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Publication Date: 2022/05/22
Journal of Applied Psychological Research (22518126) 13(1)pp. 83-103
The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of compassion-focused face-to-face therapy and compassion-focused virtual reality therapy on marital burnout. It was applied using a quasi-experimental research design with pretest, posttest, follow-up, and control group. The statistical population included all married men of Mobarakeh Steel Company in Isfahan who showed symptoms of marital burnout in 2020. Then, 30 people were selected from them and randomly assigned to three groups: Face-to-Face Therapy, Virtual Reality Therapy, and Control Group (10 people in each group). The research instruments were the Couple Burnout Questionnaire (CBQ) and the face-to-face and virtual reality therapies, which were conducted individually in seven 45-minute sessions. Data analysis was performed using the repeated measures analysis of variance test in SPSS.26 software. The results showed that both therapies lead to a reduction in marital burnout and its components (p < 0.05) and that the effect of face-to-face therapy is greater than that of virtual reality therapy on marital burnout, mental exhaustion and physical exhaustion. For the emotional exhaustion component, both therapies were equally effective. In addition, virtual reality therapy had no significant effect on physical exhaustion (p > 0.05). The results also showed the persistence of both therapies in the follow-up phase. Considering the effectiveness of virtual reality in the therapy of burnout, this technology can be used to treat marital burnout.
Publication Date: 2024
Trauma, Violence, and Abuse (15248380) 25(5)pp. 3504-3514
This study aimed to conduct an overview of systematic reviews in the field of violence against adults with disability. Eight electronic databases as well as gray literature from January 2022 to April 2023 were searched to identify systematic reviews that focused on violence against adults with disabilities. A total of 13 high-quality systematic reviews were included in the overview. Findings show that adults with disabilities experience a higher rate of emotional and physical violence than the general population. Sociodemographic, financial, and cultural risk factors, prevention, and treatment approaches were discussed. Although the large body of studies on disability and violence have explored different aspects of the issue, there are some limitations and gaps in the literature that need further attention. The most important gap in the literature is the lack of attention to diversity. Accordingly, there is little knowledge about disability and violence in a variety of geographical locations. In addition, studies on violence based on ethnicity/race, age, gender identifications, and some types of disabilities such as hearing impairments or severe disabilities were scarce. There is a need to reach diverse populations of adults with disabilities, through employing a variety of data collection methods and qualitative research methodology. Prevention and treatment programs should be developed with attention to types of disability, and they should be culturally and linguistically sensitive. © The Author(s) 2024.
Publication Date: 2019
Journal of Couple and Relationship Therapy (15332683) 18(4)pp. 353-365
Power is manifested differently in different cultures. Modern societies are balancing between power and equality. During the past few years, the Iranian family system has changed. Women are looking toward nongendered equality. The aim of this study was to investigate the power within the cultural background of urban Iranian couples. In this qualitative study, 16 couples (n = 32) were recruited and interviewed by using a semistructured interview. Each partner was interviewed individually. Narratives were recorded and transcribed by all authors separately and a final conclusion was made. To analyze the data, thematic analysis was carried out. The analysis of the data shows that in Iranian families, power is influenced by six themes: (a) couple’s communication patterns, (b) gender identity and roles, (c) original family’s perception of power, (d) couples indecisiveness (irresponsibility), (e) sexual issues, and (f) ambivalence. Understanding power dynamics in Iranian families is helpful for both researchers and practitioners. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2019
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556) 60(2)pp. 89-103
The aim of this study was to predict remarried women’s difficulties in emotion regulation through mindfulness, thought–action fusion, and emotion regulation strategies. The research method was descriptive. Two hundred and fifty-two remarried women were administered the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI), Thought–Action Fusion Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). The data were analyzed using multiple regression. The results of the data analysis showed that thought–action fusion and suppression are positively correlated to difficulties in emotion regulation, whereas reappraisal and mindfulness were negatively related to difficulties in emotion regulation. Also, mindfulness, thought–action fusion, reappraisal, and suppression are able to predict emotion regulation difficulty. This study indicated that it is important to consider the emotion and its dysregulation among remarried women. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2019
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556) 60(5)pp. 333-345
