Amazonian indigenous peoples have preserved many aspects of their culture and cosmology while also developing complex relationships with dominant non-indigenous society. Until now, anthropological writing on Amazonian peoples has been divided between "traditional" topics like kinship, cosmology, ritual, and myth, on the one hand, and the analysis of their struggles with the nation-state on the other. What has been lacking is work that bridges these two approaches and takes into consideration the meaning of relationships with the state from an indigenous perspective. That long-standing dichotomy is challenged in this new ethnography by anthropologist José Kelly. Kelly places the study of culture and cosmology squarely within the context of the modern nation-state and its institutions. He explores Indian-white relations as seen through the operation of a state-run health system among the indigenous Yanomami of southern Venezuela. With theoretical foundations in the fields of medical and Amazonian anthropology, Kelly sheds light on how Amerindian cosmology shapes concepts of the state at the community level. The result is a symmetrical anthropology that treats white and Amerindian perceptions of each other within a single theoretical framework, thus expanding our understanding of each group and its influences on the other. This book will be valuable to those studying Amazonian peoples, medical anthropology, development studies, and Latin America. Its new takes on theory and methodology make it ideal for classroom use. © 2011 The Arizona Board of Regents. All rights reserved.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences (20392117)(2)
Subjects due to their class position may construct specific fantasies. Class fantasy, one of the given fantasies, is constructed by lower-classes in the society. This study is to critically scrutinize this type of fantasy in media discourse data. Furthermore, as ideology is a means by which cinema apparatus sutures audience within movie narration, the movie ideology and its relation with the given fantasy will be discussed as well. Indeed, the paper presents an attempt to illustrate how movies, through the construction of the fantasy, serve to justify the prevailing ideologies at the time. A case in point is melodrama. The data are extracted from one the most popular movies in the history of Iranian cinema, Ganj-e Qaroon (meaning Qaroon's Treasure). Analysis of the data is done within the frameworks of Bordwell (1995); Cormack (1992); and Zizek (2008a). Findings show that the class fantasy is constructed through the movie. That is the hero, reaching the object-cause of desire namely the girl of narration, may fill the class gap; however, a change in his position causes the object to lose its significance. Concerning the movie ideology, results indicate that the movie ideology, i.e. the class ideology, proposes class coexistence in peace. Indeed, the movie not only represents class fantasy but also uses the end of fantasy in its favor.
Manufacturers have to identify pros and cons in all aspects of their relationship with retailers who are basically their customers in the supply chain context, if they intend to stay competitive in the market. Retailers are also in direct contact with consumers who are the most important part of the supply-chain system, so having an effective interaction with retailers is the crucial part of the whole system. This study conducts a survey specifically in apparel retail industry to find the retailers expectations and evaluations of current performance of the manufacturers and help supply chain professionals gain a better understanding of how lean can be applied to their operations. The results of performed T-test and regression analyses indicate retailers' dissatisfaction with four factors of quality, delivery, cost, and retailer-manufacturer relationship.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences (discontinued) (20392117)4(6)pp. 489-496
Although Internet and virtual world have provided formerly non-existent chance for Iranian youth, Internet pathology has been paid less attention. Present research, applying critical procedure to cyber friendship and liquid love, tries to analyze this phenomenon among Iranian youth from different aspects. The research applying a qualitative procedure that is content analysis, has collected and analyzed the issues relevant to cyber friendship on weblogs of Iranian bloggers. Collected issues have been categorized and analyzed by qualitative method and finally regarding collected issues, researchers have done analysis and made some predictions. Research results suggest that most Iranian youth have negative attitude toward cyber friendship. Their most important reason for criticizing this type of friendship is that it can be harmful and deceptive. Cyber friendship has lots of supporters in Iran. Nevertheless, it has more opponents among Internet users, specially bloggers. Also, reviewing the bloggers, negative narration of this kind of friendship shows that most of them have had positive attitude toward cyber friendship in the past.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences (discontinued) (20392117)4(6)pp. 469-480
Today the societies have sure changed through communication advancement and have made lots of changes in culture and daily lives of people. It can be said that new media Have impact on the life styles and general tastes of people. It seems that the growth of The number of internet users and internet social networks has created a new life style Among the young called "virtual life style" this life style integrated with virtual social Networks influence all daily activities. The purpose of the present research is analysis of Changes in the life style of the young created by introduction and popularity of virtual Social networks. the present study was conducted through survey, available and Voluntary sampling and online researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical population of the study consisted of all face book users in Isfahan. The results of the study suggest that there is difference between life style of the people who are members in face book and people who are not. It should be said shopping pattern and cultural consumption of the people differ according to their membership or non-membership however, nutrition pattern and body management have no relation With membership in face boo. The duration of connection of face book has greatly affected nutrition pattern.
