Journal of Ferrocement (01251759)26(2)pp. 85-94
Ferrocement is a type of thin wall reinforced concrete construction where real composite action between the matrix phases and the reinforcement exists. This composite action results in excellent control of cracking, high tensile strength and durability [1]. This investigation is concerning with the experimental and theoretical behavior of ferrocement under tension. The effects of different arrangements of mesh reinforcement, with particular respect to the specimen thickness and mortar cover, on the cracking behavior and both first crack strength and ultimate strength were studied. The mechanical properties of the wire mesh and mortar which was used in this investigation were also studied. The results show that, under direct tension, the strength of ferrocement at first crack and ultimate load is not affected significantly by the arrangement of the reinforcement. However, specimens having reinforcement evenly distributed with minimum cover showed reduced crack widths and an increased number of small cracks at failure. The contribution of the tensile strength of the mortar and the specimen thickness on first crack strength is considered to be significant, while it can be considered negligible at ultimate strength.
Journal of Ferrocement (01251759)26(1)pp. 21-31
The aim of this paper is to review and compare various analytical procedures which have been developed to predict the ultimate moment of ferrocement under flexure. One such procedure has been used as the basis of the computer program FAOFERRS, which has then been used to compare predictions with experimental results for specimens having various mesh arrangements. An attempt is made to predict the ultimate moment for specimens reported by other investigators and the results are compared and discussed.
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Emami, A.,
Emami, A.,
Saeidi, M.,
Saeidi, M.,
Jafarian, A.,
Jafarian, A. Iranian Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research (17350328)(2)pp. 107-110
It has been reported that several conifers possess cytotoxic activities on some human tumor cell lines. Taxol as a natural cytotoxic compound has been extracted from this family. In a program to screen the cytotoxic effects of natural resources, male and female branchlets, fruit or bark of two different species of Iranian conifers were collected, identified and the cytotoxic effects of their hydroalcoholic extracts on three human tumor cell lines were determined. Different concentrations of extracts were added to cultured cells and incubated for 72 h. Cell survival was evaluated using MTT assay. Extracts from bark of female Taxus baccata showed inhibitory activities against Hela cells. The extracts of the branchlets of male and female T. baccata and branchlets of Cupressus horizentalis showed inhibitory activities against MDA-MB-468 cells, whereas the extracts of branchlets of female T. baccata showed inhibitory activities against KB cells. In conclusion, extract obtained from the bark of Iranian T. baccata showed a comparable cytotoxic effect to doxorubicin against Hela cells. © 2003, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. All rights reserved.
Daru Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences (15608115)(3)pp. 82-87
Majority of the currently available anticancer drugs are designed to have selective toxicity to rapidly dividing cells. Among these agents the focus of many studies are compounds obtained from natural products with high therapeutic index. In this study the cytotoxicity of HESA-A, a marine compound, on cancer and normal cells was evaluated. HESA-A was prepared in normal saline as a stock solution (0.8 mg/ml, pH=7.4), sterilized and further diluted to final concentrations of 0.4, 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 mg/ml. Cells (MDA-MB-468, Hep-2, Hela as cancer cells; L929 and McCoy as normal cells) were grown in completed RPMI 1640 and seeded in 96 well micro plates at a concentration of 1-5 × 104 cells/ml. After incubation for 24 h, different concentrations of HESA-A were added and cells were further incubated for 72 h. Using MTT assay, percent cell survival was determined by ELISA at 540 nm. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control (20 μg /ml). HESA-A (0.4 mg/ml) reduced the number of viable MDA-MB-468 and Hela cells to less than 50%. For Hep-2 cells the IC 50 was 0.8 mg/ml. In normal cells IC50 could not be obtained at any given concentrations. These results suggest that HESA-A in therapeutic doses and in a concentration dependent manner inhibits the growth of cancer cells more selectively than normal cells.