Despite the indispensable importance of the sexual relationship to the family dynamics, there has never been a study on remarried Iranian women in blended families. For the purpose of this study, 52 divorced women, who married for the second time, were interviewed. The data were codified line by line using thematic content analysis. Six main themes were identified from the interviews: (a) intrapersonal effects, (b) interpersonal effects, (c) attachment-based sexual relationships, (d) a new start, (e) family-related stress, and (f) pregnancy-related issues. Many of these women reported they were still thinking about their previous relationship and were influenced especially by how their ex-husband evaluated their body image. These findings presented a relatively clear image of the impact of remarriage on the sexuality of Iranian remarried women in blended families. These findings suffer from some constraints, such as generalizing of the data due to the small sample size. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2018
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health (discontinued) (09746005) 16(Special Issue)
There is a lack of study in Iran into the effect of premature ejaculation on men from individual and dyadic perspectives. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate this important subject with a systematic qualitative approach. For this purpose, 64 men with premature ejaculation were investigated. The interviews were concentrated on psychological problems from two perspectives: (i) individual and (ii) dyadic relationships. The problems of these men within the individual area are categorized into three main themes: effect on self-confidence, anxiety, and depression. The problems of these men within the dyadic area are categorized into two main themes: effect on sexual satisfaction and dyadic problems. It seems that concentrating on the individual and dyadic problems of men with premature ejaculation and also on their partners is effective in the treatment process. Nevertheless, conducting further studies is needed to find out about the concerns of men with premature ejaculation. © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2018
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556) 59(2)pp. 141-155
This study was an attempt to determine the factor structure, reliability, validity, and adaptation of the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS) for Iranian divorced individuals. The primary rationale for this study was the lack of such an instrument in an Iranian context to help researchers and therapists determine postdivorce adjustment and distinguish those in need of receiving psychological help. Participants of this study were 486 individuals (49.5% men, 50.5% women) who were divorced and were selected from the available population. Participants were asked to complete a sociodemographic questionnaire, the FDAS (Fisher, 1978), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ; Ghanbarnejad & Turki, 2013). The results showed that the internal consistency of FDAS using Cronbach’s alpha was.93 and the split-half coefficient was.89, indicating fine consistency. Also, the internal consistency of FDAS subscales measuring self-worth, disentanglement from the ex-partner, anger, grief, social trust, and social self-worth was.81,.86,.89,.88,.86, and.69, respectively, using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis shows an adequate convergent validity with the SWLS and GHQ. It can be concluded that the FDAS has an acceptable factor structure, reliability, and validity, and can be used in Iran and other Persian-speaking countries. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2018
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556) 59(2)pp. 108-122
This research explores the effects of participating in the Rebuilding Seminar on postdivorce adjustment and the general health of divorced women in Arak, Iran. For this quasiexperimental study, 15 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Prior to the participation in group intervention, participants were asked to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ–28). Participants then completed the 10 weekly, 2-hour group intervention program. After the completion of the group intervention, postintervention questionnaires were administered. Results indicate that this particular educational program affected adjustment in participants on all subscales of the FDAS, except for social self-worth. The results also suggest that the intervention program was effective on all subscales of the GHQ–28, except for somatic symptoms. Due to numerous changes in the life of divorced women and the stressful nature of divorce, designing and implementing effective intervention plans seems necessary and constructive. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2017
Psychopathology (02544962) 50(4)pp. 231-238
