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Iranian Journal Of Psychiatry (17354587) 15(4)pp. 322-330
Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that could aggressively affect patients' quality of life in most instances. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of an existential-spiritual psychotherapy with a cognitive-behavioral therapy on quality of life and meaning in life in women with multiple sclerosis. Method: A convenience sample of 43 women with multiple sclerosis participated in this quasi-experimental study. They were randomly assigned into 3 groups: an existential-spiritual intervention, a cognitive-behavioral intervention, and the control group. Participants were assessed for outcome measures (quality of life and meaning in life) at 3 points in time: pretest, posttest, and 5-months follow-up. The Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54) and the Meaning in Life Questionnaires (MLQ) were used as outcome measures. To compare outcomes among the study groups, repeated measures analysis of variance was performed. Results: The results showed that while no difference was observed for the control group, scores for meaning in life improved significantly for existential-spiritual intervention and cognitive-behavioral therapy (p = 0.027, p = 0.039). Also, both mental (p < 0.001, p = 0.014) and physical (p = 0.001, p = 0.013) health dimensions of quality of life increased significantly in the 2 intervention groups. However, the results indicated that women in the existential-spiritual intervention group showed greater improvement in some aspects of meaning in life (search for meaning) and quality of life (role physical and role emotional, pain and energy) compared to women in the cognitive-behavioral intervention group. However, the latter group showed better improvements on 2 subscales (physical function and health distress). Conclusion: Both existential-spiritual and cognitive-behavioral interventions can improve quality of life and meaning in life among women with multiple sclerosis. However, the findings suggest that although both interventions were effective, the existential-spiritual intervention resulted in more positive improvements in some aspects of meaning in life and quality of life. © 2020 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Journal of Health System Research (27834093) 15(4)pp. 296-303
Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease coinciding with the ages of social activities. Therefore, this disease is associated with significant effects on the quality of life and psychological status of these patients. It is well-accepted that the psychological status of patients is an effective factor in the process of treatment and living in chronic conditions. With this background in mind, the present study was conducted to identify the psychological status of these patients from their own perspective and specialists' viewpoints. Methods: The current qualitative study was conducted with a thematic analysis approach. The participants of the current study included 24 MS patients with maximum diversity in gender, age, illness duration and severity, and 8 experts in neurology, psychiatry, clinical psychology, and nursing from Guilan province. Participants were selected by a purposive sampling method and the data were gathered through unstructured interviews which continued up to data saturation. Data analysis was performed using a thematic analysis approach by the Attride-Stirling method. Findings: From the total information, three global themes, including individual problems, interactive problems, and disease-related problems were identified. Individual problems included: personality disorders, depression, sleep, cognitive, anxiety, physical, self-regulation, self-destructive behaviors, psychosis, as well as substance and alcohol abuse. Interactive problems incorporated: interpersonal sensitivity, aggression, sexual, social, and dependence. In addition, disease-related problems involved reaction to disease. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, patients with MS are involved in several psychological problems in individual, interactive and disease-related domains. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop and present psychological programs and interventions based on these problems in order to improve their mental status, quality of life, and adaptability. © 2020 Journal of Health System Research.
Kolahdouzan, S.A. ,
Kajbaf, M.B. ,
Oraizi, H.R. ,
Abedi, M. ,
Mokarian, F. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (22287515) 26(1)pp. 16-31
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a death anxiety therapeutic package designed based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on death avoidance, mental health, and quality of life of cancer patients. Methods This parallel-experimental study was conducted on 28 cancer patients (19 females and 9 males aged 26-71 years) referred to Seyedoshohada Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. They were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (n=14) and control (n=14). The death anxiety package was designed in the University of Nevada and Lawshe’s method was used for examining its content validity ratio. The intervention group received therapy at seven sessions, once a week, while the control group received simple writing exercises with no intervention. Participants completed World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (Α=0.91), Death Attitude Profile-Revised (Α=0.88), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Α=0.87) three times as pretest, posttest, and follow-up assessments. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA in SPSS V. 21 software. Results The intervention group showed a significant decrease in death attitude dimensions of “fear of death” and “death avoidance” and a significant increase in the quality of life dimension of “mental health” compared to the control group. Conclusion The designed package based on ACT seems to reduce the death anxiety and death avoidance, and any change in attitude towards death in cancer patients may be related to their mental health. © 2020, Iran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
International Journal of MS Care (15372073) 22(1)pp. 37-42
Background: Self-management is the most important component in the treatment of chronic diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). The Bishop and Frain Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale- Revised (MSSM-R) is one of the valid tools available for self-management assessment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the MSSM-R in Iranian people with MS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 in the 1600 people with MS in Guilan Province, Iran. In this study, 250 people were selected by convenience sampling. The reliability of the Persian version of this scale was examined by internal consistency and test-retest methods, and validity evidence was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The MSSM-R had acceptable face and content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that 24 items on this scale have factor loadings in five subscales. Other results showed the internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach á and test-retest reliability, for the MSSM-R overall (α = 0.85, r = 0.77) and for the following subscales: Healthcare Provider Relationship and Communication (α = 0.83, r = 0.70), Treatment Adherence/Barriers (α = 0.70, r = 0.71), Social/Family Support (α = 0.79, r = 0.85), MS Knowledge and Information (α = 0.89, r = 0.72), and Health Maintenance Behavior (α = 0.77, r = 0.75). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the validity and reliability of the MSSM-R. To further ensure its psychometric properties, additional studies with this scale are suggested. © 2020 Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers.