Zarghi, A.,
Zarghi, A.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Fassihi, A.,
Fassihi, A.,
Faizi m., ,
Faizi m., ,
Shafiee a., ,
Shafiee a., Farmaco (0014827X)(11)pp. 1077-1081
Alkyl ester analogues of nifedipine, in which the ortho-nitrophenyl group at position 4 is replaced by 2-methylthio-1-phenylamino-5-imidazolyl substituent, were synthesized and evaluated as calcium-channel antagonists using the high K+ contraction of guinea-pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. The results for the symmetrical esters showed that in the series of alkyl esters increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units decreases activity. In the phenylalkyl ester series increasing the length of methylene chain also decreases activity. The results demonstrate that most of the compounds had similar activity to the reference drug nifedipine. In addition, two compounds, 5b and 5f were more active than the nifedipine. © 2003 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Tabarzadi, M.,
Tabarzadi, M.,
Zarghi, A.,
Zarghi, A. Farmaco (0014827X)(8)pp. 645-649
The antitumor activity of dihydroxyanthracenediones such as mitoxantrone on a panel of cancer cell lines during the last 30 years, led investigators to synthesize thousands of anthracycline analogs and test their cytotoxicity to identify compounds superior to the parent drugs in terms of increased therapeutic effectiveness, reduced toxicity or both. To achieve this, new synthesized congeners either have different side arms or have extra rings on their skeletons. Following these studies, we proposed total synthesis of 2-amino-N-[4-(2-amino-3-hydroxy-propionylamino)-9,10-dioxo-9, 10-dihydroanthracene-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-propionamide (V) and 6-amino-hexanoic acid [4-(5-amino-pentanoylamino)-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydro-anthracen-1-yl]-amide (VI). Acetylation of 1,4-diaminobenzene using acetyl chloride and reaction with phthalic anhydride under a Friedel-Crafts reaction and then cyclization gave 1, 4-diamino-anthraquinone. This compound was reacted with two amino acids (L-serine and 6-amino hexanoic acid) in their ester forms, using ethyl chloroformate as a coupling agent. Hydrolyzing esterified compounds gave their amino substituted derivatives. These compounds with diamine side arms are supposed to provide better intercalation with DNA. Synthesized novel ametantrone derivatives were tested against a panel of cancer cells (KB, Hela, MDA-MB-468 and K562), using MTT assay. The results showed that tested compounds inhibited the growth of cancer cells at micromolar concentrations. However, compound (VI) was more cytotoxic than compound (V) probably because of its longer side chains and better intercalation with DNA. © 2004 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Pharmaceutical Biology (13880209)(4-5)pp. 367-373
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women in most Western countries. In the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, doxorubicin has the broadest spectrum of antitumor activity of any drug currently available but produces a dose-dependent cardiomyopathy that limits its clinical usefulness. The aim of this research project was to target the affected tissues, which contain estrogen receptors (ERs). Initially, a series of estrogen derivatives with side chains linked at the 3- and 17-positions of estrone were synthesized, and then novel anticancer prodrugs were obtained from these by further linking these compounds to doxorubicin by means of various alkyl spacer groups. These estrogenic prodrugs were designed to target tumor cells containing ERs, found in human breast cancer cells, and to release the active anticancer moiety when internalized. The estrogenic prodrugs were then biologically evaluated using in vitro chemosensitivity assays against human ER-positive (MCF-7) and ER-negative (MCF-7ADR and MT-1) breast tumor cells and a leukemia (K562) cell line. The results showed that estrone derivatives with substituted aminoalcohol side chains of various lengths (2-6 carbons) linked to the 17-position of estrone were mostly inactive. Estronedoxorubicin prodrugs containing doxorubicin at the 3-position of estrone (CCRL 1042 and CCRL 1036) were relatively inactive and nonselective against all cell lines tested. However, when doxorubicin was linked to the 17-position of estrone, these prodrugs had at least an order greater activity than their 3-linked counterparts. Using a short aminoxyspacer group (2 carbons) at this position produced CCRL 1035, which had a lower activity against all cell lines tested compared to doxorubicin. In contrast, the prodrug incorporating doxorubicin at the 17-position of estrone via a long spacer group (12 carbons, CCRL 1033) was both potent and selective against ER-positive cells MCF-7. These studies have shown that linking doxorubicin to the 17-position of estrone via a long alkyl spacer group conferred selectivity of cytotoxic action against ER-positive breast cancer tumor cells.
