Journal de la Societe des Americanistes (19577842)97(1)pp. 339-357
Amazonian indigenous peoples have preserved many aspects of their culture and cosmology while also developing complex relationships with dominant non-indigenous society. Until now, anthropological writing on Amazonian peoples has been divided between "traditional" topics like kinship, cosmology, ritual, and myth, on the one hand, and the analysis of their struggles with the nation-state on the other. What has been lacking is work that bridges these two approaches and takes into consideration the meaning of relationships with the state from an indigenous perspective. That long-standing dichotomy is challenged in this new ethnography by anthropologist José Kelly. Kelly places the study of culture and cosmology squarely within the context of the modern nation-state and its institutions. He explores Indian-white relations as seen through the operation of a state-run health system among the indigenous Yanomami of southern Venezuela. With theoretical foundations in the fields of medical and Amazonian anthropology, Kelly sheds light on how Amerindian cosmology shapes concepts of the state at the community level. The result is a symmetrical anthropology that treats white and Amerindian perceptions of each other within a single theoretical framework, thus expanding our understanding of each group and its influences on the other. This book will be valuable to those studying Amazonian peoples, medical anthropology, development studies, and Latin America. Its new takes on theory and methodology make it ideal for classroom use. © 2011 The Arizona Board of Regents. All rights reserved.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences (20392117)(2)
Subjects due to their class position may construct specific fantasies. Class fantasy, one of the given fantasies, is constructed by lower-classes in the society. This study is to critically scrutinize this type of fantasy in media discourse data. Furthermore, as ideology is a means by which cinema apparatus sutures audience within movie narration, the movie ideology and its relation with the given fantasy will be discussed as well. Indeed, the paper presents an attempt to illustrate how movies, through the construction of the fantasy, serve to justify the prevailing ideologies at the time. A case in point is melodrama. The data are extracted from one the most popular movies in the history of Iranian cinema, Ganj-e Qaroon (meaning Qaroon's Treasure). Analysis of the data is done within the frameworks of Bordwell (1995); Cormack (1992); and Zizek (2008a). Findings show that the class fantasy is constructed through the movie. That is the hero, reaching the object-cause of desire namely the girl of narration, may fill the class gap; however, a change in his position causes the object to lose its significance. Concerning the movie ideology, results indicate that the movie ideology, i.e. the class ideology, proposes class coexistence in peace. Indeed, the movie not only represents class fantasy but also uses the end of fantasy in its favor.
Manufacturers have to identify pros and cons in all aspects of their relationship with retailers who are basically their customers in the supply chain context, if they intend to stay competitive in the market. Retailers are also in direct contact with consumers who are the most important part of the supply-chain system, so having an effective interaction with retailers is the crucial part of the whole system. This study conducts a survey specifically in apparel retail industry to find the retailers expectations and evaluations of current performance of the manufacturers and help supply chain professionals gain a better understanding of how lean can be applied to their operations. The results of performed T-test and regression analyses indicate retailers' dissatisfaction with four factors of quality, delivery, cost, and retailer-manufacturer relationship.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences (discontinued) (20392117)4(6)pp. 489-496
Although Internet and virtual world have provided formerly non-existent chance for Iranian youth, Internet pathology has been paid less attention. Present research, applying critical procedure to cyber friendship and liquid love, tries to analyze this phenomenon among Iranian youth from different aspects. The research applying a qualitative procedure that is content analysis, has collected and analyzed the issues relevant to cyber friendship on weblogs of Iranian bloggers. Collected issues have been categorized and analyzed by qualitative method and finally regarding collected issues, researchers have done analysis and made some predictions. Research results suggest that most Iranian youth have negative attitude toward cyber friendship. Their most important reason for criticizing this type of friendship is that it can be harmful and deceptive. Cyber friendship has lots of supporters in Iran. Nevertheless, it has more opponents among Internet users, specially bloggers. Also, reviewing the bloggers, negative narration of this kind of friendship shows that most of them have had positive attitude toward cyber friendship in the past.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences (discontinued) (20392117)4(6)pp. 469-480
Today the societies have sure changed through communication advancement and have made lots of changes in culture and daily lives of people. It can be said that new media Have impact on the life styles and general tastes of people. It seems that the growth of The number of internet users and internet social networks has created a new life style Among the young called "virtual life style" this life style integrated with virtual social Networks influence all daily activities. The purpose of the present research is analysis of Changes in the life style of the young created by introduction and popularity of virtual Social networks. the present study was conducted through survey, available and Voluntary sampling and online researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical population of the study consisted of all face book users in Isfahan. The results of the study suggest that there is difference between life style of the people who are members in face book and people who are not. It should be said shopping pattern and cultural consumption of the people differ according to their membership or non-membership however, nutrition pattern and body management have no relation With membership in face boo. The duration of connection of face book has greatly affected nutrition pattern.
