Nobari, H.,
Gandomani, E.E.,
Reisi, J.,
Vahabidelshad, R.,
Suzuki, K.,
Volpe, S.L.,
Pérez-gómez, J. Biology (20797737)11(2)
Our study examined the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and spirulina supplementation on the humoral immunity, cardio-respiratory fitness, and body composition of overweight and obese women. Thirty sedentary women (height: 161.7 ± 2.8 cm, body mass: 75.8 ± 8.4 kg, body mass index [BMI]: 28.8 ± 2.5 kg/m2, age: 25.1 ± 6.7 years) were divided into three groups: placebo with HIIT group, spirulina group (SG), or combined group (CG). Exercise groups performed HIIT for 8 weeks, with three sessions per week and four to seven repetitions in each session of 30 s running and 30 s walking; the intensity was established at 90% of the maximum heart rate. Supplementation groups received 6 g of spirulina powder per day. Fasting blood samples were collected before and after 8 weeks to determine the concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG). There was a significant group-by-time interaction for fat free mass (FFM; p = 0.001, f = 8.52, ηp2 = 0.39) and IgA (p = 0.036, f = 3.86, ηp2 = 0.22). The post hoc analysis revealed that CG reduced FFM significantly (p = 0.012, g = −0.55) after training. CG and SG showed significantly greater IgA concentrations after 8 weeks (p = 0.02, g = 0.70 and p = 0.001, g = 0.34, respectively). We conclude that spirulina supplementation with HIIT affects the body composition (lower FFM) but also boosts IgA, which plays an important role in the immune system. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Baseri, M.K.,
Reisi, J.,
Bagheri, R.,
Clemente, F.M. Human Movement (17323991)23(3)pp. 120-129
Purpose. The study investigated the effect of active recovery (Ar) and cold-water immersion (CWI) recovery strategies on the speed of recovery after small-sided games (SSGs) in soccer players. Methods. A crossover design was employed to divide 24 male soccer players from a first division Iranian National League (age: 22.3 ± 2.6 years) into 4 experimental conditions: active-active, active-CWI, CWI-active, and CWI-CWI. Heart rate (Hr) variations (standard deviation of normal r-r intervals [SDNN], log-transformed root mean square of successive r-r intervals [lnrMSSD]) and self-reported indices (Hooper questionnaire and rate of perceived exertion [rPE]) were measured. Twenty-four hours after SSGs, the players performed one of the recovery strategies. Forty-eight hours after the session, they completed a 20-m sprint test; changes were compared with baseline. Results. A significant difference in SDNN Hr variations between Ar and CWI recovery strategies (F= 4.86, p = 0.03, 2 = 0.31) was noted. regarding within-experimental condition changes (F = 60.82, p = 0.001, 2 = 0.85), significant differences were detected when comparing data recorded before SSGs and immediately after SSGs (p = 0.001), as well as for data recorded before SSGs and immediately after recovery (p = 0.001). There was also a significant difference in lnrMSSD Hr variations when Ar and CWI were compared (F = 2.41, p = 0.033, 2 = 0.29). Within-experimental condition changes (F = 127.9, p = 0.001, 2 = 0.74) indicated significant differences between data recorded before SSGs and immediately after SSGs (p = 0.001), as well as between data recorded before SSGs and immediately after recovery (p = 0.001). No significant difference was found between the SDNN index of Hr variability for different recoveries (p= 0.055, 2 = 0.07). Moreover, no significant differences were noted between recovery strategies in terms of Hooper index (p = 0.832, 2 = 0.11), rPE (p = 0.41, 2 = 0.06), or 20-m sprint test (p = 0.78, 2 = 0.02). Conclusions. CWI showed a greater effect than Ar in restoring the impaired vagal-related Hr variability indices observed immediately after SSGs. However, no advantage was observed between the recovery strategies. © Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences
International Journal Of Preventive Medicine (20088213)13(1)pp. 38-38
Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of garlic consumption and endurance training on the serum levels of some pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in female mice with breast cancer. Methods: This study is an experimental research randomly conducted on 32 female BALB/c mice divided into 4 equal groups (N = 8), including: Cancer Control (CC), Garlic Supplementation (GS), Endurance Training (ET), Endurance Training + Garlic Supplementation (ET + GS). One million cancerous cells were injected to all mice's upper right thigh using the subcutaneous injection method. Exercise groups performed endurance training for 8 weeks (5 days a week.(Garlic supplement groups received 1 ml of the garlic extract orally per kilogram of body weight. The control groups -were not given any task, activity or exercise during the research. At the end of the research, all the mice were anesthetized, and their blood samples were collected. Results: The period of 8-week simultaneous endurance exercise and consumption of garlic supplement significantly decreased the serum level of interleukin-6 (F = 75 P = 0.00), interleukin-8 (F = 97.9 P = 0.00), and interleukin-17 (F = 95.7 P = 0.00), and increased the serum level of interleukin-10 (F = 50.4 P = 0.00). Conclusions: Along with other existing methods, reduction of inflammatory factors, endurance exercises and consumption of garlic supplement have been proved to be an extremely effective treatment for breast cancer patients. © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Asian Journal Of Sports Medicine (20087209)12(2)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of introducing a new activity-based balance index using a triaxial accelerometer during activity. Methods: Twenty seven soccer players (age: 14.5 ± 0.4 years old, body mass: 58.3 ± 9.3 kg, height: 172 ± 8 cm) who participated in the national premier league were recruited. The participants were tested for their balance, activity, and skill in four