Publication Date: 2024
2025 29th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, CSICC 2025pp. 67-107
Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a group of light-harvesting materials with regular two- to three-dimensional buildings, and at the same time, special properties such as mesomicroporosity, high specific surface area, great durability, and tunability had attracted a lot of attention in various fields from catalyst to photocatalyst in different reactions. However, due to the significance of clean energy production by sunlight and the favorable and acceptable performance of these compounds in photoelectrochemical (PEC) processes such as fuel cells, carbon dioxide reduction, PEC water splitting (PECWS), and oxidation of water, these compounds are good candidates for such reactions. This chapter specifically discusses how these materials act as light harvesting in PEC reactions, especially PEC oxidation of water. In this chapter, the following questions will be answered. (1) How light is absorbed in MOF? (2) How electron transitions and excited states are in MOF? (3) What parameters are effective in optimizing MOF as a light harvester? (4) How is the design of PEC cells by MOF? (5) What is the splitting of water by light-absorbing MOF? (6) How many categories are photoelectrodes based on the MOFs divided into? How does each one work? (7) What is the role of light-harvesting MOF in oxygen and hydrogen production reactions? And finally, (8) what are the latest designs for using MOF as a light harvester in PECWS? It will be hoped that by answering these questions in this chapter, a clear path is provided for researchers in this field to better understand the light harvesting in MOFs in PEC reactions. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2024
2025 29th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, CSICC 2025pp. 39-65
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting (WS) holds much promise as a route for the production of hydrogen from solar power. Artificial photosynthesis to store hydrogen produced from solar energy via WS is an attractive topic currently receiving much attention. In a photoelectrochemical cell, water is oxidized to oxygen in the photoanode, and water is reduced to hydrogen in the photocathode. This requires the development of the following: (1) stable electrocatalysts to accelerate processes at each electrode; (2) water-splitting-compatible photosensitizers that efficiently absorb visible light and generate a charge-separated state. In this chapter, we will have an in-depth study of dual electrodes and their different types of arrangement, including tandem and parallel cells. Then, in each case, we discuss PEC/PEC and PEC/PV cells regarding material selection and device optimization. Finally, we provide a brief explanation of PV/EL cells. In the end, we will talk about the perspective of the upcoming challenges, focusing on the critical issues of design and different device structures and their performance limitations from the aspects of photoanode and photocathode. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2009
Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society (1735207X)6(4)pp. 686-697
Aggregation behavior of water soluble porphyrins, 5-(1-(4-carboxybutyl) pyridinum-4-yl) 10,15,20-tris (1-methylpyridinium- 4-yl) porphyrin (5-CBPyP) in the presence of various concentrations of calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and sodium chloride were studied in comparison with meso-tetrakis (4-N-methyl pyridinum) porphyrin (TMPyP), by optical absorption, fluorescence and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopies. Both porphyrins obey Beer's law in extended range of concentration. Optical absorption and RLS measurements demonstrated nonaggregation for both porphyrins under increasing concentration of ct-DNA and NaCl. However, in comparison, 5-CBPyP had less tendency for aggregation that may be taken as an advantage for its probable application in photodynamic therapy of cancer. The trend of changes in absorption spectra of both porphyrins in the presence of ct-DNA indicates the homogeneous intercalation binding mode. The values of (2.81 ± 0.28) × 106 M-1 and (0.95 ± 0.09) × 106 M-1 were obtained for apparent binding constant of TMPyP and 5-CBPyP from analysis of optical absorption data, respectively. This indicates the less affinity of 5-CBPyP to ct-DNA in comparison with TMPyP. The binding of both porphyrins to ct-DNA quenches fluorescence emission of Ethidium bromide (EB) that is bound to ct-DNA. The quenching process obeys linear Stern-Volmer relationship indicating the displacement of EB from its binding sites by these porphyrins. The results of this technique also represent the intercalation mode of binding for both porphyrins and higher binding affinity of TMPyP compared with 5-CBPyP.