Global Media Journal (discontinued) (15507521)13(24)
As new technologies and science continue to flourish in the contemporary world, one may scarcely spot an area of human life still untouched by science and technology – from medicine and healthcare to arts, cinema and music; from construction and architecture to recreation, leisure and sports – all are closely associated with science and technology. Such association and interweavement of science and technology with daily life is so strong that one may contend that they have protruded into daily life and have become a public commodity.Press coverage of science, as an important duct, is to fill the gap between science and the public. Most people, including decision-makers, gain their information from mass media essentially or exclusively.The present study, therefore, aims to Identify the citizens’ experience of PCS (the means through which citizens communicate with scientists and research achievements) and Examine the role of media in contributing to PCS and PUS among citizens. As to research methodology, the present study follows a qualitative method. the focused group technique was used to discover different dimensions of the contribution of media to the increase in public understanding of science and to identify the experiences that citizens have with science communication and the ways in which they communicate with scientists and their familiarity with scientific productions. In this study, a "mixed purposive sampling" was used. Accordingly, three focused groups, each including 8 citizens, were formed. The results of this study are as follows: The media increase the communicative competence of their addressees through translation and simplification of the scientific notions. • The role of media in the representation of the mental and cultural lifeworld dominating the society. Through translation and simplification of science and increasing the audiences’ ability to communicate with science, media increase public participation in science and technology programs. • The representation and transfer of citizens’ tacit knowledge in the media, which helps increase public understanding of science and technology. • The representation of science-related issues in media such as introducing science as the result of human efforts, representing the strengths and weaknesses of science and technology in contributing to human welfare, justifying scientific research and the like in media. The results of focus group discussions showed that the participants experienced the communication of science in different ways as follows: • Using such institutions as libraries, scientific societies, science houses, science and technology parks, cultural centers, universities, Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults and non-governmental organizations • Through reward-based systems such as national and regional awards of science, scientific Olympiads and scientific festivals: ‘the promotion of science is popularizing science.’ • Through educational and promotional activities • And through media such as listening to scientific radio broadcasts , watching documentaries, scientific weblogs and websites ,reading scientific columns in newspapers and watching scientific TV broadcasts. © 2015, Purdue University Calumet. All rights reserved.
Asian Social Science (discontinued) (19112025)12(9)pp. 65-76
Problems between parents and their male adolescents are a fast growing phenomenon in Iran. This study attempted to examine the problems between parents and their male adolescents, how they are formed, and what factors influenced the problems formation process between them. Thirty-five participants including parents, their male adolescents, and experts (10 adolescents, 10 fathers, 10 mothers, and 5 experts) participated in a semi structured deep interview; and data was analyzed qualitatively and based on a grounded theory approach. Based on the findings of this study, a preliminary understanding of problems formation process between Iranian parents and their male adolescents is presented and discussed in details. Through systematic analysis, we uncovered several factors influencing the problems formation process in the population. Qualitative findings revealed that adolescents’ characteristics, parents’ features, the type of relationships between parents and their male adolescents, adolescents’ growth, cultural changes, family environment, friends, and school affected the problems between Iranian parents and their male adolescents. © 2016, Asian Social Science. All Right Received.