tests: (I) one leg stance; (II) dynamic Y balance; (III) running; and (IV) dribbling slalom. The acceleration of the body was recorded using an accelerometer during those tests. By processing acceleration data, a new activity-based balance index (ABI) was calculated based on the velocity, acceleration, and position index of soccer players. Using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), reliability was calculated. Results: Reliability was high (ICC = 0.87-0.89; 95% CI = 0.77-0.93) in calculating ABI for the three activities performed in the tests. A significant positive correlation between ABI and both static and dynamic balance scores (r = 0.62, P = 0.002) was observed. Further-more, negative correlation was found significantly between ABI and dribbling scores (r =-0.61, P = 0.026) and Y Balance test (r = 0.6, P = 0.002). Conclusions: In conclusion, the introduced ABI demonstrates great potential to determine balance and skill scores based on accelerometer-based measures. © 2020, Author(s).
Shahabi, S.,
Esfarjani, F.,
Reisi, J.,
Momenzadeh, S.,
Jami, M.,
Zamani, S. Advanced Biomedical Research (22779175)10(1)pp. 40-40
Background: Osteoporosis is a prevalent elderly complication that is characterized by decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk because of dysregulation in bone mineralization and resorption. Physical activity can enhance bone strength by exerting mechanical forces and myokines. Irisin is a myokine that is increased following physical exercise and can affect bones. In this study, 8 weeks of resistance and endurance exercises are applied in mice compared to irisin injection to assess the contribution of the protocols and this myokine to bone strength. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male NMRI mice were separated into five groups; control, placebo, irisin injection, resistance exercise, and endurance exercise. 8-week of exercise protocols and irisin injection protocol (100 µg/kg/week) was applied. Plasma irisin concentration and bone strength were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay and 3-point bending assay, respectively. Statistical analyses were done through one-way ANOVA and Tukey test, and P < 0.05 was considered the significant difference. Results: Serum irisin concentration and bone strength in resistance exercise and irisin-injected groups were significantly higher than control and placebo groups (P < 0.0001). Serum irisin concentration, but not bone strength, of the endurance exercise group was also significantly higher than control and placebo groups (P < 0.0001) but lower than resistance and irisin-injected groups. Conclusion: Resistance exercise and irisin injection, but not endurance exercise, are likely to be effective in increasing bone strength. There may be a threshold for plasma irisin level to affect bones which the applied protocols of irisin injection and resistance exercise but not endurance exercise can reach. © 2021 Advanced Biomedical Research.
Samani, Z.A.,
Rahnema, N.,
Reisi, J.,
Nejadian, S.L.,
Majdabadi, H.A. Koomesh (23453699)22(1)pp. 92-98
Introduction: Stability and balance in the elderly are measured using several methods. The purpose of this study was to introduce a new activity based balance index using accelerometer and determine the relationship between this index and postural stability in older woman. Materials and Methods: Ninty-two elderly women were selected and participated in this study. For measuring balanace, One Leg Stance, Berg, Functional Reach, 10 m Walking, Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Fear of Falling tests were used. During the above tests, the acceleration of the center of the body using three axial accelerometer produced by Didehpardaze Saba Co. was recorded. Results: Data showed significantly negative correlation between balance index and TUG and the 10m walking, respectively (p=0.001, r=-0.503, p=0.001, r=-0664). There was a positive and significant correlation between balance index and fear of falling score (p=0.001, r=0.444). Functional reach test and Berg balance scale significantly correlated with balance index (p=0.001, r=0.395, p=0.001, r=0.336), respectively. The area under curve for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots in predicting falling were significant showed sensitivity of 0.857 and a specificity of 0.445. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of accelerometer and new balance index is a reliable and valid method for measuring balance of elderly women, which indicates that the ABI can predict falling in the elderly. © 2020, Semnan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Asian Journal Of Sports Medicine (20087209)10(2)
Background: Betatrophin is a β-cell proliferation marker produced as a result of irisin expression. It is regarded as a therapeutic indicator of diabetes due to elevated insulin secretion. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 different intensities of combined training on the levels of irisin, betatrophin, and insulin in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this study, 26 female patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups of combined high-intensity training, combined moderate-intensity training, and control. The training groups participated in combined training at high or moderate intensities for 8 weeks. The variance analysis test and the Duncan post-hoc test were applied to analyze the data (P > 0.05). Results: Combined training at 2 intensities of moderate and vigorous led to a rise in the levels of irisin, betatrophin, and insulin. Exercise intensity was a determining factor for these elevated levels insofar as combined high-intensity training resulted in higher levels of these hormones than combined moderate-intensity training. Conclusions: It appears that participating in relatively high-intensity training programs may be beneficial for diabetic patients inasmuch as they increase the levels of irisin, betatrophin, and then, insulin. © 2019, Author(s).
Physiology and Behavior (1873507X)194pp. 527-531
The aims of this study were a) to examine within-group changes of wellness and heart rate variability measures and b) to compare their sensitivity to a congested match schedule in collegiate soccer players (n = 8). Wellness (Hooper index and its subsets) and heart rate variability (Ln rMSSD, SDNN) measures were assessed after selected low-load (training sessions) and high-load (a congested match schedule) phases. Session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was computed for training and match sessions. A very likely large difference in accumulated sRPE was observed between low-load and high-load phases (+148.4%, 90% confidence interval CI [87.3; 229.5%]); effect size, ES, 2.16 [1.49; 2.82]. While the Hooper index showed an almost certainly moderate increase (+49.8%, [33.9; 67.5%]), ES, 1.05 [0.76; 1.34], heart rate variability measures (i.e., Ln rMSSD and SDNN) only changed with a possible trivial effect (range −2.1; 8.2%, [−7.1; 16.7%]), ES, −0.15; 0.15 [−0.50; 0.44]. The Hooper index showed a moderately higher sensitivity than Ln rMSSD to a congested match schedule (34.7%, [26.9; 41.6%], ES, 0.81 [0.60; 1.03]). Relationships between changes in the Hooper index and some of its subsets (∆Hooper index, ∆sleep, and ∆fatigue), with changes in mean sRPE (∆sRPE) were very large (range r = 0.72; 0.89). However, small associations were observed between changes in heart rate variability (∆Ln rMSSD, and ∆SDNN) and ∆sRPE (range r = −0.21; 0.10). This study suggests the use of subjective wellness indices, instead of heart rate variability measures, to monitor collegiate soccer players during congested match schedules. © 2018
Reisi, J.,
Ghaedi, K.,
Rajabi, H.,
Mohammad marandi, S. Asian Journal Of Sports Medicine (20087209)7(4)
Background: Irisin is a new myokine secreted from the skeletal muscle and appears to affect the metabolism of adipose tissue. Objectives: The mechanisms of cellular and molecular identification by which exercise training exerts its benefits remain unclear and are under investigation. Methods: We examined the effect of 8-week resistance exercise on plasma irisin levels and expression profiles of muscle FNDC5 and subcutaneous adipose tissue UCP1 in male rats. Sixteen adult male rats were divided into two groups, control (n = 8) and exercise training (n = 8) groups. The training group received exercise for 3 days/week on a specific ladder (120cmheight) with a carrying load of 50% of body weight, which was attached to their tails. Results: The weight of the load was gradually increased during the training sessions, ultimately reaching 200% of the body weight of rats in the final week. There were three sets of five repetitions with a 3-min rest between each set of exercise sessions and 1 minute between repetitions. Plasma irisin levels and relative mRNA expression of the genes UCP1 and FNDC5 were assessed. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the irisin levels after 8 weeks of resistance exercise (P< 0.001, t = 4.48). The relative expression of FNDC5 (P < 0.001, t = 6.18) and UCP1 genes (P < 0.001, t = 13.91) was also significantly increased. Conclusions: Therefore, we can conclude from this study that resistance exercise may improve body composition possibly through increased thermogenesis in white adipose tissue through the secretion of irisin. © 2016, Sports Medicine Research Center.
Journal of Military Medicine (17357667)17(2)pp. 107-114
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the prediction of injuries in Iranian soldiers with the Functional Movement Screening. Methods: All the subjects were evaluated before the beginning of the trainings. The FMS tests including the deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, straight leg raise, trunk stability push-up and rotary stability were used for the subjects' evaluation. They were monitored for musculoskeletal injuries resulting through a 7-month basic combat training period. Results: At least one musculoskeletal injury had been suffered by 42% of the cadets during the observation period. Logistic regression modeling indicated that the subjects who had a lower FMS score demonstrated higher injury risks (p=0.001). Also, considering the ROC curve and the Yourdon's index, the score of 14 was considered as a cut-off point. Therefore cadets whom FMS scores were lower than 14, were considered 5.6 time higher than the other soldiers exposed to lower extremities injury ROC curve with a cut-off point equal to 14 which shows sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.93. Conclusion: We can conclude from this study that functional movement screening can predict lower extremity injuries during medical in-processing.
