The Education Department is a core unit within the faculty, responsible for planning, organizing, and overseeing educational activities. It works closely with academic staff to design and update course curricula, coordinate class schedules, and enhance the overall quality of teaching. The department aims to provide a supportive environment for effective learning and the academic development of students. It also plays a key role in academic advising, addressing educational concerns, and organizing consultation sessions. By applying modern teaching methods and responding to current educational needs, the Education Department strives to improve the learning process and contribute to student success.
A novel model for predicting wax deposition during turbulent and laminar flow of crude oil was developed. Experiments carried out using a mixture of toluene and an oil wax cut, in a laboratory flow loop, revealed model results on total mass of wax deposition showing a very conformity with experimental findings in the laminar flow regime. Molecular diffusion was the dominant mechanism during laminar flow. Sloughing effect was an important mechanism during wax deposition in the turbulent flow regime that should not be neglected. In the turbulent flow regime, there were critical flow rates for any system containing non-isothermal flow of waxy crude oil. These critical rates depended on the fluid (oil) characterization and pipeline characteristics, as well as operational conditions. Increasing flow rate beyond the critical flow rate decreased the amounts of wax deposit. These trends were similar to what were concluded in other experiments.
One of the problems faced by the petroleum industry is the wax deposition in pipelines during transportation of waxy crude oil. A comprehensive mathematical model for quantitative prediction of wax deposition for a multicomponent hydrocarbons mixture (oil) was developed. Deposition as a function of time was obtained as a solution of differential equations derived from the principles of mass and energy conservation, considering the thermodynamic of phase transition. Experiments were conducted using a mixture of toluene and an oil wax cut, in a laboratory flow loop. Model results on total mass of wax deposition showed conformity with experimental results in the laminar flow regime. These comparisons verified that molecular diffusion is the dominant mechanism during laminar flow.
Chemical Engineering Communications (00986445)189(7)pp. 959-973
A mathematical model is developed to study simultaneous heat and mass transfer in hot gas spray systems. The model is obtained by writing mass, energy, and momentum balances for both continuous and discontinuous phases. Governing equations along with suitable correlations for heat and mass transfer coefficients have been solved numerically. In order to develop a realistic model for such complicated systems, a droplet size distribution was implemented in the model instead of using an average size. A steady state spray-cooling problem is analyzed to illustrate the applicability of the model. To validate the mathematical model for this case, necessary data was collected and measured in commercial cement plants. A good agreement between plant data and the model was noticed in general, and results obtained from the model indicate that size distribution of water droplets and physical dimensions of the spray-cooling system are important parameters. This model is very useful in determining the so-called "critical operation condition" at which sludge formation at the bottom of spray-cooling systems will happen. The predicted parameters in spray-cooling systems both for droplet phase and gas phase aptly illustrate the ability of the model to treat the complex phenomena associated with two-phase flows.
A pilot scale fluidized bed dryer with an inert energy carrier (steel, glass beads ranging from 2.7 to 6.5 mm) was used to investigate the drying of carrots. The effects of sample diameter, inert material type, inert material diameter, amount of inert material, air velocity, and temperature on the rate of drying were studied. A mathematical model was proposed for predicting the drying rate and temperature of drying material. It was found that presence of inert particles enhance the rate of drying. The results of this study also revealed that, although the rate of drying increases with decreasing sample diameter, increasing the inert material thermal conductivity, and increasing air temperature, but the inert material diameter and air velocity have no significant effects on the rate of drying. The independence of rate of drying on air velocity especially in well-fluidized systems indicates that external diffusion is not a controlling step in this process. Also the presence of inert materials causes the drying material to reach more rapidly to its final internal temperature.
Chemical Engineering and Technology (09307516)26(1)pp. 43-49
A pilot scale fluidized bed dryer with inert particles as energy carrier was used to investigate the drying characteristics of carrot in this type of dryer. Glass beads, hollow steel balls and pieces of dry carrot were used as inert materials. The effects of sample diameter, inner material type, inert material diameter, amount of inert material, air velocity and temperature on the rate of drying were studied. It was found that the presence of inert particles enhances the rate of drying. The results of this study also revealed that, although the rate of drying increased with decreasing sample diameter, increasing of inert material thermal conductivity, and increasing of air temperature, but the inert material diameter and air velocity did not have any significant effect on the rate of drying. The independence of the rate of drying on air velocity in well fluidized systems, indicates that external diffusion is not the controlling step in this process. It was also found that the presence of inert materials caused the drying material to reach its final internal temperature more rapidly. The internal temperature of the drying material, also increased with increasing diameter and thermal conductivity of the inert materials.
