Non-isothermal Kinetic Analysis of Synthesis of Medical Applicable Fluorapatite in Solid-state Reaction

Abstract

This paper presents the synthesis of Fluorapatite particles (FA; Ca10 (PO4)6F2) as biomaterials for bone regeneration and dentistry. The particles were synthesized by mechanically activating CaHPO4, Ca(OH)2 and CaF2, which served as the precursor materials. Subsequently, the precursors were heated under a non-isothermal condition using simultaneous thermo-gravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The heating rates employed were 7, 10, and 15 °C min−1, and the process was conducted up to 1100 °C in an Ar atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to analyze the phase composition. To determine the activation energy variation with the degree of conversion (α), four isoconversional methods: starink, KAS, FWO, and Friedman were employed for the kinetic study of synthesizing Fluorapatite particles under non-isothermal conditions. The results indicate that the activation energy does not change with α. The empirical kinetic triplets (E, A, and g(a)) were calculated using a fitting model and the invariant kinetic parameters (IKP) method. By combining the isoconversional methods, IKP, and the fitting model, the obtained kinetic model was identified as Diffusion-controlled of third order (D3) with gα=[1-1-a13]2. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2024.