Emami, A.,
Emami, A.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Saeidi, M.,
Saeidi, M.,
Jafarian, A.,
Jafarian, A. Pharmaceutical Biology (13880209)(4)pp. 299-304
In this study, branchlets, fruit, or bark of Taxus baccata L. as well as branchlets or fruits of two other species of Iranian conifers, namely, Platycladus orientalis France and Cupressus sempervirens L. var. horizentalis (Mill) Gunde were collected, identified, and the cytotoxic effects of hydroalcoholic extracts on three human tumor cell lines were determined. Different concentrations of extracts were added to cultured cells and incubated for 72 h. Cell survival was evaluated using the MTT assay. Extracts from bark of female Taxus baccata showed inhibitory activities against Hela cells. The extracts of the branchlets of male and female T. baccata as well as obtained extract from fruits of P. orientalis showed inhibitory activities against MDA-MB-468 cells, whereas the extracts of branchlets of female T. baccata showed inhibitory activities against KB cells. In conclusion, obtained extract from bark of T. baccata showed comparable cytotoxic effect to doxorubicin against Hela cells. © 2005 Taylor & Francis Ltd.
Movahedian a., A.,
Movahedian a., A.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Ghannadi, A.,
Ghannadi, A.,
Gharavi, M.,
Gharavi, M.,
Azarpajooh, S.,
Azarpajooh, S. Journal of Medicinal Food (15577600)(1)pp. 98-101
Allium porrum L. is a herbaceous plant from the Liliaceae family and has been widely used in Persian foods as a flavor component and in Iranian traditional medicine as an anti-atherogenic remedy. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antihypercholesterolemic effect of a hydroalcoholic extract of A. porrum L. bulbs. Rabbits were divided into five groups-control, hypercholesterolemic control, and three treatment groups (hypercholesterolemic diet + 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg of body weight of extract, respectively)-and were fed for 12 weeks. Blood samples were obtained to analyze plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very LDL, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Body weight increased in all groups throughout the treatment without significant differences among them. Plasma total cholesterol increased with respect to the control in the positive control group at the end of the treatment. Plasma total cholesterol decreased in all groups treated with A. porrum extract in a dose-dependent fashion. Changes in the distribution of cholesterol in HDL or LDL were found, and LDL cholesterol decreased significantly in all of the groups treated with A. porrum extract with respect to the hypercholesterolemic group. Thus, these findings indicate that this plant may be useful for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Deserts exist on every continent of the globe and cover more than 30% of the Earth's land surface. Although they typically do not have a large number of inhabitants, they are often the loci of economic and cultural activity. For example, the oil-producing nations of the Middle East are all found within a single arid region. At the same time, deserts tend to be fragile ecosystems, requiring little in the way of perturbations in order to cause tremendous changes in the landscape. The size, remoteness, and harsh nature of many of the world's deserts make it difficult and expensive to map or monitor these landscapes or to determine the effect of land use on them. Remote sensing is potentially a time- and cost effective way to fulfill these goals. In this research, we will discuss the uses and limitations of remote sensing in the world's deserts. The discussion will center on using remote sensing to detect and monitor landscape change and degradation in arid regions. Because vegetation is often linked to both the causes and consequences of arid land degradation, our discussion will further focus on the retrieval of vegetation parameters. In this paper, examples of successful applications of remote sensing to arid regions are given. Also, limitations and important considerations of remote sensing in arid regions are discussed. Ultimately, atmospheric remote sensing as it relates to land degradation in arid regions is discussed. And, a case study is presented in which various methods for estimation of vegetation cover are presented and compared.