Ghezelsefloo, M.,
Jafari, F.,
Bahrami, F.,
Mohammadi, R. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (17359260)26(139)pp. 137-148
Background and purpose: One of the important features of a successful and long-term marriage is marital commitment. Self-compassion could well predict improvements in marital relations. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between original family health and self-compassion with marital commitment. Materials and methods: A descriptive correlational study was performed in 372 married individuals selected by multiple cluster sampling. Data was collected using the Family of Origin Scale (FOS) and Self-Compassion Scale. Data analysis was done applying Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions. Results: The mean age of the participant was 37±7.42 years. The results showed a significant positive correlation between marital commitment and health of the original family, self–kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness subscales (P< 0.01). We found a significant negative correlation between marital commitment and health of the original family, self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification subscales (P< 0.01). Also health of the original family and subscales of self-kindness, common humanity, self-judgment and mindfulness could highly predict marital commitment. Conclusion: Health of the original family and self-compassion play important roles in improving marital relationships. Therefore, self-compassion focused therapies could increase mental health and create self-compassionate behavior and consequently enhance marriage durability. © 2016, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Ghezelseflo, M.,
Jafari, F.,
Bahrami, F.,
Mohammadi fesharaki, R. Asian Social Science (discontinued) (19112025)12(9)pp. 223-229
Commitment to both spouse and the institution of marriage appears to be important to the success of a marriage. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of relational maintenance behavior and attachment styles in predicting marital commitment. The statistical population has been consisted of all the couples who had middle school children in Tehran city; so, 372 married people (233 women and 139 men) have been selected by multiple cluster sampling. The Relational maintenance behavior measure (RMSM), Adult attachment questionnaire (AAQ) and personal commitment subscale have been considered as the data collection tools. The results have shown that there is a significant positive relationship between assurance subscale, openness, conflict management, share task, positivity, advice and secure attachment style and marital commitment, and there is a significant negative relationship between avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles and marital commitment. Also multiple regression analysis has shown that the four subscales of relational maintenance behavior (assurance, openness, conflict management and positivity) and attachment styles (secure, avoidant and ambivalent) can predict the marital commitment (p <0.05). According to these findings, it can be concluded that relational maintenance behaviors and attachment styles affect the marital commitment and commitment to marital relationship among couples can be increased by training relationship maintenance behaviors and providing necessary trainings related to attachment styles for parents. © 2016, Asian Social Science. All Right Received.
Da cunha, M.C.,
Caixeta, R.,
Campbell, J.M.,
Fausto, C.,
Ghasemi, V.,
Lomnitz, C.,
Sulkin, C.D.L.,
Pompeia, C.,
Vilaça, A. HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory (20491115)7(2)pp. 403-426
Agribusiness has unprecedented leverage over highly unpopular Brazilian president Michel Temer, who is faced with several corruption charges and is struggling for political survival. In a little over one year, the agribusiness lobby and its allies have managed to erode thirty years of human rights and conservation laws. Indigenous peoples and their territorial rights are among the main targets of such policies, and there is no resolution to the situation in sight. With the insight of several scholars, the following forum assesses the consequences of losing the protection the Citizens' Constitution of 1988 once afforded indigenous peoples in Brazil. © Giovanni da Col.
Psychopathology (02544962)50(4)pp. 231-238
Background: Considering the lack of documented research on the sexuality of dependent persons, this qualitative study examined sexual dynamics among Iranian married women with excessive interpersonal dependency. Methods: Interviews with 18 married women with high interpersonal dependency were coded using thematic analysis. Results: Three major areas emerged from the data under which the themes clustered. These were (1) intrapersonal level which included confused sexual cognitions, intrusive thoughts during sex, preoccupation by sexual thoughts, low tolerance for reduction or interruption of sexual activity, and emotional distress during sex, (2) interactional dynamics including imposing pressure on the husband to have sex and assuming a submissive and receptive role during sex, and (3) contextual processes including social stigma and the effects of social phenomena. Conclusions: These findings presented a relatively clear understanding of the impacts of interpersonal dependency on the sexuality of Iranian women. The majority of the women reported maladaptive sexual strategies, attitudes, and emotions. Moreover, there were several similarities between the sexual dynamics of the women and those of individuals with anxious attachment style. These findings suffer from some limitations in terms of generalization due to the small size of the sample and clinical and cultural considerations. The implications of these findings for practitioners are also considered. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health (discontinued) (09746005)16(Special Issue)
