Central to the field are the concepts of citation index, research performance, and research impact. The concepts of citation index, impact assessment, and journal article are among the most frequently used keywords in the field. Based on the reviewed articles, the knowledge structure of humanities evaluation comprises five clusters: 1. impact assessment, 2. citation index, 3. journal articles, 4. research performance, and 5. research articles. Among these, the impact assessment cluster contains the most concepts, the research performance cluster exhibits the highest centrality, and the research article cluster demonstrates the greatest density. The thematic map the field highlights key concepts such as research performance, bibliometric indicators, journal articles, and publication patterns. Fundamental concepts include research articles and evaluation systems, while research quality emerges as a growing area of interest. Notably, the citation index and bibliometric analysis are well-developed yet distinct concepts within the field. Conclusion: Given the significance of the human sciences, continuous evaluation is essential to enhance their standing and achieve their objectives. However, it is crucial to recognize the distinctions between the humanities and other sciences, particularly in terms of their nature and the methods used for evaluation. Therefore, when evaluating the human sciences, it is vital to employ appropriate concepts, and identifying these concepts through an analysis of existing research is key to effective research and policy-making in this field. The evaluation of humanities research outputs is dynamic and constantly evolving. As a result, stake-holders must consistently update their knowledge and practices to remain aligned with these changes. © 2025, Shahed University. All rights reserved.
Journal of Modelling in Management (17465672) 20(3)pp. 974-1002
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the pricing dynamics within a triple-channel supply chain. The publisher can sell printed books (p-books) through bookstores or online direct sales, and electronic books (e-books) are sold directly through the internet. The primary objectives include determining optimal wholesale and final prices for p-books, assessing the profitability of introducing e-books, comparing profits across channels and supply chain modes and identifying optimal demand volumes. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses first-order derivatives and the Stackelberg game to analyze the pricing strategies. Two supply chain modes, centralized and decentralized, are considered, and various parameters are examined to understand their impact on prices, demand volumes and final sales profit. Findings: The results indicate that the e-book is either not published or is introduced simultaneously with the printed version in both modes. In the decentralized mode, the wholesale price of a p-book is equivalent to the final price in the bookstore channel in the centralized mode. One channel among the three selling channels is used to maximize the total profit in the centralized supply chain, whereas all demand should be fulfilled through either online direct sales or e-book channels in the decentralized mode. Originality/value: This paper introduces a comprehensive triple-channel book supply chain model, considering cross-price sensitivities and lag times for e-books. The study provides insights into the dynamics of the book industry and compares them with existing literature, contributing to a broader understanding of the pricing strategies in a triple-channel context. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication (25149350) 74(1-2)pp. 220-234
Purpose: This study aims to determine the most similar set of recommendation books to the user selections in LibraryThing. Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose, 30,000 tags related to History on the LibraryThing have been selected. Their tags and the tags of the related recommended books were extracted from three different recommendations sections on LibraryThing. Then, four similarity criteria of Jaccard coefficient, Cosine similarity, Dice coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to calculate the similarity between the tags. To determine the most similar recommended section, the best similarity criterion had to be determined first. So, a researcher-made questionnaire was provided to History experts. Findings: The results showed that the Jaccard coefficient, with a frequency of 32.81, is the best similarity criterion from the point of view of History experts. Besides, the degree of similarity in LibraryThing recommendations section according to this criterion is equal to 0.256, in the section of books with similar library subjects and classifications is 0.163 and in the Member recommendations section is 0.152. Based on the findings of this study, the LibraryThing recommendations section has succeeded in introducing the most similar books to the selected book compared to the other two sections. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, itis for the first time, three sections of LibraryThing recommendations are compared by four different similarity criteria to show which sections would be more beneficial for the user browsing. The results showed that machine recommendations work better than humans. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Journal of Scientometric Research (23200057) 13(1)pp. 148-160
With regard to the specific nature and variety of the humanities fields and disciplines and the need to evaluate the humanities research outputs according to their nature and intrinsic characteristics, two questions has been posed and answered in this study as follows: “What are the criteria and indicators for evaluating the research outputs of humanities?” and “What is the prioritizing of the evaluation criteria according to the research approaches and goals in humanities?” Considering the differences in the fields of humanities, a case study of language and literature was conducted. This research was done with a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative stages). The first stage was carried out using a library research method to extract the criteria and indicators for the evaluation of the research outputs in the fields of language and literature. In the second stage, in order to finalize and prioritize the criteria, a questionnaire was designed and distributed among a number of experts in the fields of language and literature in two rounds of fuzzy Delphi. In the first stage, 42 indicators were identified and divided into 8 categories of criteria: 1) platform for creation, presentation and publication, 2) writing structure, 3) content, 4) impact in online environment, 5) scientific impact, 6) social impact, 7) economic impact, and 8) cultural impact. The prioritizing of the criteria was also based on their average obtained in the second round of fuzzy Delphi, which shows the impact of research approaches and goals on the priority of using the criteria. © 2024 Phcog.Net. All rights reserved.