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Chan, K.,
Chan, K.,
Lehmler, H.,
Lehmler, H.,
Robertson, L.W.,
Robertson, L.W.,
O'brien, P.J.,
O'brien, P.J. Chemico-Biological Interactions (00092797)(3)pp. 184-192
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and PCB metabolites are highly lipophilic and accumulate easily in the lipid bilayer and fat deposits of the body. The molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of these metabolites are still not understood. The aim of the present study was to compare the cytotoxicity and toxicological properties of six dihydroxylated metabolites using isolated rat hepatocytes. All of the metabolites were more cytotoxic than 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-ClBP) and less cytotoxic than phenyl hydroquinone (PHQ). The order of cytotoxic effectiveness of catecholic metabolites expressed as LC50 (2 h) was 3′,4′-diCl-2,3-diOH-biphenyl > PHQ > 4′-Cl-2,5-diOH-biphenyl, 4′-Cl-2,3-diOH-biphenyl > 2′,5′-diCl-3,4-diOH-biphenyl > 2′,3′-diCl-3,4-diOH-biphenyl > 3′,4′-diCl-3,4-diOH-biphenyl > 4′Cl-3,4-diOH-biphenyl > 4′-Cl-biphenyl; showing that the positions of hydroxyl and chlorine groups were important for their hepatotoxicity and that the two 2,3-diOH congeners were the most cytotoxic. Cytotoxicity for 3,4-diOH metabolites correlated with the number and position of chlorine atoms with the more chlorine atoms being more cytotoxic. The cytotoxic order of metabolites with two chlorine atoms being 2′,5′ > 2′,3′ > 3′,4′. Borneol, an uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) inhibitor, increased the cytotoxicity of all tested metabolites; suggesting that glucuronidation was a major mechanism of elimination of these compounds. On the other hand entacapone, a catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor, only increased the cytotoxicity of 3′,4′-diCl-3,4-diOH-biphenyl, 3′,4′-diCl-2,3-diOH-biphenyl and 4′-Cl-2,3-diOH-biphenyl. Hepatocyte GSH was depleted (oxidized and conjugated) by these metabolites before cytotoxicity ensued in a similar order of effectiveness to their cytotoxicity with PHQ being the most effective. Hepatocyte mitochondrial membrane potential also decreased before cytotoxicity ensued with a similar order of effectiveness as their cytotoxicity. These results suggest that catecholic cytotoxicity can be attributed to mitochondrial toxicity and oxidative stress. Semiquinone or benzoquinone species were also important in the cytotoxicity of catecholic metabolites. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Emami, A.,
Emami, A.,
Saidi, M.,
Saidi, M.,
Sadeghi, B.,
Sadeghi, B.,
Jafarian, A.,
Jafarian, A. Iranian Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research (17350328)(4)pp. 281-286
Isolation of some potent anti-tumor compounds from medicinal plants has motivated researchers to screen different parts of plant for their anti-tumor effects. It has been reported that several species of conifers posses' cytotoxic activities on some tumor cell lines. Here branchlets and berries of Juniperus foetidissima and J. sabina were collected, dried and ethanol extracts of them obtained using percolation. Extracts were dried in reduced pressure and cytotoxic effects of different concentrations (5, 10, 20 μg/ml) were evaluated by MTT assay against three tumor cell lines (Hela, KB, MDA-MB-468), using ELISA at 540 nm. The extracts of the branchlets of male and female of J.foetidissima and berries extract of J. sabina showed inhibitory activities against KB cells. Extracts of male branchlets of J. foetidissima and berries extract of J. sabina were cytotoxic (cell survival less than 50%) against Hela cell line. Regarding to MDA-MB-468, only the extract of male branchlets of J. foetidissima was cytotoxic. Extracts of J. sabina were not cytotoxic at tested concentrations. According to the results obtained by MTT assay, KB cells seem to be much more sensitive than the other cell lines. Copyright © 2009 by School of Pharmacy Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
Sagha, M.,
Sagha, M.,
Karbalaie, K.,
Karbalaie, K.,
Tanhaee, S.,
Tanhaee, S.,
Esfandiari, E.,
Esfandiari, E.,
Salehi, H.,
Salehi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Razavi, S.,
Razavi, S.,
Nasr-esfahani, M.H.,
Nasr-esfahani, M.H.,
Baharvand, H.,
Baharvand, H. Stem Cells and Development (15473287)(9)pp. 1351-1359
The role of paraxial mesoderm or the somites in decision of ectoderm to acquire the neuroepithelial fate and its subsequent diversification to functional neural subtypes especially in mammalians is obscure. Here we report, for the first time, the influence of the co-culture of alginate bead-encapsulated somites isolated from chick embryos on neural differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells-derived embryoid bodies (EBs). Using a combination of morphology, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, semiquantitative, and conventional RT-PCR techniques, we show that the somites induce rosette structures and weakly enhance neural differentiation and neural markers in a dose-dependent manner in comparison to the control group, but its effect is lower than retinoic acid treatment of EBs. By liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, it was revealed that somitic cells synthesized and released retinoids into the medium. However, no effective influence of somitic co-culture on rostrocaudal or dorsoventral patterning is seen. Therefore, like amphibians, somites have a modest neural-inducing activity in amniotes. © 2009 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Journal of Applied Sciences (discontinued) (18125654)9(18)pp. 3326-3334
In order to recognize Tehran weather types, 22 atmospheric variables are studied for Tehran synoptic station from January 1, 1978 to December 31, 2004. Cluster analysis on the standardized matrix of data and linking days on the basis of ward method shows that Tehran has four Weather Types (WT). These are- 1) Cold, frosty, rainy WT, 2) Moderate WT, 3) Warm, dry WT and 4) Cold, windy WT. Based on this study results, warm and dry WT is the most dominant and durable and cold, frosty, rainy WT is the least frequent and short-lived weather types in Tehran. Only 25.4% days of a year, moderate WT can be seen. Warm and dry period involves almost 40% days of a year Because of the dominance of Azores subtropical high pressure, Tehran's weather is much stable around this time and only warm, dry WT occurs. Because of relative increase of the warm and dry weather type in this period, Tehran's weather has become warmer. © 2009 Asian Network for Scientific lnformation.