Global Media Journal (discontinued) (15507521)13(24)
As new technologies and science continue to flourish in the contemporary world, one may scarcely spot an area of human life still untouched by science and technology – from medicine and healthcare to arts, cinema and music; from construction and architecture to recreation, leisure and sports – all are closely associated with science and technology. Such association and interweavement of science and technology with daily life is so strong that one may contend that they have protruded into daily life and have become a public commodity.Press coverage of science, as an important duct, is to fill the gap between science and the public. Most people, including decision-makers, gain their information from mass media essentially or exclusively.The present study, therefore, aims to Identify the citizens’ experience of PCS (the means through which citizens communicate with scientists and research achievements) and Examine the role of media in contributing to PCS and PUS among citizens. As to research methodology, the present study follows a qualitative method. the focused group technique was used to discover different dimensions of the contribution of media to the increase in public understanding of science and to identify the experiences that citizens have with science communication and the ways in which they communicate with scientists and their familiarity with scientific productions. In this study, a "mixed purposive sampling" was used. Accordingly, three focused groups, each including 8 citizens, were formed. The results of this study are as follows: The media increase the communicative competence of their addressees through translation and simplification of the scientific notions. • The role of media in the representation of the mental and cultural lifeworld dominating the society. Through translation and simplification of science and increasing the audiences’ ability to communicate with science, media increase public participation in science and technology programs. • The representation and transfer of citizens’ tacit knowledge in the media, which helps increase public understanding of science and technology. • The representation of science-related issues in media such as introducing science as the result of human efforts, representing the strengths and weaknesses of science and technology in contributing to human welfare, justifying scientific research and the like in media. The results of focus group discussions showed that the participants experienced the communication of science in different ways as follows: • Using such institutions as libraries, scientific societies, science houses, science and technology parks, cultural centers, universities, Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults and non-governmental organizations • Through reward-based systems such as national and regional awards of science, scientific Olympiads and scientific festivals: ‘the promotion of science is popularizing science.’ • Through educational and promotional activities • And through media such as listening to scientific radio broadcasts , watching documentaries, scientific weblogs and websites ,reading scientific columns in newspapers and watching scientific TV broadcasts. © 2015, Purdue University Calumet. All rights reserved.
Asian Social Science (discontinued) (19112025)12(9)pp. 65-76
Problems between parents and their male adolescents are a fast growing phenomenon in Iran. This study attempted to examine the problems between parents and their male adolescents, how they are formed, and what factors influenced the problems formation process between them. Thirty-five participants including parents, their male adolescents, and experts (10 adolescents, 10 fathers, 10 mothers, and 5 experts) participated in a semi structured deep interview; and data was analyzed qualitatively and based on a grounded theory approach. Based on the findings of this study, a preliminary understanding of problems formation process between Iranian parents and their male adolescents is presented and discussed in details. Through systematic analysis, we uncovered several factors influencing the problems formation process in the population. Qualitative findings revealed that adolescents’ characteristics, parents’ features, the type of relationships between parents and their male adolescents, adolescents’ growth, cultural changes, family environment, friends, and school affected the problems between Iranian parents and their male adolescents. © 2016, Asian Social Science. All Right Received.
Ghezelsefloo, M.,
Jafari, F.,
Bahrami, F.,
Mohammadi, R. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (17359260)26(139)pp. 137-148
Background and purpose: One of the important features of a successful and long-term marriage is marital commitment. Self-compassion could well predict improvements in marital relations. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between original family health and self-compassion with marital commitment. Materials and methods: A descriptive correlational study was performed in 372 married individuals selected by multiple cluster sampling. Data was collected using the Family of Origin Scale (FOS) and Self-Compassion Scale. Data analysis was done applying Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions. Results: The mean age of the participant was 37±7.42 years. The results showed a significant positive correlation between marital commitment and health of the original family, self–kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness subscales (P< 0.01). We found a significant negative correlation between marital commitment and health of the original family, self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification subscales (P< 0.01). Also health of the original family and subscales of self-kindness, common humanity, self-judgment and mindfulness could highly predict marital commitment. Conclusion: Health of the original family and self-compassion play important roles in improving marital relationships. Therefore, self-compassion focused therapies could increase mental health and create self-compassionate behavior and consequently enhance marriage durability. © 2016, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