There is a lack of study in Iran into the effect of premature ejaculation on men from individual and dyadic perspectives. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate this important subject with a systematic qualitative approach. For this purpose, 64 men with premature ejaculation were investigated. The interviews were concentrated on psychological problems from two perspectives: (i) individual and (ii) dyadic relationships. The problems of these men within the individual area are categorized into three main themes: effect on self-confidence, anxiety, and depression. The problems of these men within the dyadic area are categorized into two main themes: effect on sexual satisfaction and dyadic problems. It seems that concentrating on the individual and dyadic problems of men with premature ejaculation and also on their partners is effective in the treatment process. Nevertheless, conducting further studies is needed to find out about the concerns of men with premature ejaculation. © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)59(2)pp. 141-155
This study was an attempt to determine the factor structure, reliability, validity, and adaptation of the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS) for Iranian divorced individuals. The primary rationale for this study was the lack of such an instrument in an Iranian context to help researchers and therapists determine postdivorce adjustment and distinguish those in need of receiving psychological help. Participants of this study were 486 individuals (49.5% men, 50.5% women) who were divorced and were selected from the available population. Participants were asked to complete a sociodemographic questionnaire, the FDAS (Fisher, 1978), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ; Ghanbarnejad & Turki, 2013). The results showed that the internal consistency of FDAS using Cronbach’s alpha was.93 and the split-half coefficient was.89, indicating fine consistency. Also, the internal consistency of FDAS subscales measuring self-worth, disentanglement from the ex-partner, anger, grief, social trust, and social self-worth was.81,.86,.89,.88,.86, and.69, respectively, using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis shows an adequate convergent validity with the SWLS and GHQ. It can be concluded that the FDAS has an acceptable factor structure, reliability, and validity, and can be used in Iran and other Persian-speaking countries. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)59(2)pp. 108-122
This research explores the effects of participating in the Rebuilding Seminar on postdivorce adjustment and the general health of divorced women in Arak, Iran. For this quasiexperimental study, 15 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Prior to the participation in group intervention, participants were asked to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ–28). Participants then completed the 10 weekly, 2-hour group intervention program. After the completion of the group intervention, postintervention questionnaires were administered. Results indicate that this particular educational program affected adjustment in participants on all subscales of the FDAS, except for social self-worth. The results also suggest that the intervention program was effective on all subscales of the GHQ–28, except for somatic symptoms. Due to numerous changes in the life of divorced women and the stressful nature of divorce, designing and implementing effective intervention plans seems necessary and constructive. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Journal of Couple and Relationship Therapy (15332683)18(4)pp. 353-365
Power is manifested differently in different cultures. Modern societies are balancing between power and equality. During the past few years, the Iranian family system has changed. Women are looking toward nongendered equality. The aim of this study was to investigate the power within the cultural background of urban Iranian couples. In this qualitative study, 16 couples (n = 32) were recruited and interviewed by using a semistructured interview. Each partner was interviewed individually. Narratives were recorded and transcribed by all authors separately and a final conclusion was made. To analyze the data, thematic analysis was carried out. The analysis of the data shows that in Iranian families, power is influenced by six themes: (a) couple’s communication patterns, (b) gender identity and roles, (c) original family’s perception of power, (d) couples indecisiveness (irresponsibility), (e) sexual issues, and (f) ambivalence. Understanding power dynamics in Iranian families is helpful for both researchers and practitioners. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)60(2)pp. 89-103
The aim of this study was to predict remarried women’s difficulties in emotion regulation through mindfulness, thought–action fusion, and emotion regulation strategies. The research method was descriptive. Two hundred and fifty-two remarried women were administered the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI), Thought–Action Fusion Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). The data were analyzed using multiple regression. The results of the data analysis showed that thought–action fusion and suppression are positively correlated to difficulties in emotion regulation, whereas reappraisal and mindfulness were negatively related to difficulties in emotion regulation. Also, mindfulness, thought–action fusion, reappraisal, and suppression are able to predict emotion regulation difficulty. This study indicated that it is important to consider the emotion and its dysregulation among remarried women. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Mana: Estudos de Antropologia Social (01049313)25(2)pp. 391-426
This article sketches some elements of what we suggest to call a "politics of regard" pertinent to the forms of action and organization of indigenous collectives in the lowlands of South America. The purpose is to analyze the relation between two Strathernian ideas with applicability in the region: a) any meaningful action could be explained, understood or justified as involving the separation between a person who acts and another person taken as the cause of action; and b) being recognized as a person, or occupying the place of a moral agent, implies being under the regard of another person. Considering these two ideas, we also revisit some classic themes of the ethnological literature, namely: the relation between power and coercion, and the theme of the masters-owners. © 2019 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ.
