Department of The Teachings Of Ahl Al-Bayt
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Articles
Qurbani, H.,
Ebadi, A.,
Amousoltani foroushani, M.M. Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(4)pp. 135-150
Muslim theologians have presented a full description of the multiplicity of God's existence proofs and the ways of His rational knowledge in the Islamic tradition. They also explained the secret of this plurality in different ways as follows: 1. the plurality of ways is based on the plurality of wayfarer's talents; 2. the plurality of ways is based on cognitive powers of wayfarers; 3. The plurality of ways is the result of the various concepts abstracted from the essence of God; 4. The plurality of ways is based on the plurality of Divine Names and Attributes. The first and the second explanations are subjective explanations seeking the secret of plurality in the side of knower but the third and forth ones are objectives. Exploring them deeply, this paper shows that, individually observed, each one of these ways is involved in an impermissible reductionism and the fallacy of one-sided assessment. So a comprehensive approach, i.e. a combination of both subjective and objective ways, is the only accurate approach in this regard. Therefore these four explanations are collectively the secret of plurality of ways of proving and knowing God.
اندیشه دینی (22516123)(48)pp. 25-46
The present article intends to show a reasonable and documentary analysis of two important logical classifications: classification of quantified proposition into factual and external and classification of positive predicative proposition into factual, external and mental. The overlap of these two classifications which was happened because of the participation of the term, created many problems and ambiguities in understanding of the predecessors’ knowledge of sciences. The present article is an attempt to study these two classifications with a logical and epistemological approach. Our attitude in this article is a historical one. We first, analyze the bipartite classification then explain two reports of the triadic classification. In the shade of logical analysis and historical explanation the weaknesses and strengths of these classifications would become clear. Also we survey the opposing viewpoint in this problem.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)(3)pp. 5-22
Ambiguous Quranic verses have been one of the challenging issues during the history of Islamic sciences. In the principles of his ontology, Mulla Sadra Shirazi (the Leader of Theosophers) believes in particular monotheism versus general monotheism. He holds that, on the basis of philosophical-mystical principles of particular monotheism view, outward meanings of Quranic verses can be maintained and all ambiguous verses can predicated to their outwards meanings, without the necessity of expounding the esoteric meanings of verses or of belief in corporealization about the essence of God. On the contrary, ambiguous verses cannot be predicated on their outward meanings on the basis of general monotheism; rather, their esoteric meanings should be expounded and the belief in corporealization about the Necessary Being should accepted. Given the fact that ambiguous Quranic verses are multi-factorial, Mulla Sadra adopts an inter-disciplinary approach to this issue
اندیشه دینی (22516123)(71)pp. 23-42
The cognitive science of religion is a "scientific" approach to study the religion, which seeks to provide the causal explanations for religious beliefs and behaviors. The defenders of the cognitive sciences of religion try to explain the process of formation, strengthening, and prevalence of religious beliefs with the help of natural features of human mind and explaining its mode of operation. In their view, human mental tools are formed so that they have special support for the concept of "God" (and other basic concepts of religion). These mental tools have significant processing biases in accepting the religious beliefs, ultimately leading to the formation, strengthening, and spread of religious beliefs. Thus, this study was conducted to explain the natural process of the formation and strengthening of religious beliefs from the perspective of the cognitive sciences of religion, to extract the explanatory limitations of this approach. The findings of the present study showed that, the cognitive science of religion faces two basic explanatory constraints. The first type results from the lack of attention to the supernatural and social dimensions of religious phenomena, and the second type is due to the explanatory limitations of cognitive mechanisms.
Optics InfoBase Conference Papers (21622701)18pp. 130-149
We describe a quantum interface between an optical and a microwave field based on their common interaction with a nano-mechanical resonator. This is an effective source of two-mode squeezing with an optical idler and a microwave signal, enabling continuous variable teleportation. © 2012 OSA.
