Articles
Savadkouhi, S.,
Khoigani S.S.,
Oreyzi, H.R.,
Oreyzi samani, H.R.,
Asgari, K.,
Asgari mobarakeh, K. Journal of Applied Psychological Research (22518126)13(1)pp. 199-215
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the “Civility, Respect & Engagement in Workplace (CREW)” intervention on employees’ relational energy and well-being by controlling for extroversion. The study was an applied and quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest and control group design. The statistical population consisted of all employees at the headquarters of Isfahan Gas Company in 2019, which amounted to 610 individuals (95 females and 515 males). The research sample consisted of 30 volunteers (23 males and 7 females) who participated in the study and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The instruments used in this research were the Relational Energy Questionnaire )REQ(, the Employee Well-Being Questionnaire (EWBQ), and NEO Personality Inventory) NEO-PI). The “civility, respect & engagement at Work” intervention was delivered in 8 sessions lasting 90 minutes for the experimental group, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using the MANCOVA method of SPSS version 23. The results indicate that the CREW intervention improved employees’ relationship energy and well-being in the posttest by controlling extroversion. Thus, managers can develop employees’ relationship energy and well-being and support them by implementing the CREW intervention.
Middle East Journal Of Rehabilitation And Health Studies (24234451)11(2)
Context: Neuroticism is associated with a heightened experience of bodily sensations and pain. This suggests that psychosocial factors can affect biological mechanisms. However, it is unclear whether fibromyalgia (FM) is associated with neuroticism and how these factors may be related. Objectives: This study attempted to incorporate recent studies on fibromyalgia and neuroticism to comprehensively explain it. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis based on the PRISMA guidelines (2020), PubMed, Psych INFO, Social Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched for quantitative studies published up to August 31, 2022. Results: Nineteen cross-sectional studies met the meta-analytic inclusion criteria, totaling 7,881 participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated high levels of neuroticism in fibromyalgia patients compared with control groups (Hedges’ g = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.54-1.02; P < 0.001). This meta-analysis provides evidence of the role of neuroticism as a contributing factor in the development and manifestation of fibromyalgia. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were also conducted to investigate the potential moderators that might have influenced the effect size. The results of the meta-regression and subgroup analyses revealed that the health condition of the control group and the sex of the participants were significant moderators affecting the effect size. Conclusions: The results suggest that neuroticism should be specifically assessed and targeted in fibromyalgia interventions, especially in women. Furthermore, there should be particular emphasis on the mechanisms through which neuroticism may contribute to an increased risk of persistent pain and somatic complaints. As a result, fibromyalgia patients with high neuroticism levels should receive multimodal interventions to address neuroticism. © 2023, Vesal et al.
Vesal, M.,
Roohafza, H.,
Feizi, A.,
Asgari mobarakeh, K.,
Shahoon, H.,
Ani, A.,
Adibi, P. Medicine (United States) (00257974)103(34)
Experimental pain studies have revealed inter-individual variations in pain perception that are influenced by age, sex, and country of origin. This study aimed to explore the age and sex differences in pressure pain thresholds within the Iranian general population. To assess the pressure pain thresholds, a handheld pressure algometer was applied bilaterally to the middle fingers of both hands. The participants also completed the short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire to provide a clinical pain rating. This cross-sectional study included 1610 adult subjects (54.96% female, mean age 40.13 ± 10.18 years). The findings indicated that females generally exhibited lower pain thresholds than males when assessing pain detection and tolerance parameters (P < .001). Females also demonstrated a significant lower pressure thresholds and clinical pain ratings compared with men (P < .001). Additionally, significant differences were observed between age groups in terms of pain detection and tolerance thresholds (P = .02 and P = .03, respectively). However, the interaction between sex and age was not significant. No significant differences in pain detection thresholds were observed between the right and left hand (P = .11). This study underscores the potential utility of algometry as a valuable tool for objectifying pain in the Iranian population. Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam (23221887)10(3)pp. 13-25
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS), is an inflammatory chronic disease of the central nervous system, usually starting in the most productive years of the patient’s life, and its cognitive consequence may affect on patient’s behavior, social functions, daily life, and occupation. One of the most important cognitive variables, which may be affected through MS, is reaction time. The aim of this study was to investigate the reaction time of patients with MS (SPMS and RRMS types) toward visual and auditory stimuli. Materials and Methods: The study design was a retrospective, causal-comparative type, in which the sample was selected through an accessible and purposive sampling method from the patients who were referred to the MS center and MS institute of Isfahan, Iran. The control group was selected from the healthy patient’s family members or their relatives. A total of 159 subjects participated in this study, each group consisted of 53 subjects. The reaction time of the three groups toward the visual and auditory stimuli was measured. The instruments comprised a reaction timer and a multiple sclerosis impact scale. Results: The results showed that the reaction time in the patients was significantly slower than in healthy people. Furthermore, it was revealed that patients with SPMS type were slower in reaction time in comparison to RRMS patients. Conclusion: The speed of information processing in patients with MS, has become slower, due to the slowing of the conduction through nerve pulses, which is due to demyelination in damaged pathways. The decrease in processing speed may lead to an inability of the patients to accomplish mental and cognitive tasks, and this deficit is finally depicted in the inability of MS patients in responding to visual and auditory stimuli. © 2022, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center. All rights reserved.
