Articles
Publication Date: 2024/09/08
Journal of Philosophical Theological Research (17359791)
Protagoras often has been considered as a relativist because he believed that man is the measure of all things (MM). This paper aims to show that focusing on MM and ignoring his other claims, which should be taken as epistemologically important as MM, has been at the bottom of this interpreation. First, in order to weaken the relativistic account, it has been shown that the only interpretation of MM is not a relativistic one. Then, focusing on the other epistemological fragments attributed to Protagoras, it has been claimed that skeptical interpretation is a more consistent reading of Protagoras, since MM can be read as a skeptical fragment but the others cannot be interpreted as relativistic slogans. The most important of these fragments which we call Protagorean epochē (PE) is doubting about being and essence of gods in a Sextan conceptual framework. Furthermore, according to this interpretation, MM is the general form of Ten Modes of Aenesidemean skeptical arguments. So it leas to suspension of judgment instead of relativism.
Publication Date: 2021/12/22
Journal of Philosophical Investigations (22517960)(37)pp. 20-41
In this paper, we first examine the reasons for opposing metaphysics. While assessing these reasons, we intend to reach a plausible stance regarding the relationship between science and metaphysics and its role and importance in scientific activity. There are different views on this old question. We argue that the interaction of metaphysics and science is a complex interaction that can only be defended in the light of a critical approach. In this critical attitude, one should not only pay attention to the role and importance of metaphysics in science but also should have an epistemic humility about his expectations of it.