Publication Date: 2009
Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines (10884246)13(9-Aug)pp. 964-972
Binding properties of two water-soluble porphyrins, manganese(III) 5-(1-(4-carboxybutyl)pyridinium-4-yl) 10,15,20-tris(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (Mn(III)5-CBPyP) and manganese(III) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1- methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (Mn(III)TMPyP), in the presence of various concentration of calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA), has been studied in 7.5 mM phosphate buffer, pH = 7.2 and at various temperatures by UV-vis absorption, resonance light scattering (RLS) and fluorescence spectroscopy and viscosity measurement. Optical absorption and RLS measurements have demonstrated three different species of both porphyrins form in DNA solution. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated by van't Hoff equation at various temperatures. The values of -4.89 kJ.mol-1 and +65.98 J.mol-1.K-1 for Mn(III)5-CBPyP and -14.92 kJ.mol-1 and +15.46 J mol -1.K-1 for TMPyP were estimated for enthalpy and entropy changes of interaction, respectively. The data indicate that the process is exothermic and enthalpy- and entropy-driven, suggesting that electrostatic forces play a considerable role in the interaction process. The binding of both porphyins to DNA quenches fluorescence emission of ethidium bromide (EB) and the quenching process obeys linear Stern-Volmer relationship, indicating the quenching of electron transfer of EB from its binding sites by these porphyrins. The results of using these techniques indicate the external mode of binding for both porphyrins and a higher binding affinity of Mn(III)5-CBPyP with respect to Mn(III)TMPyP. © 2009 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Tangestaninejad, S.,
Ghaderi M.,
Bathaie, S.Z.,
Saboury, A.A.,
Sharghi, H.,
Tangestaninejad, S. Publication Date: 2007
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (1418130)41(2)pp. 173-179
We investigated the interaction of meso-tetrakis (N-para-methylanilium) porphyrin (TMAP) in its free base and Fe(II) form (Fe(TMAP)OAc) as a new derivative, with high molecular weight DNA at different ionic strengths, using various spectroscopic methods and microcalorimetry. The data obtained by spectrophotometery, circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence quenching and resonance light scattering (RLS) have demonstrated that TMAP association with DNA is via outside binding with self-stacking manner, which is accompanied with the "end-on" type complex formation in low ionic strength. However, in the case of Fe(TMAP)OAc, predominant mode of interaction is groove binding and after increasing in DNA concentration, unstable stacking-type aggregates are formed. In addition, isothermal titration calorimetric measurements have indicated the exothermic process of porphyrins binding to DNA, but the exothermisity in metal derivative of porphyrin is less than the free base. It confirmed the formation of a more organized aggregate of TMAP on DNA surface. Interactions of both porphyrins with DNA show high sensitivity to ionic strength. By addition of salt, the downfield CD signal of TMAP aggregates is shifted to a higher wavelength, which indicates some changes in the aggregates position. In the case of Fe(TMAP)OAc, addition of salt leads to changes in the mode of binding from groove binding to outside binding with self-stacking, which is accompanied with major changes in CD spectra, possibly indicating the formation of "face-on" type complex. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2007
Heterocycles (3855414)71(4)pp. 805-814
Solid heteropoly acids (AITP and AIMP) are easily used as efficient catalyst for conversion of o-phenylenediamines and ketones to their corresponding 2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepines at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The method is an easy, rapid, and high yielding reaction for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives and is applicable to both cyclic or acyclic ketones without significant difference. © 2007 The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry.
Publication Date: 2006
Canadian Journal of Chemistry (84042)84(5)pp. 812-818
Tosylation of some alcohols and phenols has been directly carried out with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride using heterodoxy acids (H3PW 12O40, H3PMo12O40, A 3PW12O40, and AlPMo12O40) as catalysts in the absence of solvent. We found that heteropoly acids AlPW12O40 and AlPMo 12O40 were effective catalysts for the tosylation of alcohols and phenols. In the case of aliphatic alcohols, secondary alcohols undergo tosylation chemoselectively in the presence of primary hydroxyl groups. This new method consistently has the advantage of excellent yields and short reaction time. © 2006 NRC Canada.
Publication Date: 2004
Journal of Coordination Chemistry (958972)57(16)pp. 1387-1392
Mercury(I) chloride disproportionates to mercury metal and bis(organothiolato)mercury(II) in the presence of some thiols in good yields. The products were analyzed by means of 1HNMR and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which indicated that the complexes are monomers in the gas phase and decomposed at elevated temperature to mercury(0) and corresponding disulfides.