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Asghari, G.,
Asghari, G.,
Mostafavi, A.,
Mostafavi, A.,
Esmaeili a., ,
Esmaeili a., Daru Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences (15608115)(3)pp. 192-198
Background and the purpose of the study: Taxol, a natural antitumor agent, was first isolated from the extract of the bark of Taxus brevifolia Nutt., which is potentially a limited source for Taxol. In the search of an alternative source, optimum and cost benefit extracting solvents, various solvents with different percentage were utilized to extract Taxol from needles of Taxus baccata. Methods: One g of the dried needles of Taxus baccata, collected from Torkaman and Noor cities of Iran, was extracted with pure ethanol or acetone and 50% and 20% of ethanol or acetone in water. Solvents were evaporated to dryness and the residues were dissolved in 5 ml of methanol and filtered. To one ml of the filtrate was added 50 μl of cinamyl acetate as the internal standard and 20 μl of the resulting solution was subjected to the HPLC to determine the extraction efficiencies of tested solvents. Five μl of filtrate was also subjected to the LC-MS using water/acetonitrile (10/90) as mobile phase and applying positive electrospray ionization (ESI) to identify the authenticity of Taxol. Results: Results of this study indicated that Taxol extraction efficiency was enhanced as the percentage of ethanol or acetone was increased. HPLC analysis showed that Taxol could be quantified by UV detection using standard curve. The standard curve covering the concentration ranges of 7.8 - 500 μg/ml was linear (r2= 0.9992) and CV% ranged from 0.52 to 15.36. LC-MS analysis using ESI in positive-ion mode confirmed the authenticity of Taxol (m/z 854; M+H), as well as some adduct ions such as M+Na (m/z 876), M+K (m/z 892) and M+CH3CN+H2O (m/z 913). Conclusions: The results suggest that 100% acetone is the best solvent for the extraction of Taxol from Taxus baccata needles.
The metabolically active tumor cells may be characterized by a pronounced adenosine release that regulates the growth and development of the tumor. Consequently, the expression pattern of defined receptor subtypes will be an important determinant for specific effects of adenosine on the control of tumor cell growth. In recent studies, the expression profile, signal transduction, molecular function and cell growth modulation of adenosine receptors in the human breast cancer cell lines has been reported. To investigate the possible roles of adenosine receptors in other types of human cancers, in this study, we characterized the expression profile of adenosine receptors in two different human cancer cell lines: prostate carcinoma cell line (Du-145) and lung adenocarcinoma cell line (Calu-6). Our purpose is to test the hypothesis that diverse human cancer cell lines, according to their adenosine receptor subclass status, would show differential growth modulation. Methods: RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed to cDNA. PCR primers were synthesized from human adenosine receptor cDNA sequences. PCR was performed under optimized condition for each receptor subtype. The PCR products were separated on agarose gels. Results: All two human cancer cell lines studied contained detectable amounts of mRNA specific for adenosine receptor except A3 subtypes. Conclusion: In conclusion the differentially expressed genes identified in this study might provide new insights into the possible roles of adenosine receptors on cell growth and development.