Scientometrics Research Journal (24235563) 9(2)pp. 75-96
Purpose: In addition to the distinction between the field of humanities and other sciences in terms of their nature and research goals, different disciplines within the humanities also possess distinct characteristics. This study aims to identify the disadvantages of evaluating humanities research outputs, with a specific focus on the fields of language and literature. It also aims to provide solutions to improve the evaluation of researchers in these areas. Methodology: The present study is an applied type research with a qualitative content analysis method. The study's statistical population included faculty members from language and literature fields with various Persian and non-Persian orientations (English, Arabic, French, German, and Chinese) in Iran. The research sample consisted of 24 individuals, including 19 men and 5 women who were at least Assistant professors from 8 universities: Isfahan, Tarbiat Modarres, Tehran, Al-Zahra, Shahid Chamran Ahvaz, Shiraz, Allameh Tabatabaei, and Ferdowsi of Mashhad. The participants were selected using targeted sampling and the snowball method. The semi-structured interview was used as a research tool, and MAXQDA 2020 qualitative data analysis software was utilized for coding. Theoretical coding involves three stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. To ensure credibility, the opinions of two coders were sought. Also, the results of the coding were sent to three interviewees who played a significant role in expressing injuries and proposing solutions. They were asked to comment on the compatibility of the extracted codes with their own experiences. The terms and details of the work are explained in detail within the plan for the transferability criterion. In order to measure dependability, all the stages and processes of the research were recorded and reported accurately from the beginning to the end, mentioning the details of the data analysis, and excerpts from the text of the interviews were presented. For confirmability, the findings were provided to 5 interviewees and peers to express their opinions about the results. Findings: Evaluation harms were identified through 62 codes. The concept of science production and the promotion of knowledge foundations were investigated in two general areas (humanities) and a specific area (language and literature) with different components. The general area includes the establishment of policies for evaluating research output, the inclusion of research output ratings in promotion regulations, and considerations of research ethics. The specific area includes the evaluation of research outputs in the promotion regulations, publications, international article publications, theoretical contributions, research style of faculty members, and literary and creative works. The concept of practicality and addressing societal issues also encompasses two aspects: disconnecting the relationship between language and literature fields and society, and teaching language and literature fields. The solutions were presented in the form of 34 codes. The concept of science production and the promotion of knowledge foundations were investigated in two general areas (humanities) and a specific area (language and literature) with different components. The general area includes the development of policies for evaluating research output, the inclusion of research output ratings in promotion regulations, and the improvement of research facilities and resources. The specific area includes the evaluation of research outputs in the promotion regulations, the research approach of faculty members, and research facilities. The concept of practicality and addressing societal issues also encompasses two aspects of applied research: the connection between the disciplines of language and literature and society. Conclusion: If the evaluation is conducted accurately and comprehensively, and it clearly indicates the gap between the current situation and the desired outcome, it will minimize trial and error in this field and reduce costs associated with ineffective and unnecessary tasks. It accelerates the steps towards success and progress. The essence of evaluation is optimizing performance. The competition to obtain the best scientific position among researchers, educational groups, and research institutes has gained great importance and momentum. The health of such a competition and its correct orientation will be possible through planning for accurate evaluation, and a review of the evaluation policy of academic faculty members of universities and higher education is one of the fundamental needs in this direction. The results of the present study can be utilized as an effective measure to enhance the current situation. © 2023, Shahed University. All rights reserved.
