Molecular signatures of breast cancer in the Iranian population: a review of cell growth and cell cycle regulators

Abstract

The mortality rate of breast cancer remains relatively high in the Iranian population, with approximately 4810 deaths reported in 2020 (GLOBOCAN). This elevated fatality rate has been predominantly attributed to delays in diagnosis. In recent years, substantial research efforts have been directed toward elucidating cellular markers associated with breast cancer within this population. To this end, a systematic literature search was undertaken across both international and national databases, including PubMed, Scopus, IranMedex, and Magiran, covering the period from 2019 to 2024. The review synthesized data from studies encompassing a total of 15,318 Iranian breast cancer patients. The aggregated evidence provides comprehensive insights into cellular growth and cell cycle regulation markers implicated in breast cancer, thereby offering potential to inform the development of population-specific molecular diagnostic and prognostic strategies. © The Author(s) 2025.