Background
Type: Review

Balo's concentric sclerosis: An update and comprehensive literature review

Journal: Reviews in the Neurosciences (21910200)Year: 1 December 2018Volume: 29Issue: Pages: 873 - 882
DOI:10.1515/revneuro-2017-0096Language: English

Abstract

Balo's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is considered a variant of multiple sclerosis characterized by concentric lamella of alternating demyelinated and partially myelinated tissues. It is a rare and a relatively acute condition. Attacks may proceed rapidly over weeks or months, typically without remission, like Marburg's variant, resulting in death or severe disability. However, the majority of cases have a more benign, self-limiting course with spontaneous remission. Magnetic resonance imaging is a primary imaging modality in the diagnosis of BCS. Treatment with intense immunosuppression may be indicated in patients with more aggressive form. New reports reveal more evidence regarding the pathophysiology and treatment strategies. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston 2018.


Author Keywords

Balo's concentric sclerosisdemyelinationmagnetic resonance imagingmultiple sclerosis

Other Keywords

BrainDemyelinating DiseasesDiffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of SchilderHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMultiple SclerosisMyelin Sheathalemtuzumabazathioprinebeta1a interferoncorticosteroidcyclophosphamidefingolimodfluorodeoxyglucoseimmunoglobulinimmunosuppressive agentmethylprednisolonemitoxantronenatalizumabautologous stem cell transplantationBalo concentric sclerosiscerebrospinal fluid analysisclinical featuredifferential diagnosisdisease associationfollow uphumanimmunosuppressive treatmentneuroimagingnuclear magnetic resonance imagingpathogenesisPelizaeus Merzbacher diseaseplasma exchangepolymerase chain reactionpositron emission tomographyprevalencepriority journalprognosisReviewdemyelinating diseasepathologypathophysiologyproceduresSchilder disease