Articles
Iranian Economic Review (10266542)29(1)pp. 25-49
Immigration is one of the factors affecting macroeconomic variables, including foreign trade. Considering the large number of Afghan migrants throughout the world, this study sought to investigate the effect of Afghan migrants on the imports and exports of this country during 2001-2019, using the semiparametric augmented gravity model for the empirical purpose of the study. The results of the semiparametric estimation of the fixed effects model have indicated that the role of emigration on the volume of exports and imports of Afghanistan has a non-parametric effect. That is, on some levels of emigration, the increase in the number of immigrants abroad has increased trade and confirms the existence of a complementary relationship between labor migration and trade, contrary to the theory of Heckscher-Ohlin, but at other levels, the accumulation of immigrants has caused a decrease in the volume of Afghanistan's imports and exports. This result is consistent with Heckscher-Ohlin 's theory. Of course, it can be due to the integration of immigrants in the host society and the disconnection with the destination countries, the difference in skills level and information of immigrants. © Author(s).
Global Economy Journal (15245861)22(3)
In this study, in order to investigate the different forms of capital flow between developing and developed countries in the steady state, a two-country dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model, under asymmetric information, is developed. For simulating countries, the parameters of previous studies are used. The results showed that international risk-sharing can explain the Lucas paradox. In both symmetric and asymmetric information structures, net foreign assets in the forms of stocks in steady state are negative for developing countries. In other words, in the steady state, capital exits from the developing country in the form of bonds and enters these countries in the form of stocks. Besides, net capital inflows in the form of stocks and net outflows of capital in the form of bonds in the present model under asymmetric information are larger than that under symmetric information structure. Furthermore, impulse function results show that the two countries are highly correlated. So, the occurrence of a shock in one country changes the production and consumption of another country. But the impact of the shock on macro variables in the country itself is greater than in another. © 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company.