Publication Date: 2004
Polish Journal of Chemistry (1375083)78(2)pp. 201-204
A variety of 1,3-dithianes deprotected to their corresponding carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields in mild and efficient photo-oxidative method using tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
Publication Date: 2004
Polish Journal of Chemistry (1375083)78(6)pp. 851-859
Photodegradation of several aniline derivatives including o-nitroaniline (ONA), m-nitroaniline (MNA), p-nitroaniline (PNA), p-bromoaniline (PBrA) and o-chloroaniline (OClA) have been studied in aqueous solution using zinc oxide. Rate constants spane the range from 6.46×10-3 min-1 to 2.59×10-2 min-1. The slower degradation rate of p-bromoaniline (PBrA), 6.46×10-3 min-1 could be related to oxidation potential of the corresponding aromatic rings. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) rate constant kr and adsorption constant, (KA) for all five aniline derivatives are reported.
Publication Date: 2003
Analytical Biochemistry (32697)320(1)pp. 32-38
A chemically modified electrode constructed by incorporating N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediaminocobalt(II) into carbon-paste matrix was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for detection of cysteine. The resulting electrode exhibits catalytic properties for the electrooxidation of cysteine and lowers the overpotential for the oxidation of this compound. The faster rate of electron transfer results in a near-Nernstian behavior of the modified electrode and makes it a suitable potentiometric and voltammetric sensor for the fast and easy determination of cysteine. A linear response in concentration range from ∼2μM to 0.01M was obtained with a detection limit of 1μM for the potentiometric detection of cysteine. The modified electrode was also used for the amperometric and differential pulse voltammetric determination of cysteine and the results were compared with those of the potentiometric method. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2004
Physics and Chemistry of Liquids (319104)42(2)pp. 127-133
The binding of potassium dodecatangestato cobaltate(111) (PDC) as a water-soluble polyoxometal with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a major transporting protein of plasma, has been investigated at pH 7.2, 5 mM phosphate buffer, 27°C and various ionic strength by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the binding of PDC to BSA quenches BSA emission and the Stern-Volmer linear relationship can be applied for the quenching process. The values of Stern-Volmer constant, KSV, which can be considered as a binding constant for formation of 1:1 complex at 0.01, 0.1 and 0.2 M NaCl are 8.56 × 105, 5.72 × 105 and 9.60 × 105, respectively. The interpretation of the results represents that binding affinity depends on both electrostatic forces and conformational stability of BSA. A step-by-step aggregation model, which has been developed by Borissevich et al., was used to determine the average aggregation number of BSA, (J , from the fluorescence quenching. The results show that the binding of PDC to BSA does not induce any considerable aggregation in BSA molecules. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are no considerable conformational changes in BSA molecules during its interaction with PDC. © 2004 Taylor and Francis Ltd.
Tangestaninejad, S.,
Bordbar, A.,
Ghaderi A.R.,
Safaei, E.,
Tangestaninejad, S.,
Eslami A.,
Saboury, A.A.,
Moosavi-movahedi, A. Publication Date: 2003
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society (2532964)24(5)pp. 547-551
In the present work, the interaction of three water soluble porphyrins, tetra(p-trimethyle) ammonium phenyl porphyrin iodide (TAPP) as a cationic porphyrin, tetra sodium meso-tetrakis (p-sulphonato phenyle) porphyrin (TSPP) as an anionic porphyrin and manganese tetrakis (p-sulphonato phenyl) porphinato acetate (MnTSPP) as a metal porphyrin, with histone H2B have been studied by isothermal titration microcalorimetry at 8 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 and 27°C. The values of binding constant, entropy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy changes for binding of the first MnTSPP, and first and second TSPP and TAPP molecules were estimated from microcalorimetric data analysis. The results represent that the process is both entropy and enthalpy driven and histone induces self-aggregation of the porphyrins. The results indicate that both columbic and hydrophobic interactions act as self-aggregation driving forces for the formation of aggregates around histone.