Almodaresi S.A.,
Entezari M.,
Ramesht M.H.,
Boloor A.,
Almodaresi S.A.,
Entezari M.,
Ramesht, M.H.,
Boloor A. 2025 29th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, CSICC 2025pp. 236-240
This research attempts to zonate the Marbor River domain in the south of Semirom city with an area of 1438 km2 using multivariate statistical methods because of increasing instability of the slopes and landslide phenomena, to prevent it from human and financial damages. Therefore, by collecting required information on landslides dispersion in the region, landslide dispersion map is provided by preparing six informative layers which includes slope, aspect, lithology, land use, distance from the road, and precipitation rate. These layers were then intersected, whereby 1365 homogeneous land units were obtained. After that, the homogeneous units map was intersected with the landslide dispersion map. Finally, a 1365 × 22 matrix was prepared with values 0 and 1.0 denotes orders with landslide and 1 without landslide. Then, this matrix was included into SPSS application and linear regression and discriminate analysis methods were used to calculate and analyze the data. Afterwards, we analyzed the accuracy and precision of each method (P, QS). In conclusion, it is clear that linear regression method is more accurate and precise than the discriminate analyses. It is recommended, thus, to use the former in landslide hazard zonation. © 2010 IEEE.
Palizaban, A.,
Palizaban, A.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Abdollahpour f., ,
Abdollahpour f., Research In Pharmaceutical Sciences (17355362)(2)pp. 119-125
The anti-cancer activity of metal ions in the lanthanide group is being considered recently. It has been reported that cerium salts might stimulate the metabolism and therefore, produce anti-cancer effects. However, little is known about the effects of protein-cerium complex in controlling cancer cell growth. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the possible pathways for the cytotoxic effect of cerium in the presence of apo-transferrin on two cancer cell lines (Hela and MCF-7), that express transferrin receptors 3-4 fold higher than normal cells. The effect of different concentrations of cerium (0.1, 1, 10, 100 μM) in the presence and absence of transferrin for 48 h and 72 h incubation periods (37°C, 5% CO2 and 95 humidity) was studied using the MTT assay. The results showed that cerium has a cell-proliferation inhibitory activity which is significantly increased by transferrin protein. Compared with the direct treatment of cancer cells with cerium, the presence of transferrin assisted inhibition of cell proliferation by 20% and 40% in Hela and MCF-7 cells, respectively. Though apo-transferrin could lightly induce cell growth particularly in MCF-7 cells by itself, this phenomenon could not overcome the cerium-protein cell-proliferation inhibition activity. In conclusion, our results indicate that at a certain concentration, the cerium compounds could be possibly involved in the control of cell proliferation and inhibiting the growth of cancer cells.
Heidarkhan tehrani, A.,
Heidarkhan tehrani, A.,
Zadhoush, A.,
Zadhoush, A.,
Karbasi, S.,
Karbasi, S.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (15734838)(11)pp. 2989-2998
Fibrous scaffolds of engineered structures can be chosen as promising porous environments when an approved criterion validates their applicability for a specific medical purpose. For such biomaterials, this paper sought to investigate various structural characteristics in order to determine whether they are appropriate descriptors. A number of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) scaffolds were electrospun; each of which possessed a distinguished architecture when their material and processing conditions were altered. Subsequent culture of mouse fibroblast cells (L929) was carried out to evaluate the cells viability on each scaffold after their attachment for 24 h and proliferation for 48 and 72 h. The scaffolds' porosity, pores number, pores size and distribution were quantified and none could establish a relationship with the viability results. Virtual reconstruction of the mats introduced an authentic criterion, "Scaffold Percolative Efficiency" (SPE), with which the above descriptors were addressed collectively. It was hypothesized to be able to quantify the efficacy of fibrous scaffolds by considering the integration of porosity and interconnectivity of the pores. There was a correlation of 80% as a good agreement between the SPE values and the spectrophotometer absorbance of viable cells; a viability of more than 350% in comparison to that of the controls. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Ground water, according to higher reliance coefficient and less fluctuations, has been used for many years. Precipitation is a major supplier of underground water resources and aquifers. So any changes in rainfall amount fluctuate underground water table depth. Occurrence of drought is the most important reason for the decrease of water table. To analyze the role of drought on underground water in Shahrekord plain rainfall and water table level were used during 1984-2008 period. The resualts shows a strong correlation between precipitation and water table. The Pearson correlation coefficent (r) is 0.80. The results showed that the water volume of Shahrekord plain greatly depends on the rainfall. So drought event causes the water resources crisis in this region. © SGEM2011 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.
