Publication Date: 2025
Journal of Education and Health Promotion (22779531)14(1)
Background: Individuals with comorbid generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression often experience impaired mentalized affectivity and interpersonal problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on mentalized affectivity and interpersonal problems in comorbid GAD and depressive patients. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a single-case method to examine the effectiveness of integrated CBT on mentalized affectivity and interpersonal problems in comorbid GAD and depressive patients of Isfahan, Iran in 2020. Four participants with GAD comorbid with depression were selected through convenient sampling and received individual integrated CBT intervention for 10 weeks. The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-32 (IIP-32) and Mental Affect Scale (MAS) were administered at baseline; third, fifth, eighth, and tenth sessions and at 1 month follow-up to assess treatment outcomes. Results: The visual design, improvement rate, and reliable change index (RCI) demonstrated that integrated CBT produced clinically and statistically significant changes and improvements in treatment goals (i.e., mentalized affectivity and interpersonal problems). Furthermore, the therapeutic effects were sustained during the follow-up phase. Conclusion: The results suggest that integrated CBT is a promising treatment for moderating mentalized affect and interpersonal problems in individuals with comorbid GAD and depression. © 2025 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.
Publication Date: 2023
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)12(1)pp. 37-44
Background: Numerous studies have investigated parental influence, especially the influence of parenting styles on children’s development. Accordingly, the present study aimed to identify the components of a native parenting style by exploring the lived experiences of mothers with successful female children. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenological design to explore the lived experiences of the mothers of female students in the second year of high school in Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran, in the academic year 2018-2019. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. Thus, successful girls were identified from among the students who had a GPA of at least 18 and based on their responses to the items in the Psychological Wellbeing Scale (Ryff, 1989), Keyes Social Well-Being Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale. Finally, 14 students with success criteria were selected. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the students’ mothers. The collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step approach. Results: A total of 93 primary codes identified in this study were categorized into 23 categories and six main themes: 1) Disciplinary practices (encouragement, punishment, control, and authority), 2) valuing the child (delegating responsibility, paying attention to the child’s interests, giving independence, and giving character to the child), 3) positive emotional interactions (intimacy, mature interactions, educational flexibility, acceptance, and recreation and fun activities), 4) establishing boundaries in applying childrearing practices (maternal role, parental agreement, and the central role of parents in childrearing), 5) understanding (family cohesion, family respect, and fair treatment) and 6) parenting dynamics (serving as a role model, gathering information, guiding the child, and fixing parental problems in the child). Conclusion: In the present study, a component-based model was developed, which seems to be effective in improving parenting styles and children’s conditions. © 2023 The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2022
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (22287515)27(4)pp. 440-457
Objectives This study aims to compare the effectiveness of integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and transdiagnostic treatment in improving symptoms of patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) comorbid with depression. Methods This is a single-case quasi-experimental study. The study population consists of all people with GAD comorbid with depression referred to counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran in 2019, from whom 10 were selected using a purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups of CBT and transdiagnostic treatment. Subjects in both groups were assessed at baseline, 3rd, 4th, 8th, 10th sessions, and during a one-month follow-up period using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. To analyze the data, visual analysis, Reliable Change Index (RCI), improvement percentage, and statistical and clinical significance were used. Results Visual analysis, percentage of improvement, and RCI value showed that both treatments caused clinically and statistically significant changes in therapeutic outcomes and their therapeutic effects continued during follow-up period. However, the percentage of improvement in CBT group was higher than in the transdiagnostic treatment group. Conclusion CBT is superior to transdiagnostic treatment in terms of effect size and stability, but both are the same in terms of acceptance. © 2022, Iran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2022
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)11(1)pp. 10-18
Introduction: A deeper understanding of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) provides many clues to what causes anxiety disorders and what treatment is needed. The present study aimed to investigate the life experiences of patients with GAD comorbid with emotional disorders. Methods: The present research was a qualitative one carried out based on the phenomenological approach. The participants in the study were 10 patients with GAD comorbid with emotional disorders who were selected using purposive sampling method based on data saturation. A semi-structured face-to-face interview was used to collect data. The texts of the interviews were analyzed by the phenomenological approach using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: The results of analysis of data derived from the interviews revealed four main themes and 13 subthemes including components of illness (worry, cognitive component, behavioral component, emotional component, physiological component), influential factors (sociocultural factors, psychological vulnerability, developmental history), consequences of illness (quality-of-life impairment, interpersonal problems), and treatment (self-care, expectations of treatment, limitations and barriers to treatment .(Conclusion: The themes identified in this study by phenomenological method based on lived experiences of patients provided new information about the etiology, consequences, and treatment of this disorder. © 2022, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2020
Psychiatria (17329841)17(4)pp. 181-185
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the narrative therapy on the fear of negative/ positive evaluation, and social phobia symptoms among the female students in Shiraz, Iran. Material and methods: Research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with experimental and control groups. The sample included 26 subjects, who were referred to psychological centers and were selected by purposive sampling method. The research tools included fear of negative evaluation scale (FNE), fear of positive evaluation scale (FPE), and social phobia symptoms questionnaire. The narration therapy program was performed for the experimental group in eight sessions. In order to analyze data, the covariance analysis was performed using SPSS-22 software. Findings of the study showed a significant difference between the treated and untreated groups for the variables of fear, avoidance, and physiological distress. Results: The results of univariate analysis for the fear of positive evaluation variable showed a significant difference between treated and untreated groups (F = 7.1, df = 1, P = 0.015). However, for the fear of negative evaluation variable, the difference was not significant (F = 0.58, df = 1, P = 0.45). Conclusions: According to these findings, we conclude that narrative therapy is a suitable method in reducing fear of positive evaluation and the treatment of social anxiety. © 2020 Via Medica. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2013
Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (17359260)23(102)pp. 45-57
Background and purpose: Individuals treat the Internet phenomenon differently based on their personalities. Also, personality can predispose individuals for some psychological disorders. Some psychologists state that personality comes from nervous system functions, therefore, this study investigated the personality characteristics caused by brain-behavioral systems and gender on Internet addiction. Materials and methods: This casual-comparison research was performed in 225 people selected through cluster sampling from Internet cafes, libraries and gyms' clients in Isfahan. The data was collected using Young's Internet addiction scale and Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire. Results: Multivariate Variance Analysis (MANOVA) showed significant differences in brain-behavioral systems of addicted and non-addicted groups. Paired-test showed that these differences were due to differences in passive avoidance, and fight and flight subscales. Independent sample t-test also showed significant differences in Internet addiction between male and female. Moreover, multiple regression analysis confirmed the predicting role of passive avoidance and gender in Internet addiction. Conclusion: Behavioral inhibition system sensitivity could influence the risk factors of internet addiction. This is probably caused by enjoying the nature of Internet activities and delay in the negative outcomes at the same time. These are pleasant for individuals with high behavioral inhibition system sensitivity. Furthermore, males are more prone to Internet addiction; that is due to more tendencies to develop social relations and gaining less family support than females.
Publication Date: 2011
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences (18770428)30pp. 1635-1640
The purpose of this study was to compare the mental profile of male and female adolescents during puberty. Two hundred male (14-16 years old) and female (13-15 years old) adolescents were chosen by random cluster sampling. They were examined by MMPI (minimal form) inventory and the obtained data were analysed by T-test, x 2 and descriptive statistic. The obtained results showed that the difference mean scores in scales F, Hy, Pa and Pt of inventory differed significantly (p<0.01) between male and female adolescents and the frequencies of two-point codes were significantly different between two groups (p<0.05). © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
