One of the issues that have attracted the attention of scientists throughout history is the relationship between the components of the universe and the ontology derived from such thinking. Since ancient Greece, many physicists and philosophers have been exploring this issue, and the results of their research and understanding of the issue have generally influenced one another, so that the discovery of a problem has led to fundamental changes in the thinking of the other group. With the advent of new physics, a new vantage point in the ontology of the universe has been created, and compared to the past scholars have been writing differently on this topic. Teller is one of the scholars influenced by the new findings of physics and has attempted to refute the divisive view of classical physics and raised his own theory which is based on universal and relational holism. This article attempts to explain Teller's point of view mentioned in his own essay within the framework of Bell’s theory of “Relativity, Relational Holism and Inequality" and critique and evaluate it on the basis of the ontological principles of transcendent theosophy. The results of this study emphasize that the empirical method is partial and not suitable for proving the holism of matter. Rather, with general and philosophical principles such as the individual unity of being, the principle of causality, and the principal of self-existence, a more plausible reasoning can be achieved. Undoubtedly, such dialogues between philosophy and physics will pave the way for a better and more complete understanding of existence.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(15-16)pp. 2-13
It mayseem thatin the world ofIslam and thecultureandreligion,"password"as a term,especiallyin therealm ofmysticismandisstrictlyreligious and mysticalaspects.Butintheearly stages ofthe development ofphilosophyin the Muslim world,Islamicphilosophersto"password"andtheevolution of theirattention,wasa certainphilosophicalfoundations.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(17-18)pp. 29-40
Among the philosophical principles of causality, the famous rule "Wahid" which is compatible with the principle of cause and effect are interconnected. In the view of many philosophers, this principle has been granted, but the terms of the raising serious questions about its territory is facing, such as: principle conflicts with the agency and omnipotence, in ways Divine causality rule out that some of their inclusion. This article clarifies the principle and its territory, to bug the divine power and wisdom reply in this regard, critical analysis, and eventually to the conclusion that neither the rational allocation at the base of "Wahid" correct and limitations in power His divorced is permissible, therefore, no conflict between the provisions of principle and proofs of evidence means there is no divine agency.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(25)pp. 60-87
Among the most complex philosophical issues is the value of knowledge, which determines the destiny of many other philosophical problems. In this regard, there are some serious questions such as, how much is the validity of human beings’ knowledge, how and in what is the veridicality of knowledge?
Among the contemporary philosophers, `Allāmah Tabātabā’ī has examined this important with further scrutiny and presented valuable discussions; referring all the acquired knowledge to the presential knowledge and considering the presential knowledge as basic, he firstly adopted a new approach in this domain and secondly attained an explanation of the errors of the senses. The present essay, analyzing `Allāmah Tabātabā’ī’s viewpoint on the value of knowledge, and emphasizing a number of its features, is going to present a more coherent assertion of it, possessing the least difficulties in regard to the veridicality of knowledge.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(4)pp. 25-42
Some theologians in the process of explaining the creation of contingent world, in addition to non-existence in time, have denied the causal relationship between the creator and the created and explained their relation in terms of creative agent. On the contrary, many philosophers believe in the pre-existence of created beings and emphasize on the principle of causality and on the necessary creation and some of them believe that there must be a kind of cognation (ontological homogeneity) between the creator and the creatures. So in explaining the relation between the creatures and the creator three ideas have been offered in general: total difference, sameness, and cognation. The purpose of this article is to examine the necessity of cognation between the cause and the effect in Islamic philosophy. After analyzing and explaining the theory of cognation and examining its objections, the author has come to the conclusion that the necessity of cognation, according to philosophical ontology, is self-evident.
Qurbani, H., Ebadi, A., Amousoltani foroushani, M.M.
Publication Date: 2012/08/22
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(4)pp. 135-150
Muslim theologians have presented a full description of the multiplicity of God's existence proofs and the ways of His rational knowledge in the Islamic tradition. They also explained the secret of this plurality in different ways as follows: 1. the plurality of ways is based on the plurality of wayfarer's talents; 2. the plurality of ways is based on cognitive powers of wayfarers; 3. The plurality of ways is the result of the various concepts abstracted from the essence of God; 4. The plurality of ways is based on the plurality of Divine Names and Attributes. The first and the second explanations are subjective explanations seeking the secret of plurality in the side of knower but the third and forth ones are objectives. Exploring them deeply, this paper shows that, individually observed, each one of these ways is involved in an impermissible reductionism and the fallacy of one-sided assessment. So a comprehensive approach, i.e. a combination of both subjective and objective ways, is the only accurate approach in this regard. Therefore these four explanations are collectively the secret of plurality of ways of proving and knowing God.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(3-4)pp. 249-276
Oral or written presentation of religious principles of faith is an old tradition among Muslims. The aim of these letters of beliefs is to preserve and transfer the basic and common principles of every sect. However, they include some of the writer or narrator's personal views and beliefs which should not be confused with those common principles. The issues and discussions presented by a writer in his/her treatise show not only the basis of his religion but also his way of thinking, insight, nature and character. The present paper elaborate on, analyzes and compares Sheikh Baha'i' and Majlesi's letters of beliefs. In his treatise, Majlesi is more concerned with recommendation and prescription, and his imperative language likens his treatise to jurists' practical treatises. In contrast, Sheikh Baha'i' absolutely describes and explains his views and does not criticize or anathematizes the opponents. He allocates two third of his treatise to the explanation of practical issues of Islam, but Majlesi allocates most of his treatise to the explanation of the principles of faith and considers the explanation of preliminaries of acts and moral recommendations sufficient in terms of acts.
The present article intends to show a reasonable and documentary analysis of two important logical classifications: classification of quantified proposition into factual and external and classification of positive predicative proposition into factual, external and mental. The overlap of these two classifications which was happened because of the participation of the term, created many problems and ambiguities in understanding of the predecessors’ knowledge of sciences. The present article is an attempt to study these two classifications with a logical and epistemological approach. Our attitude in this article is a historical one. We first, analyze the bipartite classification then explain two reports of the triadic classification. In the shade of logical analysis and historical explanation the weaknesses and strengths of these classifications would become clear. Also we survey the opposing viewpoint in this problem.
Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics (10275487)(2)pp. 787-802
In the present paper we shall first introduce the notion of the algebra F(S, T) of two topological *-semigroups S and T in terms of bounded and weakly continuous *-representations of S and T on Hilbert spaces. In the case where both S and T are commutative foundation *-semigroups with identities it is shown that F(S, T) is identical to the algebra of the Fourier transforms of bimeasures in BM(S*, T*), where S* (T*, respectively) denotes the locally compact Hausdorff space of all bounded and continuous *-semicharacters on S(T, respectively) endowed with the compact open topology. This result has enabled us to make the bimeasure Banach space BM(S*, T*) into a Banach algebra. It is also shown that the Banach algebra F(S, T) is amenable and is a compact topological group, where denotes the spectrum of the commutative Banach algebra as a closed subalgebra of wap (S ×T), the Banach algebra of weakly almost periodic continuous functions on S × T.