HAYAT (2008188X) 25(2)pp. 138-150
Background & Aim: Health promoting behaviors have been recognized as an important strategy for maintaining and improving the independence, health and quality of life of people with chronic diseases. The aim of the present study was to compare the health promoting behaviors of patients with MS with those of healthy people. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted on MS patients and healthy people in Guilan province in 2018. For this purpose, 120 MS patients (from the MS association of Guilan province and other health centers) and 120 healthy people were selected by the convenience sampling method. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22. Results: The results showed that health promoting behaviors of MS patients were significantly lower than those of healthy people (t=-3.127, df=238, P<0.001). The results of the components analysis indicated that the mean ranks of self-actualization (U=4948.500, Z=-4.191, P<0.001), interpersonal relationships (U=12874.000, Z=-2.957, P<0.003), stress management (U=5787.000, Z=-2.644, P<0.008) and physical activity (U=5506.500, Z=-3.156, P<0.002) in MS patients were significantly lower than those in healthy people. However, there was no significant difference between MS patients and healthy people in the components of health responsibility and nutrition. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that chronic conditions are associated with a decrease in health promoting behaviors in MS patients, and the patients should be educated in this area using appropriate nursing and psychological interventions. © 2019, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). All rights reserved.
Mental Health, Religion and Culture (14699737) 21(8)pp. 797-809
Psychological findings in relation to the effectiveness of multifaceted lifestyle interventions for depression treatment are scant. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention targeting lifestyle habits based on Islamic teachings (Quran and Hadith) in patients with depression in Isfahan (Iran). Twenty-four patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were randomly assigned to 10 sessions of group Islamic lifestyle psychoeducational intervention (ILPI) or eight sessions of a behavioural activation (BA) group therapy. The depressive symptoms (including Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Penn State Worry Questionnaire) of both groups was improved significantly at the end of the treatment. The ILPI proved to be as efficacious as BA in mood improvement of patients with MDD. Given the approximately easy implementation and cost-effectiveness of ILPI, such intervention represents an effective nonpharmacological intervention to manage depression in patients with MDD. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Iranian Journal Of Nursing And Midwifery Research (17359066) 21(6)pp. 566-571
Background: Lack of spiritual health in patients with hypertension leads to many mental, social, and physical effects, On the other hand, considering the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly, interventions to enhance their spiritual wellbeing is essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of religious programs based on Islam on spiritual wellbeing in elderly patients with hypertension who referred to the health centers of Isfahan in 2014. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. The participants (52 elderly patients with hypertension) were randomly divided in to experimental and control groups. Religious program was implemented for the experimental group in eight sessions in two Isfahan health centers. Spirituality wellbeing survey (SWB) questionnaire was completed in three steps, namely, pretest, posttest and follow-up (1 month) in two groups. In the study, Chi-square test, independent t-test, and repeated-measures analysis of variance were performed for analyzing the data. Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of spiritual wellbeing, the religious dimension, and the existential aspect of spiritual wellbeing of the two groups. However in the posttest step and follow-up stage, the mean scores of spiritual wellbeing, the religious dimension, and the existential aspect of spiritual wellbeing in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The religious program based on Islam promoted the SWB of elderly patients with hypertension; further, nurses can use these programs to promote the SWB of elderly patients with hypertension. © 2016 Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
Ghazavi, Z. ,
Khaledi-sardashti, F. ,
Kajbaf, M.B. ,
Esmaielzadeh, M. Iranian Journal Of Nursing And Midwifery Research (17359066) 20(1)pp. 75-80
Background: Hope is the most important factor in diabetic patients’ life. The level of hope may be changing among these individuals as a result of chronic nature of diabetes and its complications. When the level of hope increases among these patients, they can resist against physical and psychological complications of diabetes more, accept the treatment better, enjoy life more, and adapt with their situations more efficiently. This study aimed to define the efficacy of hope therapy on hope among diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted on 38 diabetic patients referring to Sedigheh Tahereh Research and Treatment Center affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran in 2012. The subjects were selected based on the goals and inclusion criteria of the study and then were randomly assigned to study and control groups. Herth Hope Index (HHI) was completed by both groups before, after, and 1 month after intervention. In the study group, 120-min sessions of hope therapy were held twice a week for 4 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were adopted to analyze the data through SPSS version 12. Results: Comparison of the results showed that hope therapy significantly increased hope in diabetic patients after intervention in the study group compared to control (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that hope therapy increased hope among diabetic patients. This method is suggested to be conducted for diabetic patients. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology (discontinued) (00194247) 41(Special Issue 3)pp. 148-155
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a relatively common disorder and due to its debilitating nature, many studies have been conducted to reduce its symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of time perspective therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and narrative therapy on severity of symptoms of obsessivecompulsive disorder. The study sample consisted of 60 patients selected by accessibility method from all clients from Isfahan psychological and psychiatric services in 2013, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale was administered on them. Results from multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that differences between obsessive-compulsive severity symptoms in post-test and follow up stages in study groups were significant (p < 0.0001). Also, there were significant differences in mean of obsessive-compulsive symptoms severity between therapy groups with control group, except for time perspective therapy. © Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology.