Publication Date: 2003
Polish Journal of Chemistry (1375083)77(3)pp. 283-293
The association behavior of Cu(II) complex of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-N-benzyl-pyridyl)porphyrin (Cu(II)TBzPyP) in aqueous solution at various ionic strength was studied by optical absorption and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopies. The results show that Cu(II)TBzPyP exists as a monomer at low ionic strength and ill-defined aggregates at high ionic strength. The binding of the Cu(II)TBzPyP to human serum albumin (HSA) at 0.005 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0 and 27°C has been also studied by optical absorption and RLS spectroscopies. The optical absorption spectral patterns of Cu(II)TBzPyP at various concentration of HSA represent two distinct stages in the process of interaction. The existence of an isosbestic point in first titration stage can be related to the equilibrium of free Cu(II)TBzPyP with that of Cu(II)TBzPyP:HSA complex. The aggregation of HSA molecules around porphyrin has occurred in the second titration stage. The analysis of binding process by calculation on absorption data led us to estimate binding constant for formation of HSA:Cu(II)TBzPyP complex. The RLS spectra of Cu(II)TBzPyP at various concentration of HSA do not show any aggregation of Cu(II)TBzPyP in the presence of HSA, which certified the results of UV-Vis studies. The fluorescence emission of HSA chromophore was quenched due to the porphyrin binding. The process of quenching has been analyzed by Stern-Volmer equation. Hence the binding constant of Cu(II)TBzPyP to HSA has also been estimated as the Stern-Volmer quenching constant, which is in good agreement with the result of UV-Vis studies.
Publication Date: 2002
Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines (10884246)6(3)pp. 225-232
The association behavior of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-N-benzyl-pyridyl)porphyrin (TBzPyP) was investigated in aqueous solution at 27 °C and various ionic strengths by optical absorption, fluorescence and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopies. The results show that TBzPyP exists as monomer at low ionic strength and as ill-defined aggregates at high ionic strength and does not show concentration dependent aggregation over an extended concentration range between 5 x 10-7 to 1 x 10-4 M in water. The interaction of the TBzPyP with human serum albumin (HSA) in 5 mM phosphate buffer, pH = 7.00, and at 27 °C, has been also studied by optical absorption, fluorescence and RLS spectroscopies. The formation of two types of complexes (HSA: TBzPyP and (HSA)2: TBzPyP) has been demonstrated by analysis of optical absorption spectral patterns of TBzPyP at various concentrations of HSA. Based on absorption data, a binding model has been proposed and used to analyze the binding process. The calculated binding constant for formation of HSA: TBzPyP and (HSA)2: TBzPyP are 3.79 x 106 M-1 and 1.46 x 105 M-1, respectively. The RLS spectra of TBzPyP at various concentration of HSA do not show any aggregation of TBzPyP in the presence of HSA. Due to the fact that binding of TBzPyP quenches the HSA fluorescence, a step-by-step aggregation model, which has been developed by Borissevich, I. E. et al, was used to determine the average aggregation number of HSA, < J >, from the fluorescence quenching. The < J > value is 1.4, which further confirms the formation of the two mentioned complexes at this concentration range of HSA. Copyright © 2002 Society of Porphyrins & Phthalocyanines.
Publication Date: 2001
Analytical Letters (32719)34(5)pp. 661-674
Salicylate selective electrodes based on oxo(phthalocyanato)-vanadium(IV) [VO(Pc), vanadyl phthalocyanine] and oxo(phthalocyanato)molybdenum(IV) [MoO(Pc), molybdenyl phthalocyanine] are described. The electrodes were prepared by incorporating the ionophores into plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membranes, which were directly coated on the surface of graphite electrodes. The resulting electrodes demonstrate Nernstian responses over a wide linear range (10-7-10-1 M) salicylate. The electrodes have a fast response time, submicromolar detection limit, and could be used over the pH range of 6-9. The proposed sensors revealed selectivity for salicylate over a number of common inorganic and organic anions. The influence of lipophilic cationic and anionic additives on the response properties of the electrodes was investigated. Highest sensitivity and the widest linear dynamic range were observed for the electrodes in the presence of trioctylmethylammonium chloride as a lipophilic cationic additive. The electrodes were successfully applied to the determination of salicylate in pharmaceutical preparations.
