Dry/Solid-State Fermentative Ethanol Production

Abstract

Dry/solid-state fermentative ethanol production refers to ethanol production by solid-state fermentation (SSF), performed almost in the absence of free water, unlike submerged fermentation (SmF). This article discusses advantages and disadvantages of SSF process for bioethanol production. Furthermore, various factors that influence the SSF ethanol production, including type of microorganism, moisture content, microorganism concentration, particle size, temperature, mixing, and pH as well as their effects on the process were presented and discussed. Moreover, different bioreactor designs which can be used for ethanol production using SSF process are included. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved