Soltanifard, H.,
Kashki, A.,
Zandi, R.,
Amani-beni, M. PLoS ONE (19326203)20(4 April)
Boroughani, M.,
Zandi, R.,
Pourhashemi, S.,
Gholami, H.,
Kaskaoutis, D.G. Atmospheric Pollution Research (13091042)16(2)
Sand and dust storms (SDS), as a direct consequence of land degradation and wind erosion, is an important environmental challenge in the last two decades, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Land use changes due to human intervention and soil's susceptibility to erosion are among the most important factors influencing the SDS hotspots. This study aims to explore possible linkage between land use changes and SDS hotspots in Iran during a 20-years period (2001–2022). In this scope, four dust characterization indices based on MODIS observations (BTD3132, BTD2931, NDDI, and D) were employed to identify the SDS hotspots. Then, the land use – land cover (LULC) changes over Iran were mapped using MODIS images, aiming to identify the areas exhibiting large LULC changes and tendency to become SDS hotspots. Finally, the LULC changes were analyzed with respect to SDS hotspots. The results revealed 618 SDS hotspots in the whole Iranian territory, with the largest number of them located in non-vegetated lands, scattered shrubs and rangelands. In addition, Zabol in east Iran presented the highest frequency of SDS, while southwest Iran faced also a large number of SDS. The highest number of SDS was recorded in 2008 in most of the country's stations, following the dust-regime shift in the Middle East due to prolonged drought. Current methodology links SDS hotspots and LULC changes very well and can be helpful for developing mitigation strategies for the consequences of human and climate-induced LULC changes, wind erosion and SDS in arid environments. © 2024 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control
Asadi, M.A.Z.,
Mokhtari, L.G.,
Zandi, R.,
Naemitabar m., M. Sustainable Water Resources Management (23635045)10(6)
This research examines the impact of land use changes from 2000 to 2023 on flood regimes and discharge in the Kal-e Shur Sabzevar basin. The study simulated rainfall-runoff processes using PCSWMM and HEC-HMS hydrological models, while the CA–Markov model projected future land use changes. The SCS-CN method was applied to simulate flood hydrographs, and the Muskingum method analyzed river trends. Results revealed notable peak discharge and flood volume increases: 24.6% in 2000, 49.8% in 2010, and 68% in 2020. The study computed maximum flood discharges for various return periods ranging from 2 to 1000 years. The model evaluation showed good accuracy with R2 = 0.97, NSE = 0.85, and PBIAS = 4.22. The HEC-HMS model was remarkably accurate for estimating peak flood discharge for the 100-year return period. Analysis indicates that land use changes, such as the conversion of pasture to agriculture, significantly increase maximum flood discharge and runoff volume. For instance, a 7.6% increase in discharge and runoff was observed for floods with a 500-year return period. Model calibration showed errors between 6.3% for the 100-year return period and 28% for the 2-year return period. Future projections with the CA–Markov model suggest a rise in non-vegetated and agricultural areas by 2050, driven by human activities, which will substantially alter land cover. These insights are valuable for local, national, and international policy development, sustainable land use planning, environmental protection, and flood risk management. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Assadi, M.A.Z.,
Nasiri, A.,
Zandi, R.,
Shafiei, N. Environmental Monitoring And Assessment (01676369)196(12)
During the recent decades, subsidence has increasingly occurred in many countries around the world, with the case being even worse for developing countries like Iran. In Iran, the main factor contributing to the occurrence of land subsidence is excessive groundwater extraction of groundwater for agricultural activities. One of the best techniques for subsidence detection is differential interferometry. In terms of agricultural development, Nourabad is an important plain in Fars province, Iran, where land subsidence due to overconsumption of groundwater has been experienced during the recent past. Cropping pattern plays a significant role in the subsidence and acknowledging the critical state of water resources in Iran alongside the fact that the farming method, in terms of its water demand can greatly contribute to reduced level of local aquifer reserve and hence the occurrence of land subsidence, the present research seeks to investigate the effect of farming method (i.e., dry farming, irrigated farming, and summer crops farming) on the subsidence in Nourabad Watershed. Satellite images acquired by Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1 were used. Data analysis was performed through radar data interferometry, support vector machine (SVM), and a hybrid of the two via spatial regression. Results of SVM showed that The maximum land subsidence recorded was approximately 10 cm per year was experienced on rice-farmed lands. Fields cultivated with rice exhibited a subsidence rate 50% higher than those with wheat") would emphasize the relationship between agricultural practices and environmental effects. Investigation of cropping pattern was showed The correlation between groundwater extraction and land subsidence was significant at p < 0.05". © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Nasiri, A.,
Khosravian, M.,
Zandi, R.,
Entezari, A.,
Baaghide, M. The Egyptian Journal Of Remote Sensing And Space Sciences (11109823)26(3)pp. 851-861
In recent decades, severe climate change, decreased precipitation, temperature rise, and increased evapotranspiration (ET) have significantly reduced waterbodies. Furthermore, governments have prioritized the study of water level fluctuations of lakes to protect them from degradation nationally and regionally. The present study investigated the physical changes in lakes Bakhtegan and Tashk due to climatic parameters. To this end, Landsat satellite imagery and the NDWI were employed to calculate the area of the waterbodies from 1986 to 2018. The results showed that the area had decreased during the study period– since 2009, Lake Bakhtegan had dried up completely. In 2008 and 2010, the lowest precipitation was 127.82 and 107.7 mm, respectively. During the study period (1986 to 2018), the average temperature was 19.44 °C, with an increase of 0.6 °C. Among the climatic parameters, precipitation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.55, and potential evapotranspiration (PET), with a correlation coefficient of about −0.68, were more strongly correlated with changes in the area of the waterbodies. To predict temperature and precipitation in the study area in the coming decades (2020–2050), the HadCM2 model of the CORDEX Project -WAS (South Asia) was used under two scenarios: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. These scenarios revealed the decrease in precipitation and increase in temperature trends. As a result, the waterbodies’ areas were estimated using the projected precipitation and PET for the period 2050–2020, indicating a decrease in the areas of the waterbodies. © 2023 National Authority of Remote Sensing & Space Science
Nasiri, A.,
Khosravian, M.,
Zandi, R.,
Entezari, A.,
Baaghide, M. Environmental Earth Sciences (18666299)82(19)
Conventional methods are inefficient and costly when it comes to collecting information on changes in water level and land surface temperatures (LST). Whereas, satellite data can be used to comprehensively investigate these parameters. By duplicating telemetry data at different times, it is possible to identify and study variable and dynamic phenomena in the environment. Overall, any change in the land surface has severe effects on the weather in these areas. Drying inland lakes is one of the emerging meteorological problems, such as the drying of Bakhtegan and Tashk lakes. The purpose of this research is the changes in Tashk and Bakhtegan lakes. In this study, Landsat 5–8 satellite data and the NDWI index were used to calculate the area of Tashk and Bakhtegan lakes from 1986 to 2018. During the study period, the area of the aforementioned lakes decreased significantly, so Lake Bakhtegan has dried up completely since 2009. As a result of coding LST in the Google Earth Engine system, the average land surface temperature has increased from 22.1 °C in 1986 to 30.34 °C in 2018, an increase of more than 8 °C. Furthermore, using the Grace satellite data and studying the change in groundwater level, it has been found that the highest rate of groundwater drop occurred in 2017 by 20 cm, and there is a general decreasing trend of more than 8 cm/year. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Zandi, R.,
Zanganeh, Y.,
Karami, M.,
Khosravian, M. The Egyptian Journal Of Remote Sensing And Space Sciences (11109823)25(4)pp. 1069-1088
In recent years, climate change has caused an increase in the air temperature and consequently the temperature of the earth's surface. The temperature of the earth's surface has had various effects on urban life and has caused the formation of thermal islands in cities. Thermal islands are one of the important criteria in regional planning. The city of Shiraz is considered to be a large population center in the southwest of Iran on the one hand and one of the important tourism centers of Iran on the other hand, so the purpose of this research is to monitor the spatial form of thermal islands in this city. The satellite images of Shiraz city were first collected and extracted in the hot periods of the year from 1985-to 2020 using the data of Landsat's 4 and 5 (TM), 7 (ETM+), and 8 (OLI/TIRS). After required preprocessing, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and the urban heat dispersion index were determined by the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI). The regions with UHI, the variation of the temperature in the city, and the relationship between the LST and surface vegetation were evaluated based on the results of image processing to determine the UHIs of Shiraz. The temporal variations of the temperature pattern of Shiraz city indicated that about 12.76 km2 was added to the area of the fourth temperature class from 1985 to 2020. Results of NDVI evaluation in the studied period showed a decline in the vegetation from 22.28 km2 in 1985 to 17.54 km2 in 2020 due to alteration of the land use which can explain the formation and increase of the UHIs in the mentioned regions. At the beginning of the investigated period (1985), the temperature of the earth's surface was 17°Celsius and reached 21°Celsius at the end of the period (2020). The monitoring of the spatial form of the surface temperature of the earth shows that heat islands are moving from the outskirts of the city towards the city center. UTFVI also revealed that the awful regions (very hot temperatures) are mainly concentrated in the west and north-west to the south west of Shiraz (including some parts of districts 9 and 10), south east of district 7, and north of district 1. © 2022 National Authority of Remote Sensing & Space Science
Khodaie, A.,
Pahlavani, A.,
Ghelichipour, Z.,
Zandi, R. Watershed Engineering and Management (22519300)14(1)pp. 40-54
The protection and management of each user in different areas should be based on ecological conditions, which can be achieved by assessing the ecological potential in each area. Assessing ecological potential means examining the potential power of the land and determining its natural use by humans. The main purpose of this study is to identify the ecological potential in Khodaafarin City with an area of 161,607 ha, using the multi-criteria assessment method, the common land management model of Dr. Makhdoom and using GIS. In this study, after identifying ecological resources (sustainable and unstable), the resources were analyzed and summarized. Then, in the software environment (ArcGIS 10.6), the information layers were combined and then the maps were evaluated. Finally, according to the existing values, the potential strengths and bottlenecks of the region were estimated and the permitted uses were prioritized in the region. As a result, after combining the necessary maps and correcting them, the environmental capacities and ecological potential of the region were estimated as area (percentage) in Khodaafarin City. According to the objectives of the research, areas prone to segregation of aquaculture-agriculture (2.65), aquaculture-rangeland management (0.14), aquaculture-urban and rural development (0.2), aquaculture-extensive tourism (0.049), conservation-extensive tourism (0.45), conservation-forestry (0.12), centralized tourism-forestry (0.021), aquaculture (6.34), extensive tourism (12.61), centralized tourism (2.64), rangeland management (33.1), agriculture (7.51), conservation (13.57), urban, rural and industrial development (1.8), forestry (18.8) were zoned and identified. The results also showed that the highest potential is related to the rangeland management with an area of 61567.55 ha of which less than 50% (30457 ha) is consistent with the current conditions. © 2022, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, All rights reserved.
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing (09743006)50(5)pp. 833-847
As one of the most significant aspects of rapid growth without urban planning, reduction in vegetation is often replaced by unauthorized surfaces such as buildings and other impervious surfaces. Karaj metropolis is one of the significant urban areas located 20 km west of Tehran with such rapid growth. The present study evaluates the temporal-spatial variations of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and the Urban Liveability Index (ULI). It also seeks to examine the Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) using the data of the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) over 32 years (1987–2019). The Fractal Net Evolution Approach (FNEA) was employed to calculate UHIs, and the deductive Environmental Critical Condition (ECI) method based on LST and NDVI was used for probing the urban environmental situation. The results indicated that the average LST in Karaj metropolis is between 22 and 35 °C. Furthermore, in 1990, the standard deviation of the LST was increased so that more than seven °C was observed for LST. Analysis of temperature zones and their effective parameters such as construction, transportation, and road construction in Karaj metropolis shows a significant negative correlation between LST and NDVI and a positive one between LST and constructed urban areas. © 2022, Indian Society of Remote Sensing.
Geoheritage (18672477)14(4)
Geodiversity is a landscape property linked to the heterogeneity of physical features across the Earth’s surface. It refers to the wide span of diversity in geological features and phenomena, resembling the concept of biodiversity in natural living organisms (including plants and animals). Hosting highly complex geological phenomena and features, Iran exhibits high degrees of geodiversity. The present study aims to evaluate the geodiversity in pretty virgin natural areas for developing geotourism spaces, attracting tourists, and expanding ecosystems in the Noorabad basin. The case study is part of sub-basins (SWs) in Hendijan and Jarahi, located northwest of the Fars Province, southwestern Iran. The methodology of this research is based on analytic techniques and field surveys. For this purpose, we began by preparing topographic position indicator (TPI), climatology, geology, and morphology layers, then calculating diversity and richness indexes. Finally, the layers were compiled to come up with a final map of five geodiversity indexes, including patch richness density (PRD), Simpson’s roughness index (SIEI), Shannon’s roughness index (SHEI), Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), and Simpson’s diversity index (SIDI). The results showed that the geodiversity was higher in the SW1 due to the higher diversity of this zone in terms of lithology, geomorphology, and climatology. In the SW1, the values of PRD, SIEI, SHEI, SHDI, and SIDI were estimated at 0.31, 0.81, 0.68, 1.56, and 0.87, respectively. This geodiversity in the southern part of the Noorabad basin has leveraged tourism development in this area. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Association for the Conservation of Geological Heritage.
Watershed Engineering and Management (22519300)14(4)pp. 549-562
Occurrence of numerous floods in different regions of the country has always caused a lot of damages in various fields. Therefore, it seems necessary to prepare and compile a comprehensive plan in the field of flood control. The study area is influenced by the Mediterranean climate and within the radius of the Caspian and Caucasian climates. Due to the high altitude differences, it has a variety of climates and high variability in rainfall, and known as one of the areas exposed to destructive floods. The purpose of this study is to identify flood prone areas based on multi-criteria decision making and neural network model in Khodaafarin Watershed. For this purpose, according to the factors affecting the occurrence of floods, the information layers of the region including Curve Number (CN), Gravilius coefficient, runoff height, precipitation, distance from waterway, soil retention, waterways, slope, drainage density, geology and vegetation, according to the study of maps, reports, satellite images and field surveys. In order to weight the criteria in the present study, network analysis method (ANP) and Super Decisions software were used. The factor of runoff height with the amount of 0.241, slope with the amount of 0.207 and precipitation with the weight of 0.169 were the most important in relation to flood occurrence. Finally, by combining these layers according to their weight in the GIS environment, a flood risk zoning map was extracted in five classes. The results also showed that, 43 square kilometers (3% of the area) of the watershed is in the very high flood risk class and 288 square kilometers (18% of the area) in the high flood risk calss. More than 21% of the area is among the areas with high and very high flood potential. Therefore, it seems that the need for surface water management in the region in order to prevent floods and the proper use of water in the region is necessary. © 2022, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Urban Climate (22120955)37
Examining the land surface temperature (LST) and its mechanism is very significant for urban planning.The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting the surface temperature of urban areas of Shiraz. The OLS and GWR were used o determine the effective factors. Also, satellite data of Landsat 8 for summer 2019 were used to obtain the surface temperature of Shiraz. To this end, the Landsat 8 satellite images of Shiraz urban districts during Summer 2019, were prepared. First, the LST and vegetation was extracted from the images. Before performing the regression model between the LST as the dependent variable and geographical variables such as slope, slope gradient, elevation, distance to rivers, direct and indirect solar radiation, sunshine duration, and Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) as independent variables, the component analysis method was employed to eliminate collinearity and dependence relations among independent variables and reducing variables. Four significant components that had eigenvalues above one and about 86.75% of the variance of the initial variables were selected, which included the significance of (direct, indirect, general) solar radiation, the direction of slope, distance to rivers, vegetation, and slope gradient, respectively. In the next step, the regression analysis was performed between the components and the LST via the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). The results showed that GWR has better performance in showing the spatial distribution of LSTs in Shiraz. Shiraz UHIs correspond to the airport and the dirt and barren districts around the city, which are often non-residential. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Earth Science Informatics (18650473)14(4)pp. 2133-2144
During the past years, land subsidence due to different reasons such as uncontrolled population growth, overuse of groundwater resources, tectonic and other factors has led to numerous challenges and problems for agricultural lands, residential buildings, roads, power transmission lines, etc. Hence, it is important to monitor the rate of subsidence and address its influencing cause or causes to control and monitor risk. Sentinel-1A data were used in Sentinels Application Platform (SNAP) in this study to examine the subsidence status in the Fahlian aquifer and determine the changes in the land surface in the specified time period. Grace satellite was also used to monitor the changes in the aquifer groundwater fluctuations. OLS model was used to perform spatial analysis of parameters influencing subsidence, the results of which indicated several influencing factors. Accordingly, the greatest impact on land subsidence was related to groundwater drawdown, altitude, and vegetation with probabilities of 0.002, 0.001, and 0.001%, respectively, indicating the significance of the mentioned parameters in the subsidence of the Fahlian aquifer. The output of the CSR, JPL, and CFZ algorithms showed a drawdown trend for the groundwater level since 2009, reaching about 20 cm in 2017. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Journal of Urban Management (25890360)8(3)pp. 342-354
The present descriptive-analytical study employs a survey research method, documentary technique, and applied-developmental research design to zone the 18 neighborhoods of Sabzevar City in terms of urban poverty indicators. Data collection was done through a questionnaire distributed among a sample with the size of 384 participants selected from for citizens of 18 neighborhoods of Sabzevar City. A total of 17 urban poverty indicators were surveyed in the form of three sociocultural, economic, and access to urban services indicators. For data analysis, the analytic network process (ANP), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and spatial statistics tests were used. The results of the integration of the three economic, sociocultural, and access to urban services indicators depict that the highest urban poverty is in neighborhoods 17 and 18, 6, 14, 15, 13, 12, 11, and 9 respectively. All these neighborhoods are among the marginal neighborhoods of the city. The lowest urban poverty levels are in neighborhoods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and partly in neighborhoods 13, 14 and 16, which are part of the city's central neighborhoods, mostly including government employees, the salaried, and those with high-paying jobs. Comparing different types of urban textures via the Integrated Zoning Map of Poverty in Sabzevar City shows that urban poverty zones correspond to the areas of unofficial settlements and extension villages, and the economic poverty in the southern regions of the city is higher than other urban areas. According to the principles of Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), neighborhoods 1 and 2, which includes Southern Kashifi St., Northern Asrar St., and Imam Khomeini Blvd., is considered to be at a higher level than other areas in terms of poor urban poverty. The results of spatial statistics tests (spatial autocorrelation test and G-test) indicate the correlation and clustering of the data model or urban poverty indicators of the study area. © 2019 Zhejiang University and Chinese Association of Urban Management
Perevedentsev, P.Y.,
Shantalinskii, K.M.,
Zandi, R.,
Aukhadeev, T.R. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki (2542064X)157(1)pp. 7-19
Spatial and temporal changes in the temperature conditions of the Persian Gulf region (27.5-40° N, 37.5-55.0° E) have been considered. The study is based on the reanalysis of near-surface air temperature, mass fraction of water vapour, atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level, and wind speed. Statistical processing of the material, as well as construction of linear trends and low-frequency components of the filtered meteoparameters with oscillations for periods of less than 10 years, has revealed certain trends of long-period changes in the basic climatic indicators. It has been demonstrated that the temperature tends to increase in July, whereas the characteristics of air humidity and wind speed, on the contrary, decrease. In addition, the bioclimatic indices ("heat index", effective temperature, etc.) point to a worsening of the climatic conditions, which affects human health. © 2015 Kazan Federal University. All rights reserved.
Perevedentsev, P.Y.,
Shantalinskii, K.M.,
Aukhadeev, T.R.,
Ismagilov n.v., ,
Zandi, R. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki (2542064X)156(2)pp. 156-169
The paper describes spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric pressure fields, air temperature and wind speed in the troposphere of the Northern Hemisphere over the period from 1948 to 2013. The southern oscillation in the subequatorial Pacific Ocean, and also the delay of the low-frequency temperature component with respect to the changes in zonal atmospheric circulation in a latitudinal zone between 30° N and 70° N are revealed as a response in the baric fields of extra-tropical latitudes on the El Ninõ phenomenon during the winter period. The contribution of wind speed to the temperature variations reaches 60%. The reaction of air temperature in the Volga Region to the influence of a number of circulating systems is considered as an example. © 2014 Kazan Federal University. All rights reserved.
Perevedentsev, P.Y.,
Zandi, R.,
Aukhadeev, T.R.,
Shantalinskii, K.M. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki (2542064X)156(2)pp. 147-155
The article considers the origin and spatio-temporal distribution of dust storms within the territory of Khuzestan Province located in the southwestern part of Iran. It was found that approximately 75% of the dust storms occur outside the region, the rest are of local origin. The main attention is focused on the long-term features of dust storms, their duration, annual and daily cycle, and horizontal visibility deterioration caused by dust storms. The analysis of state and variability of temperature conditions in the region over the past few decades showed that in winter temperature experiences temporary fluctuations, and there is a clear upward trend in summer. © 2014 Kazan Federal University. All rights reserved.
Perevedentsev, P.Y.,
Zandi, R.,
Aukhadeev, T.R. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki (2542064X)155(4)pp. 144-156
This study considers spatiotemporal changes in the main climatic characteristics (air temperature and humidity, atmospheric precipitation, and wind velocity) in the southwest of Iran within 1951–2010, using the data of meteorological observations from 13 stations. The frequency of anomalies (of varying intensity) in meteorological values and the degree of dryness of the region’s climate are estimated. A general tendency of temperature rise throughout the year, especially in August, and the unstable nature of wind regime are revealed. © 2013 Kazan Federal University. All rights reserved.