Malaysian Journal Of Library And Information Science (13946234) 27(3)pp. 145-160
The book publishing industry and its market in Iran are not very prosperous for various reasons, and activists in this situation need to apply some cause-related marketing (CRM) strategies to attract customers. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine the perspectives of university students on CRM in the book publishing industry. The survey research design was used to achieve the objective of the study. Literature and humanities university students from University of Tehran, Iran, were identified as the target group to gauge their perspectives on CRM by book publishers. This is due to the importance of books in humanities and studying literature. A total of 261 (81.5% response rate) students completed the survey questionnaire. The findings demonstrate that CRM by book publishers and bookstores influences on students purchasing decisions. In this regard, it was vital for students as customers to know where the book publishers or booksellers spent their money on. Findings on various charity’s affairs practices on spending book purchase money showed that the top priority are related to books, education, and children. Since students tend to purchase textbooks, it is suggested that textbook publishers take the lead in CRM through mass media, online advertising, social web and messaging platforms to help introduce and institutionalize this marketing strategy. As this is the first study in Iran that reports students’ perspectives in applying CRM strategies to attract customers in buying books, it has paved the way for further research. It would be useful to make more informed decisions about CRM strategies in the Iranian publishing and book industry and creating a positive effect on book purchase intention © 2022, Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science.All Rights Reserved.
Public Library Quarterly (01616846) 39(3)pp. 212-228
Purpose: The present study aims to determine and compare the views of directors and users of public libraries on the use of social media for the marketing of library services. Methodology: Data collection was done through two researcher-made questionnaires, one from the viewpoints of directors and one investigating the views of users. The questionnaires’ validity was done by four libraries and Information Science professionals, and the reliability was determined by the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The statistical population of this research is made up of all directors and users of 12 public libraries of the city of Isfahan, one of the largest cities in Iran. Findings: In users’ viewpoints, the “interaction capability” is the most important feature that social media marketing can have in libraries. From the viewpoints of the directors, “creating a true picture of the role of the library” and “informing users about library services” are among the most important reasons for the marketing of libraries in the social media. From the perspective of both groups, the Telegram is the most appropriate medium for the marketing of library services. Results: To maintain their customers and their market position, libraries need to use more exciting tools such as social media for marketing. Library directors of this study emphasized on this fact and 79.1% of users expressed interest in receiving library information through social media. Value: The findings of this study would help the library directors to better decide on the marketing of their library services in social media. Type of the study: Scientific-Research. ©, Published with license by Taylor & Francis. © Mitra Pashootanizadeh and Zahra Rafie. ©, © Mitra Pashootanizadeh and Zahra Rafie.
Collection and Curation (25149326) 38(1)pp. 1-8
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess the satisfaction of teenagers who are suffering from or are exposed to social damages of children and young adults’ publications in Iran. Design/methodology/approach: A descriptive surveys approach with practical purposes is applied here. The tools used in this study include two researcher-made questionnaires. Two sets of participants constitute the statistical populations: 120 and 50 teenagers who were affected by or are at the risk of social damages. Data collection from the first set was through census, while the same from the second set is through the disproportionate stratified random sampling method. Another statistical population is the group of premier children publishers during 2006-2016. Findings: The teenagers’ satisfaction mainly is involved with: perceived quality, expectations and perceived value. “Music” and “Recreational and performing arts”, internet-based resources, “Electronic materials” and “Real stories” are ranked as having the highest mean value in information needs, formats and literacy genre among teenagers, respectively. The findings here indicate that the teenagers participated are satisfied with children publications to a great extent. Originality/value: This is the first research which used the CSI Model for assessing the satisfaction of teenagers at risk and vulnerable to social damages. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Public Library Quarterly (01616846) 37(4)pp. 441-460
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of marketing intelligence and risk-taking of the librarians of kids/teens libraries on competitive advantage in user loyalty, in view of the parents. Methodology: This research is a descriptive research and was performed using surveys and correlation analysis. The data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of parents whose children have used the library services of kids/teens libraries in the Isfahan City. Sample members were chosen by random sampling. SPSS23 and AMOS23 software were used for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicated that the two variables of marketing intelligence and risk-taking ability of the librarians have no direct, significant influence on user loyalty, while competitive advantage directly affects it. However, marketing intelligence and risk-taking ability can influence user loyalty if mediated through competitive advantage. Results: If the librarians of kids/teens libraries can use their marketing intelligence to take reasonable risks, they can create a competitive advantage in service provision. The users will hence realize this advantage, thus turning into loyal users. ©, Published with license by Taylor & Francis. © Elham Kiani, Mitra Pashootanizadeh and Azarnoush Ansari. ©, © Elham Kiani, Mitra Pashootanizadeh and Azarnoush Ansari.