Pharmaceutical Sciences (23832886)16(4)pp. 229-238
Objectives: The medicinal plant of Avicennia marina has been used widely in traditional medicine for treatment of skin disease and rheumatoid in Iran. The present investigation was carried out to study the anticancer effects of different crude extracts of A. marina's leaves against breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB 231). Methods: MDA-MB 231 and L929 healthy cells were separately cultured in RPMI-1640 medium completed with 10% fetal calf serum and penicillin / streptomycin (50 IU/ml and 50 μg/ ml respectively). Collected leaves were dried and powdered, then were soaked in five solvents with different lipophilicity. The cytotoxic effects of different concentration of crude extracts on cultured cells were measured using the MTT assay. Chromosomal DNA was extracted, isolated and resolved using agarose gel electrophoresis. Result: Methanolic extract exerted higher anti-cancer activity on human breast cancer cells compared with other extracts. IC50 of the methanolic extract was measured at 480 μg/ml. Furthermore, the methanol extract induced a significant growth inhibition and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner on MDA-MB 231 as human cancer cells but there was no significant effect against L929 as normal cells. Methanolic extract showed time dependent growth inhibition effect so that, after 24, 48, and 72 h treatment cell growth was inhibited by 40%, 44%, and 59%, respectively. Conclusion: The present results suggest that valuable cytotoxic components could be isolated from this plant by partitioning methanol crude extract. Further investigations are underway in this regard.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595)29(125)
Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world and it is expected to be the main cause of death by 2020. The aim of this study was providing geographical distribution map of the rate of death caused by cardiovascular diseases in the cities of Isfahan province, Iran, during 2005 to 2009. Methods: The rate of all the deaths in Isfahan province within 2005 to 2009 was provided. The collected data was used to find out the rate of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases and preparing geographical distribution maps. Then, by putting down the death rates for different sexes (men and women), the geographical distribution map for deaths with regards to cardiovascular diseases was drawn. Finding: Death rates due to cardiovascular problems were higher in main and central cities of the province. Death rate was higher in men than women. Conclusion: The observed model main and central cities is probably due to unsuitable diet, lack of motion, using new technologies and environmental pollutions including existence of some elements due to environmental pollutants such as industries, transportations of vehicles and air pollution, which are more prevalent in the main cities of the province. Also, due to existence of medical university centers and more health facilities in the main cities of the province, such as Isfahan, Najafabad, Borkhar and Maymeh, the registration system for deaths and diagnosing the causes of deaths are more accurate than other cities and towns of the province. The difference between two sexes could be due to in heritage, male hormones, some social factors, increasing fat around abdomen in men, exciting or even offensive behaviors in men, ignoring weight increase in men as compared to women and smoking.
Saghaei, L.,
Saghaei, L.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Kafiri m., ,
Kafiri m., Research In Pharmaceutical Sciences (17355362)(2)
A series of 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives (HPOs) were synthesized and their partition coefficient values (Kpart) were determined. The cytotoxic effects of these iron chelators against Hela cancer cells were also evaluated. The IC50 of HPOs was determined using MTT assay. Among these ligands, compound 4e (Kpart=5.02) with an IC50 of 30 μM and 4f (Kpart=0.1) with an IC50 of 700 μM showed the lowest and highest IC50s, respectively. In conclusion, the introduction of a more hydrophobic functional group (such as butyl in compound 4e) on the nitrogen of pyridinone ring resulted in higher cytotoxic activity of ligands.
Mirian, M.,
Mirian, M.,
Zarghi, A.,
Zarghi, A.,
Sadeghi, S.,
Sadeghi, S.,
Tabaraki, P.,
Tabaraki, P.,
Tavallaee, M.,
Tavallaee, M.,
Dadrass, O.,
Dadrass, O.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H. Iranian Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research (17350328)(4)pp. 741-748
Sulfonamides are the first effective chemotherapeutic agents used for several years to cure or prevent systemic bacterial infections. In addition, this agents showed anti-carbonic anhydrase and cause cell cycle perturbation in the G1 phase, disruption of microtubule assembly, suppression of the transcription activator Nf-Y, angiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). In recent years, novel synthesized sulfonamides have been introduced as antitumor, antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents. In this paper, the cytotoxic effects of 8 synthesized sulfonamides were investigated by MTT assay on HeLa, MDA-MD-468 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Human cancer cells were cultured and passaged in RPMI-1640 medium. Cells incubated in 96-well plates in a concentration of 1 × 105 cells/mL for 24 h, and then logarithmic concentrations (0.1 μm, 1 μm, 10 μm, 100 μm, 1mM) of each drug were prepared, added to the plates and incubated for 72 h. Cell survival was then determined using ELISA plate reader in 540 nm applying MTT assay. All tested sulfonamides showed cytotoxic effect on HeLa and MCF-7 cells in the concentration range of 100-1000 μm. These sulfonamides were cytotoxic against MDA-MB-468 cell line at a concentration of 10-100 μm and reduced the cell survival less than 50%. According to the results calculated IC50's were as following: MDA-MB-468 < 30 μm; MCF-7 < 128 μm and HeLa < 360 μm. In conclusion, some tested sulfonamides had good cytotoxic effects against breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-468 and further investigations are needed to confirm their effects against other cells. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy.