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)60(5)pp. 333-345
Despite the indispensable importance of the sexual relationship to the family dynamics, there has never been a study on remarried Iranian women in blended families. For the purpose of this study, 52 divorced women, who married for the second time, were interviewed. The data were codified line by line using thematic content analysis. Six main themes were identified from the interviews: (a) intrapersonal effects, (b) interpersonal effects, (c) attachment-based sexual relationships, (d) a new start, (e) family-related stress, and (f) pregnancy-related issues. Many of these women reported they were still thinking about their previous relationship and were influenced especially by how their ex-husband evaluated their body image. These findings presented a relatively clear image of the impact of remarriage on the sexuality of Iranian remarried women in blended families. These findings suffer from some constraints, such as generalizing of the data due to the small sample size. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Izadi, A.,
Mohammadi, M.,
Nasekhian, S.,
Memar, S. Historic Environment: Policy and Practice (17567505)11(2-3)pp. 158-180
Sustainable regeneration is an approach whose objective is to improve the economic, social and physical state of the historic environment. Social systems theory proposed by Talcott Parsons is similar to sustainable regeneration in that it approaches society as a functioning whole and seeks to understand the interrelatedness of its constituent parts. The aim of the present paper is to present a social sustainability model in the context of historic regeneration based on Parsons’ Systems Theory (AGIL). The statistical population of the research includes documents related to conservation released by Organization of World Heritage Cities, UNESCO and ICOMOS from 1990s onwards. The content validity of the research has been confirmed with an agreement coefficient of 87.6% in a Scott test and the research shows that, where cited, social capital has the function of adaptation, the component of equity has the function of goal attainment, social cohesion has the function of integration, and the component of identity has the function of latent pattern maintenance in the social sustainability of the historic environment. According to Parsons’ theory, each of the above components is considered as a system and the function of their indices was determined in a second analysis level. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
International Journal Of High Risk Behaviors And Addiction (2251872X)10(4)
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)62(2)pp. 83-103
Despite the increase in divorce rates in Iran in recent years, research has focused less on its process. To this end, 32 men and women among Iranian divorcing couples in which the man was divorce initiator were interviewed with a purposive and theoretical method. The divorce process revealed itself through coding the interviews based on the grounded theory method in the following four stages: 1) the unexpected start of the marriage; 2) the breakdown of relationship; 3) the surprising divorce proposal; and 4) the legal action. These stages presented a relatively clear image of divorce process of Iranian couples in which the man was initiator. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Quality and Quantity (00335177)(1)
Cinema has a complex relation with the state and social reality in Iran. Between 2001 and 2004, Iranian cinema was under the control of the ideology of the Islamic Left. Students who played a crucial role in the Islamic Left’s restoration to power in the mid-1990s became frustrated and depoliticised as advocates of the democratic movement in the early 2000s. Iranian cinema depicted this movement during that time, however to date there is a lack of systematic research on the representation of students in Iranian films during that period. In this article, we use the theoretical concept of Comolli and Narboni (in: Browne N (ed) Cahiers du cinema, volume III: the politics of representation BFI London, 1990, pp 58–67) who argue that every film is political, inasmuch as it is determined by the ideology which produces it. A narrative analysis was conducted in order to analyze and discuss the dominant themes and modes of representation of the student movement during that period. For this purpose, twelve Iranian films have been selected through purposeful sampling spanning the indicated study period. Based on the cultural policy of the Islamic Left, it was assumed that the students’ cinematic image would serve to depict the realm of civil society and elaborate on the student’s involvement in political matters. In contrast, however, our findings show that the common themes in these films rather display the students’ personal goals that consist of the search for a professional occupation, stable income and romantic relationship. Hence, the results show that the Islamic Left failed to empower the student movement with their culture policy and thereby weakens its authenticity for and connection with the student movement. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
Journal of Environmental Studies (23456922)46(4)pp. 683-702
Water literacy is a new concept in the studies of water demand management that calculates the water knowledge, attitude and behavior of people in a society. This research used surveys and questionnaires to account the water literacy of citizens in Isfahan city and examined the roles of different variables, such as education, gender, income and employment by statistical analysis. For this purpose, the sampling society was selected citizens older than 20 years in which questionnaires were collected from 398 people. Results showed that the mean score of water literacy among citizens were 43.5 (out of 100). Here, only 1% of respondents could achieve a score above 66, while 10% were below 33. Water knowledge could receive the lowest score (34.1), while attitude had the highest score (47.6). Although the regression analysis indicated that the three pillars of water literacy were relatively independent, behavior and attitude had the highest correlation with water literacy. Comparative analysis also revealed that having college education, stable job, high income or higher age (>40) could significantly increase the water literacy. This index was higher for men than women as well. These outcomes show that water literacy and its components can be quantified in urban areas. © 2021 Journal of Environmental Studies. All rights reserved.