Publication Date: 1999
Analytical Letters (32719)32(14)pp. 2737-2750
Thiocyanate selective electrodes were prepared by incorporating cobalt and manganese phthalocyanines into plasticized ploy(vinyl chloride) membranes which were directly coated on the surface of graphite electrodes. A calibration plot with Nernstian slope for thiocyanate was observed over a linear range of five decades of concentration (1x10-6-1x10-1 M). The electrode has a fast response time, very low detection limit (5x10-7 M thiocyanate), is easy to prepare, and could be used for over a month. The proposed sensor revealed good selectivity for thiocyanate over several anions and could be used over a wide pH range. Applications of the electrode to the potentiometric titration of silver ion with thiocyanate and determination of thiocyanate in urine samples are reported.
Publication Date: 1999
Electroanalysis (10400397)11(18)pp. 1340-1344
The response characteristics of a new solvent-polymeric membrane electrode with unique selectivity and detection limit toward SCN- ion are reported. The electrode is prepared by incorporating (octabromotetraphenylporphyrinato)manganese(III) chloride into a plasticized PVC-membrane. The resulting sensor exhibits anti-Hofmeister selectivity pattern with high specificity for thiocyanate over other anions, including lipophilic inorganic anions. The electrode has a linear dynamic range between 1.0 and 4.8 × 10-7M, with a Nernstian slope of 58.3±0.8mV/decade and a detection limit of 3.2 × 10-7M. The electrode can be used for at least 3 months without any considerable divergence in potential. It was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of SCN-1 ion and in direct determination of thiocyanate in urine samples.
Publication Date: 2000
Analytical Chemistry (32700)72(5)pp. 956-962
New salicylate-selective electrodes based on aluminum(III) and tin(IV) salophens are described. The electrodes were prepared by incorporating the ionophores into plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membranes, which were directly coated on the surface of graphite electrodes. These novel electrodes display high selectivity for salicylate with respect to many common inorganic and organic anions. The influence of membrane composition and pH and the effect of lipophilic cationic and anionic additives on the response properties of the electrodes were investigated. The electrode based on- aluminum salophen, with 32% PVC, 65.8% plasticizer, and 2.2% ionophore, shows the best potentiometric response characteristics and displays a linear log [Sal-] vs EMF response over the concentration range 1 x 10-6-1 x 10-1 M in phosphate buffer solutions of pH 7.0, with a Nernstian slope of -59.2 mV/decade of salicylate concentration. Highest selectivity was observed for the membrane incorporating 38.8% PVC, 57.3% plasticizer, 2.6% Sn(salophen), and 1.3% sodium tetraphenylborate. The electrodes exhibit fast response times and micromolar detection limits (~1 x 10-6 M salicylate) and could be used over a wide pH range of 3-8. Applications of the electrodes for determination of salicylate in pharmaceutical preparations and biological samples are reported.
Publication Date: 1999
Analytical Chemistry (32700)71(13)pp. 2502-2505
The construction, performance characteristics, and application of a polymeric membrane coated on a graphite electrode with unique selectivity toward histidine are reported. The electrode was prepared by incorporating chloro (5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenylporphyrinato) manganese-(III) [Mn(TPP)Cl] into a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane. The influences of membrane composition, pH, and foreign ions were investigated. Calibration plots with near Nernstian slopes for histidine were observed, -55.4 mV/decade, over a linear range of four decades of concentration (1 x 10-5 to 1 x 10-1 M). The electrode has a detection limit of 5 x 10-6 M histidine and shows high a fast response time of about 1 min. The electrode shows high selectivities high toward histidine over several amino acids and common inorganic anions.
Publication Date: 1999
Analyst (32654)124(9)pp. 1319-1322
Iron(III) and manganese(III) tetraphenylporphyrins were explored as electroactive materials for preparing polymeric membrane-based sensors selective to histamine. The membranes, incorporating 30% poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), 60% dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and 10% iron or manganese tetraphenylporphyrin, coated on the surface of graphite electrodes, exhibited near-Nernstian responses in the concentration range from 1 x 10-6 to 1 x 10-1 mol dm-3 with detection limits of about 5 x 10-7 mol dm-3 histamine, and response times of < 30 s. The electrodes show high selectivity towards histamine over several amino acids and common inorganic anions and can be used in a wide pH range. They were applied to the determination of histamine in synthetic serum samples.