Information and Learning Science (23985356) 119(11)pp. 635-651
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure how effective television programs are in persuading teenagers to use public libraries. Design/methodology/approach: This study is a descriptive survey. The statistical population includes all members of public libraries in the City of Isfahan aged between 12 and 16 years (N = 920). Using Cochran’s formula, the sample size was determined to be 270 individuals. The data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire survey instrument whose validity was confirmed by Library and Information Science experts. Furthermore, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed via “Cronbach’s alpha” in the pilot test with 0.73. Having a return rate of 85.93 per cent, the authors were able to analyze 232 sets of responses. Findings: Based on the authors’ findings, television programs are only able to satisfy the first stage of the model (i.e. Attention). So, its role in encouraging teenagers to use public libraries is not significant. Among the items of the model, “Desirability and interest in the program” and “Persuading teenagers to use public libraries” were found to be the most and least effective items, respectively, with average responses of 8.42 and 5.13. Moreover, television shows categorized as kids/teenagers were most likely to attract the target audience to libraries. Originality/value: There is no any similar study in this scope, especially in the Middle East, where watching the television remains a mainstream activity for teenagers. It is for the first time that AIDA model is used for measuring the effectiveness of television programs in persuading teenagers to use public libraries in Iran. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Journal of Library Metadata (19375034) 17(2)pp. 91-110
The purpose of this research is to determine the appropriate MARC format for Farsi printed books and digital resources considering the present situation of MARC and information organization in Iran. For this purpose, a descriptive research methodology was applied and a researcher-made questionnaire survey instrument was designed to investigate the viewpoints of Iranian MARC experts concerning MARC use in Iran. A 5-point Likert-type scale checklist was for collecting the experts' perceptions about the importance of each MARC criterion. Iranian MARC experts were asked to express their viewpoints. The respondents were identified using the “snowball” sampling method. Findings revealed that by making some modifications to UNIMARC, we could meet the cataloguing requirements of the most widely used information resource in Iran, the printed book; however, due to the rapid growth of digital resources, the tendency to use them in Iran, and the limited capabilities of UNIMARC (i.e., having no link to digital resources and having no metadata schemes such as MARCXML, MODS, METS, and MADS), UNIMARC does not seem to guarantee a better future for development of library systems compared with MARC21. © 2017, Published with license by Taylor & Francis © 2017, © Mitra Pashootanizadeh and Mortaza Kokabi.
Iranian Journal of Information Processing Management (22518231) 30(1)pp. 269
Because UNIMARC is the basis for Iran MARC format, in this paper all 17 problems identified by Kokabi in 1994 about adoption of UNIMARC in Iran, were compared with Iran MARC Manual to find the suggested solutions for them. Because of the international role of MARC 21 and UNIMARC, these 17 problems were checked out to reveal if these problems are solved in the last update of UNIMARC and if there is any solution for them in MARC 21. Eventually with these findings, researchers determined that MARC 21 has more adaption with special features of Persian cataloging and bibliographic features.
Iranian Journal of Information Processing Management (22518231) 29(3)pp. 593
There are different theories on information as Shannon's Information or Communication Theory, Semantic Theory of Information, Cybernetics Theory, Quantum Theory of Information and Quantum Information Theory, each one viewing information from a different point. In this paper researchers used the foundamental concepts of quantum physics such as Wave/Particle duality, Complementarity, Uncertainty principle, Schrödinger's cat &so on to explain the nature of information and its role in information environments & flows. These concepts were introduced sequentially and Quantum Theory of Information was interpreted eventually.
Information Sciences and Technology (17355206) 25(1)
Information Sciences and Technology (17355206) 24(1)
Information Sciences and Technology (17355206) 22(3)pp. 33-54
The growing number of specialized, scientific journals has made fast, batch identification and retrieval of articles a daunting task for the researchers. Furthermore, the rising cost of journal subscriptions, has deprived many researchers and even small libraries of individual subscriptions. The present research was conducted to assess the importance of establishing a full text database of Persian articles at the library of the faculty of law and political sciences in Shiraz University from the standpoint of the graduate and undergraduate students. Findings demonstrated that the average usefulness of the full-text article databases in students' view, was rated "high", given their experience with databases. About 61% of the respondents stated their "high" and "very high" approval for article digitization. Given the advantages offered by full-text article databases, the approval rating of the respondents have been "high.
