Research Output
Articles
Hashemi avanji, M.S.,
Hamed, E.,
Salari-esker, F.,
Bashiri, B. Publication Date: 2026
Journal of Biomechanics (18732380)194
During running, trunk muscles contribute to generation and transmission of mechanical power and work. The effect of trunk muscle fatigue on lower limb mechanical work and leg stiffness (Kleg) is not well known. This study aimed to examine the effects of trunk muscle fatigue on Kleg and lower limb mechanical work in recreational runners. Thirty recreational rearfoot-strike runners completed overground running trials before and after trunk muscle fatigue. From a biomechanical assessment, we calculated the Kleg, positive and negative mechanical work, and the relative contribution of mechanical work of the hip, knee, and ankle joints across the three anatomical planes. After trunk muscle fatigue, an increase in Kleg was observed. At the ankle joint, trunk muscle fatigue increased negative and positive works in the sagittal plane, while increased knee joint positive work in the sagittal and frontal planes. In the sagittal plane, trunk muscle fatigue decreased knee joint negative work relative contribution and hip joint positive work relative contribution, and increased ankle joint positive work relative contribution. Increases in knee joint positive work relative contribution in the frontal plane, and hip joint positive work relative contribution in the horizontal plane were observed. It is evident from the findings that compensatory changes in lower-limb biomechanics occur in response to trunk muscle fatigue. This could include increased stiffness and redistribution of joint mechanical work, particularly toward distal joints. Such adaptations highlight the role of trunk stability in running performance and injury prevention, emphasizing the importance of trunk endurance in training programs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Publication Date: 2025
PLoS ONE (19326203)20(5 May)
Knee and ankle injuries are the most common injuries in handball players. Many of these injuries occur toward the end of the game when fatigue sets in. The underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon are not well understood. This study investigated the effect of a handball match-simulation protocol on the hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) and evertor-to-invertor (E:I) peak torque ratios. Thirty professional male handball players from Iranian super league teams participated in this study. Isokinetic concentric peak torque of the hamstrings, quadriceps, ankle invertor, and ankle evertors were measured at angular velocities of 60, 120, and 180 deg/s before and after the simulated handball match-induced fatigue protocol using a Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer. Peak torque ratio of H:Q and E:I were calculated and compared between pre- and post-fatigue conditions. Fatigue significantly reduced H:Q peak torque ratio at 60 (p=0.049), 120 (p=0.002) and 180 (p=0.014) deg/s, as well as E:I peak torque ratio at 60 (p=0.010), 120 (p=0.003) and 180 (p=0.003) deg/s. These changes could contribute to an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and lateral ankle sprains. Given the greater reduction in the H:Q peak torque ratio in hamstring muscles, targeted strengthening and improving the endurance of these muscles is recommended for professional handball players to mitigate fatigue effects. © 2025 Dastjerdi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Publication Date: 2025
Sports Biomechanics (17526116)
Despite advances in footwear industry, running related injuries (RRI) rate is high in female runners. Selection of proper shoe is a big challenge for runners. We aimed to compare the effects of running-induced fatigue on ground reaction forces and free moments while using neutral (N-Shoes), motion control (MC-Shoes), and minimalist shoes (M-Shoes) in forefoot runner females. Twenty recreational female forefoot runners completed fatiguing treadmill running protocol using M-Shoes, MC-Shoes and N-Shoes in three separated sessions. Participants ran on a runway at 3.3 m/s before and after fatiguing protocol in each session. Using N-shoes increased peak lateral force, peak braking force, peak propulsive force, peak vertical force, peak positive free moment, peak negative free moment, load rate, medio-lateral impulse, antero-posterior impulse and vertical impulse. Using MC-shoes, increased peak vertical and peak braking forces and vertical impulse, and decreased peak lateral force and peak negative and positive free moments. While, using M-shoes increased peak braking forces. Minimalist shoes maintain pre-fatigue ground reaction forces and free moments during fatigued running compared to neutral and motion control shoes in female forefoot runners. Using minimalist shoes is recommended to decrease exacerbated running-induced fatigue effects in forefoot runner females. © 2025 International Society of Biomechanics in Sports.