Agris On-line Papers in Economics and Informatics (18041930)(3)
Water quality is a key environmental issue concerning the agricultural sector. Here, the application of fuzzy set theory for decision-making in the assessment of groundwater quality for agricultural purposes is being discussed. The experiments conducted in this study area located, Shahrekord plain that, lies in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, in the southwest Iran. Four groundwater parameters (EC, Mg, Na and Ca) are selected for water quality analysis and thematic maps are drawn for each of the parameters with the Kriging model. Different Fuzzy membership functions obtained from the related literature were employed and the weights for each parameter were calculated according to Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that relies on pair wise comparisons. The Fuzzy theory showed 14.22% of the study area as having high groundwater quality, 19.86 % as having moderate quality, 48.90% as having margin quality and 16.99% as having poor quality. In order to evaluate the accuracy of this method, eight different points were randomly selected. It is concluded that the Fuzzy method allows for obtaining results that correspond to the current conditions in the study area. © 2010.
Varshosaz, J.,
Varshosaz, J.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Shafipour, F.,
Shafipour, F. Farmacia (00148237)(1)pp. 64-79
The aim of this study was to prepare stealth solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN S) of risperidone, for controlled delivery through the intravenous (i.v.) route to reduce the frequency of administration, dose and adverse effects during the short-term management of manifestation of psychotic disorders. Stealth SLNs were prepared by emulsification-solvent diffusion and sonication method by adding acetone/ethanol containing drug, lipid and stabilizer to aqueous phase, containing surfactant, under homogenization. The effect of lipid type, lipid percentage, stabilizer type and stabilizer percentage were evaluated on the particle size, zeta potential, drug loading efficiency and drug release for optimization of SLNs. Dialysis bag membrane was used to determine drug release, the Rose Bengal binding constant for surface hydrophobicity and serum protein adsorption. The cytotoxicity of SLNs on macrophages and red blood cells were also assessed in order to evaluate the impact of surface modifications on toxicity of the different formulations. The optimized formulation was composed of 0.05% stearyl alcohol (relative to the total volume of dispersion) and 25% PEG 40 stearate (relative to the weight of lipid) using a homogenization speed of 1000 rpm and 4 minutes sonication. The results showed that the in vitro specifications of stealth SLN S of risperidone are suitable for i.v. administration.
Varshosaz, J.,
Varshosaz, J.,
Hassanzadeh, F.,
Hassanzadeh, F.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Sadeghi, H.,
Firozian, F.,
Firozian, F.,
Mirian, M.,
Mirian, M. Journal of Nanomaterials (16874129)
Amphiphilic polymer surfactants are composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers and are widely used in targeted drug delivery. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the effect of molecular weight and molar ratio of dextran on physicochemical properties of dextran stearate polymeric micelles. Dextran stearate was synthesized by acylation of dextran with stearoyl chloride. Etoposide loaded polymeric micelles were prepared by dialysis method. The resulting micelles were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, critical micelle concentration (CMC), drug loading capacity, and release efficiency. Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of micelles were studied in CT-26 colorectal carcinoma cell line. Molecular weight and molar ratio of dextran-stearate were impressive on zeta potential, CMC, drug loading capacity, and release efficiency. Unlike polymer molecular weight, molar ratio of stearate had a significant effect on cytotoxicity and particle size of etoposide loaded micelles. Although molecular weight of dextran had no significant effect on cytotoxicity of micelles on CT-26 cells, it had drastic attributes for stability of polymeric micelles. Consequently, both variables of molecular weight of dextran and molar ratio of stearate should be taken into account to have a stable and effective micelle of dextran-stearate. © 2012 Jaleh Varshosaz et al.