Zerehpoush, A. ,
Kajbaf, M.B. ,
Heshmatifar, L. ,
Sadeghi hosnijeh, A.H. ,
Omidi, H. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (1560652X) 19(2)pp. 68-76
Background and Aim: Considering the importance of religion orientation in mental health and its stability up to adulthood, we performed this study to investigate religion/Islamic orientation and traits of students' personality on the basis of big five- factors of personality (NEO). Material and Method: This was a descriptive - analytical study. 272 subjects (men=128, women=144) between 18 and 28 years of age were selected by cluster sampling method and were assessed by means of two questionnaires: 1) Short - form of NEO- Personality Inventory and 2) Islamic-Religious Orientation questionnaire. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that all the traits of five factors of personality except for neuroticism had correlation with religious orientation (P<0.01). Factor of openness to experience predicted 0.11 of religion orientation in the students. According to the results of this study, there was a significant difference in religion orientation between males and females (t= -2/21). Conclusion: In general in our study, the personality traits had correlation with religion orientation and among them openness to experience had a more important role.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595) 29(160)pp. 1473-1478
Background: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between enhanced endothelial permeability and initiation or progression of atherosclerosis has been indicated in previous studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iron (Fe) and vitamin E on endothelial permeability of aorta and coronary arteries in rabbits on a high-cholesterol diet. Methods: Thirty male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups of 6, namely control, hypercholesterolemic (HC), HC + Fe (50 mg/kg), HC + vitamin E (50 mg/kg), and HC + Fe + vitamin E. After 4 weeks, blood samples were taken and endothelial permeability was measured by Evans blue dye method. Findings: Administration of Fe and/or vitamin E improved serum lipid profile (P < 0.05). Administration of Fe could not change aortic endothelial permeability in hypercholesterolemic animals (P > 0.05). However, vitamin E reduced aortic endothelial permeability (P < 0.05). Fe and vitamin E did not alter coronary artery permeability (P > 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the effects of Fe on atherosclerosis are not through the alteration of vascular permeability. However, reduced endothelial permeability may be a mechanism for beneficial effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular system. © 2011, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All Rights Reserved.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595) 26(89)
Background: Electroconvulsive therapy has been recognized as a very effective treatment for severe depressions. Studies have shown that in major depressive patients, speed of information processing after the treatment with ECT will be increased. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ECT on the memory of the major depressive patients to see whether this kind of treatment has any effect on improvement of the memory of these patients. Methods: In this study, with the experimental design, repeated measurement of ECT effect on major depressive patient memory was investigated. For this purpose, the function of these patients on the Wechsler memory measure test in two strong and weak groups regarding their memory quotient were investigated before ECT, 48 hours and six weeks after the last session of ECT. In each group 15 patients were selected and matched considering age, education and other intended variables in the research. The patients received ECT laterally on their non- dominant hemisphere, three sessions a week. The results were interpreted with the use of measuring the analysis of variance and F test. Findings: The mean scores for the strong MQ group before the ECT was 94.13 and 48 hours after the last session was 89.40 and in the weak group was 79.66 and 75.86 respectively, in both groups a significant difference of P < 0.0001 exists. Six week after the ECT in both groups it was 98.20 and 84.46 respectively that in strong group in P < 0.0001 and in weak group P < 0.02 it was significant. The scores in the 48 hours after the ECT stage were decreasing but in the 6 weeks after the ECT stage was increasing. Conclusion: The present study shows that decrease in memory after the ECT is temporary and six weeks after the last session of ECT patient’s memory in both weak and strong groups would be improved and would be increased. © 2008, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