Nursing Inquiry (13207881)24(4)
All schools of thought believe that infancy is crucial to the formation and development of the human character. Nevertheless, a search of literature revealed the lack of a clear definition of the concept of ‘infancy care based on an Islamic perspective’ in nursing texts. As the lack of a clear definition of a concept conveys the inapplicability of that concept to its relevant field and community, this study was conducted to explore and determine the characteristic features of the concept of infancy care based on the perspective of Islam. Walker and Avant's (Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Prentice Hall, Boston, 2011) literary concept synthesis as the manner of concept development approach was conducted. Islamic documents were surveyed without any time limitation. Findings involved the extraction of six main concepts, including God as the Merciful Nurturer, mother as the symbol of the Creativity and Divinity of God, infant as a person with dignity and potential for excellence, parents as the nurture way paver, basic principles of nurturing, and holistic lifelong health promotion. The theoretical definition of each concept was presented. From the perspective of Islam, infant care is the nurturing of a human who has been conceived with dignity, certain rights, identity, and the capacity for development and excellence. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Iranian Journal Of Neonatology (23222158)8(4)pp. 65-73
Background: The infants depend on their parents for growth and survival during the early years of life. Therefore, the parents play a key role in the preservation and improvement of the infants’ physical and psychological health. Religion is one of the most influential factors that affect parenting. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the Islamic perspectives on parents' role during infancy. Methods: This study was conducted within August 2014 to July 2016 (i.e., 24 months) using a qualitative content analysis. All the Shiite Islamic documents (i.e., Quran and Ahadith), which had Persian translation, were surveyed without any time limitation. Documents were in electronical and printed formats. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA 10 software. Results: The results of analysis led to the emergence of three main categories. These categories included parents as the founders of infant’s physical and psychological health, parents as God’s representatives in nurturing the infant, and infant as part of parents’ flesh and God’s trust. The three obtained categories indicated the dimensions of Islamic perspective on parents' role during infancy. Conclusion: Based on the Islamic thought, God is the main carer and nurturer of the infants, and parents as the nurture way pavers can achieve the best outcomes by fulfilling their duties and invoking God for his assistance and grace. According to the findings of the study, since the infant is the sign of God’s trust and grace to the parents, the parents should make their best to raise a healthy and righteous child. The nurses’ awareness of religious beliefs may improve the quality of care. In this regard, the nurses can help the parents by training, counseling, and supporting them to have a healthy and righteous child.
Islamic Quarterly (00211842)62(2)pp. 229-246
Singular proposition (al-qadīyah al-shakhsīyah) is a type of categorical proposition (al-qadīyah al-hamlīyah). Islamic logicians have paid close attention to defining, naming, and analyzing of singular proposition. From the works of logicians of Islamic period, eight features of singular propositions can be derived: constituency relation, unquantifiability, indivisibility into confirmation of the subject and confirmation of the object, indivisibility into factual/extrinsic propositions, inefficiency in categorical syllogism, not being convertible, having no value in al- 'ulūm al-burhāniyah, and truth of contradictory propositions in square of opposition. © 2018 Islamic Cultural Centre. All rights reserved.
Journal of Shi'a Islamic Studies (17489423)12(1-2)pp. 29-67
The present article investigates the scope of applicability of the ‘Reports of Subjection’ (ahādīth ard) in determining the origin (sudūr), signification (dilālah), and true intention (jahat) of reports in the corpus of tradition. We cite verses of the Qur’an in examining the possibility of relying on the Qur’an in determining the authenticity of the reports in the corpus of tradition. The conclusion we arrive at is that the Qur’an cannot help in determining with certainty if a given report is authentic, in the sense of having indisputably originated in an infallible Imam of the Shia faith; but it can help us conclude with confidence whether a dubious report is inauthentic. Another way in which the contents of the verses of the Qur’an can be brought to bear on the study of the reports in the corpus of tradition is in ascertaining the true intent underlying the content of a given report and the genuine meaning intended by the authority the report is purportedly quoting. Drawing on the example of the Imams in how they would invoke the Qur’an in assessing a report in the corpus of tradition, we are led to a set of parameters that we describe as ‘the Qur’anic elements bearing on the verificatory process of subjecting the reports in the corpus of tradition to the Qur’an’, which can effectively guide the researcher in how to proceed in ascertaining the authenticity of a given report with recourse to the Qur’an. The ‘Qur’anic elements’ we have enumerated are (1) the authority of the standard manuscript of the Qur’an, (2) the authority of the standard pronunciational format of the Qur’an, (3) the occasion and environment of revelation of the Qur’anic verses, (4) the time and sequence of revelation of the Qur’anic verses, (5) the context (sīyāq) of a given Qur’anic verse, (6) the apparent signification (sibāq) of a given Qur’anic verse, and (7) the multiple significations inferable from a given Qur’anic verse. The latter three are the most practically useful elements in the exercise of ‘subjecting’ the reports of the corpus of tradition to the Qur’an. © 2019 The Islamic College. All rights reserved.
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)21(2)pp. 29-50
From the beginning of the 21st century, a new field of cognitive science called "cognitive science of religion" (CSR) has attracted the attention of many scholars. Researchers in this branch seek to explore cognitive mechanisms that produce or reinforce religious beliefs in man. Theories and empirical evidence of CSR have led to many philosophical and theological questions. One of the most important questions is whether these findings show that belief in the existence of God is unjustified. Some philosophers respond positively to this question. They believe that the cognitive mechanisms studied in this area are a threat to the belief in God. Their reasons for this are largely based on the fact that these mechanisms are prone to substantial error, and the insensitivity of these mechanisms in relation to truth. Our aim in this paper is to show that none of the above reasons can show that religious beliefs are unjustified, especially belief in God. Our argument in this regard is based on the fact that natural and supernatural explanations are not mutually exclusive, and the fundamental limitation of cognitive mechanisms. © 2020 Journal of Philosophical Theological Research. All rights reserved.
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