Mohammadpoor baltork, I.,
Moghadam, M.,
Tangestaninejad, S.,
Mirkhani, V.,
Khosropour, A.R.,
Mirjafari, A. Publication Date: 2011
Journal Of The Iranian Chemical Society (1735207X)8(2)pp. 513-524
12-Tungstophosphoric acid immobilized on [bmim][FeCl4] was found to be an efficient catalyst for chemoselective methoxymethylation and ethxoymethylation of alcohols and also one-pot conversion of MOM- or EOM-ethers to their corresponding acetates and TMS-ethers under thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. These procedures were simple, rapid and the corresponding products were obtained in high yields. The catalyst exhibited remarkable reactivity and was reusable.
Publication Date: 2016
RSC Advances (20462069)6(1)pp. 632-640
In this work, MIL-101-Cu and MIL-101-Ni were successfully synthesized via a microwave irradiation technique to enhance the adsorption capacity and adsorbent cyclability. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, ICP, TEM and BET. TEM images clearly demonstrated that Cu and Ni NPs of 3-7 nm and 2-4 nm, respectively, were incorporated within the pores of the MIL-101 adsorbent. The CO2 adsorption capacity was measured by a volumetric method. The equilibrium CO2 adsorption capacities were measured as 9.7, 10.6, 11.8 and 12.4 mmol g(-1) for the parent MIL-101, activated MIL-101, MIL-101-Cu and MIL-101-Ni adsorbents, respectively at 7.1 bar and 298.2 K. The initial isosteric heats of CO2 adsorption on the above mentioned adsorbents were estimated to be 22, 27, 31 and 38 kJ mol (-1), respectively. Successive adsorption-desorption cycles were conducted to explore the cyclability of the adsorbents. The results confirmed that the adsorption capacity remained constant after 100 cycles. The equilibrium experimental data were well-fitted with a Freundlich isotherm model.
Publication Date: 2010
Applied Organometallic Chemistry (02682605)24(10)pp. 708-713
In the present work, highly efficient epoxidation of alkenes catalyzed by Mo(CO)(6) supported on multi-wall carbon nanotubes modified by 2-aminopyrazine, APyz-MWCNTs, is reported. The prepared catalyst was characterized by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, FT IR and diffuses reflectance UV-vis spectroscopic methods. This new heterogenized catalysts, [Mo(CO)(6)@APyz-MWCNT], was used as a highly efficient catalyst for epoxidation of alkenes with tert-BuOOH. This robust catalyst was reused several times without loss of its catalytic activity. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rostami, M.,
Khosropour, A.R.,
Mirkhani, V.,
Mohammadpoor baltork, I.,
Moghadam, M.,
Tangestaninejad, S. Publication Date: 2011
Comptes Rendus Chimie (18781543)14(10)pp. 869-877
Di[1,6-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)hexane] decatungstate dihydrate ([C-6(MIm)(2)](2) W10O32. 2H(2)O) as a new family of polyoxometalate-based dicationic ionic liquids (POM-DIL) is synthesized and employed as a novel and powerful heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-5(4)-oxazolones (azlactones) under ultrasound-assisted solvent-free condition. On the basis of the results, the products were obtained in excellent yields under mild condition. Utilization of easy work-up and purification make it very interesting from an economic perspective. Moreover, a recycling study confirmed that the catalyst can be reused multiple times without significant loss of its activity. (C) 2011 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Khorsandi, Z.,
Khosropour, A.R.,
Mirkhani, V.,
Mohammadpoor baltork, I.,
Moghadam, M.,
Tangestaninejad, S. Publication Date: 2011
Tetrahedron Letters (00404039)52(11)pp. 1213-1216
Nanosilica sulfuric acid is found to be a new, powerful and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the rapid synthesis of 3-hydroxyphthalans via condensation of aromatic aldehydes and 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohols under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. Scale-up preparation of these heterocycles is also carried out. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