Dehcheshmeh, Faranak,
Safdari - dehcheshmeh, F.,
Noroozi, M.,
Taleghani, F.,
Memar, S. Journal of Education and Health Promotion (22779531)11(1)
BACKGROUND: One of the most basic life events is fertility or reproduction, which, although known as a social phenomenon, is a complex and multidimensional concept with economic, cultural, political, and religious significance. The present study aims to explain the pattern of childbearing behaviors in couples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a focused ethnographic qualitative research. Participants of this study will be 20-35 years old couples who, using purposeful sampling method, will be selected from comprehensive health centers, ultrasound centers, laboratories, premarital counseling centers, offices of obstetricians and midwives, universities, shopping centers, cinemas, parks, restaurants, and entertainment centers in Isfahan, Iran. Sampling will continue considering the strategy of maximum variation in terms of age, occupation, education, and economic status until data saturation is reached. Data will be collected through semi-structured and in-depth individual interviews, focus group discussions, observation, field notes, daily notes, and document analysis. Simultaneous with data collection, the data will be analyzed using the thematic analysis method based on Braun and Clarke's approach. CONCLUSION: This present study is expected to lead to a deep understanding and identification of the attitudes, beliefs, and values of couples with regard to childbearing. Moreover, by understanding the pattern of childbearing behaviors of couples, useful information will be provided to the policymakers and planners for effective planning in the field of healthy childbearing. The findings can also be used in reproductive health counseling for newly married couples and community-based interventions.
Family Process (15455300)61(1)pp. 436-450
Divorce has received scant attention in Iran, despite the problems that arise for individuals and families and in social life. The present study aimed to find the divorce process of the Iranian couples among whom the woman was the divorce initiator. For this purpose, interviews were conducted, using the grounded theory method, with 34 Iranian divorcing men and women (women initiating a divorce and their spouses) to investigate their divorce experience. The results revealed that the psychological, communication, cultural, and social factors involved in the divorce phenomenon were observed in five stages: (1) emergence of thinking about divorce, (2) hesitation on stay, (3) difficult decision-making, (4) separation, and (5) legal action. Despite more restrictive laws and more complicated social conditions for women initiating divorce than men, the number of women initiating the divorce is increasing in the changing cultural context of Iran. Therefore, we hope that our results on the divorce process help couples, families, and especially professionals plan preventive measures and develop clinical interventions targeting marriage and marital relationships. © 2021 Family Process Institute.
Critical Research on Religion (20503032)(3)
Various political groups were involved in the 1979 Islamic Revolution of Iran, which led to the downfall of the Pahlavi regime. However, Islamic Fundamentalists gradually seized power and eliminated rival ideologies in the 1980s. In the late 1990s, Iranian Reformers won the elections and oversaw the management of the film industry for two four-year administrations until 2005. As liberals and religious democrats, the Reformers supported a modern portrayal of Iranian women in movies. The findings of this research challenge the previous studies that voiced optimism about the new individualistic portrayal of women in Iranian movies. The research methodology is based on Theresa de Lauretis's technologies of gender involving a narrative analysis of sixty-eight Iranian movies produced from 2001 to 2005. Given the political defeat of the Reformers in 2005, the main research question is to what extent has the portrayal of Iranian women gone beyond (or remained under) the ideological domination of Islamic Fundamentalism. © The Author(s) 2022.