Background: Considering the lack of documented research on the sexuality of dependent persons, this qualitative study examined sexual dynamics among Iranian married women with excessive interpersonal dependency. Methods: Interviews with 18 married women with high interpersonal dependency were coded using thematic analysis. Results: Three major areas emerged from the data under which the themes clustered. These were (1) intrapersonal level which included confused sexual cognitions, intrusive thoughts during sex, preoccupation by sexual thoughts, low tolerance for reduction or interruption of sexual activity, and emotional distress during sex, (2) interactional dynamics including imposing pressure on the husband to have sex and assuming a submissive and receptive role during sex, and (3) contextual processes including social stigma and the effects of social phenomena. Conclusions: These findings presented a relatively clear understanding of the impacts of interpersonal dependency on the sexuality of Iranian women. The majority of the women reported maladaptive sexual strategies, attitudes, and emotions. Moreover, there were several similarities between the sexual dynamics of the women and those of individuals with anxious attachment style. These findings suffer from some limitations in terms of generalization due to the small size of the sample and clinical and cultural considerations. The implications of these findings for practitioners are also considered. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Publication Date: 2016
Asian Social Science (discontinued) (19112025) 12(9)pp. 65-76
Problems between parents and their male adolescents are a fast growing phenomenon in Iran. This study attempted to examine the problems between parents and their male adolescents, how they are formed, and what factors influenced the problems formation process between them. Thirty-five participants including parents, their male adolescents, and experts (10 adolescents, 10 fathers, 10 mothers, and 5 experts) participated in a semi structured deep interview; and data was analyzed qualitatively and based on a grounded theory approach. Based on the findings of this study, a preliminary understanding of problems formation process between Iranian parents and their male adolescents is presented and discussed in details. Through systematic analysis, we uncovered several factors influencing the problems formation process in the population. Qualitative findings revealed that adolescents’ characteristics, parents’ features, the type of relationships between parents and their male adolescents, adolescents’ growth, cultural changes, family environment, friends, and school affected the problems between Iranian parents and their male adolescents. © 2016, Asian Social Science. All Right Received.
Publication Date: 2016
Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (17359260) 26(139)pp. 137-148
Background and purpose: One of the important features of a successful and long-term marriage is marital commitment. Self-compassion could well predict improvements in marital relations. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between original family health and self-compassion with marital commitment. Materials and methods: A descriptive correlational study was performed in 372 married individuals selected by multiple cluster sampling. Data was collected using the Family of Origin Scale (FOS) and Self-Compassion Scale. Data analysis was done applying Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions. Results: The mean age of the participant was 37±7.42 years. The results showed a significant positive correlation between marital commitment and health of the original family, self–kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness subscales (P< 0.01). We found a significant negative correlation between marital commitment and health of the original family, self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification subscales (P< 0.01). Also health of the original family and subscales of self-kindness, common humanity, self-judgment and mindfulness could highly predict marital commitment. Conclusion: Health of the original family and self-compassion play important roles in improving marital relationships. Therefore, self-compassion focused therapies could increase mental health and create self-compassionate behavior and consequently enhance marriage durability. © 2016, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2016
Asian Social Science (discontinued) (19112025) 12(9)pp. 223-229
Commitment to both spouse and the institution of marriage appears to be important to the success of a marriage. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of relational maintenance behavior and attachment styles in predicting marital commitment. The statistical population has been consisted of all the couples who had middle school children in Tehran city; so, 372 married people (233 women and 139 men) have been selected by multiple cluster sampling. The Relational maintenance behavior measure (RMSM), Adult attachment questionnaire (AAQ) and personal commitment subscale have been considered as the data collection tools. The results have shown that there is a significant positive relationship between assurance subscale, openness, conflict management, share task, positivity, advice and secure attachment style and marital commitment, and there is a significant negative relationship between avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles and marital commitment. Also multiple regression analysis has shown that the four subscales of relational maintenance behavior (assurance, openness, conflict management and positivity) and attachment styles (secure, avoidant and ambivalent) can predict the marital commitment (p <0.05). According to these findings, it can be concluded that relational maintenance behaviors and attachment styles affect the marital commitment and commitment to marital relationship among couples can be increased by training relationship maintenance behaviors and providing necessary trainings related to attachment styles for parents. © 2016, Asian Social Science. All Right Received.
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