Gashmard R., Hasanpour E., Daman S., Amini P.H., Sefidi M.J.G., Ladani F.K., Bagherieh M., Nabizadeh M.
Publication Date: 2024
Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension (18564550)(8)pp. 342-348
Introduction: Heart disease can have debilitating physical and mental consequences that can affect the care behavior of the elderly. The aim of study was the effect of a support program based on the psychosocial needs of the family on the family care burden of ischemic heart patients. Methods: Science Direct, Pub Med, Google Scholar, SID, MagIran databases were reviewed and electronic data were used to identify the psychosocial needs of the family on the burden of family care of heart patients. In the initial search, 824 articles were obtained, of which 379 duplicate articles were removed. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the number of articles was reduced to 445 articles. Finally, 10 articles were included in study. Results: A total of 824 articles were screened, which led to the selection of 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were included in study. Some studies defined caregivers as family caregivers. Five studies focused on life partners and caregivers of patients. Some studies generally defined caregivers as someone identified by the patient as a caregiver. Conclusion: Providing a training program about the different dimensions of support that family caregivers need reduces the perceived stress of family caregivers of cardiac patients. © 2024, Venezuelan Society of Pharmacology and Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacology. All rights reserved.
Nouri H., Nasri R., Abtahi S.-H.
Publication Date: 2023
International Journal of Retina and Vitreous (20569920)(1)
Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an innovative technology providing visual and quantitative data on retinal microvasculature in a non-invasive manner. Main body: Due to variations in the technical specifications of different OCTA devices, there are significant inter-device differences in OCTA data, which can limit their comparability and generalizability. These variations can also result in a domain shift problem that may interfere with applicability of machine learning models on data obtained from different OCTA machines. One possible approach to address this issue may be unsupervised deep image-to-image translation leveraging systems such as Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks (Cycle-GANs) and Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs). Through training on unpaired images from different device domains, Cycle-GANs and DDPMs may enable cross-domain translation of images. They have been successfully applied in various medical imaging tasks, including segmentation, denoising, and cross-modality image-to-image translation. In this commentary, we briefly describe how Cycle-GANs and DDPMs operate, and review the recent experiments with these models on medical and ocular imaging data. We then discuss the benefits of applying such techniques for inter-device translation of OCTA data and the potential challenges ahead. Conclusion: Retinal imaging technologies and deep learning-based domain adaptation techniques are rapidly evolving. We suggest exploring the potential of image-to-image translation methods in improving the comparability of OCTA data from different centers or devices. This may facilitate more efficient analysis of heterogeneous data and broader applicability of machine learning models trained on limited datasets in this field. © 2023, Brazilian Retina and Vitreous Society.
Shahin, K., Soleimani-delfan, A., He Z., Sansonetti P., Collard J.-M.
Publication Date: 2023
Gut Pathogens (17574749)(1)
The human gut bacteriome is believed to have pivotal influences on human health and disease while the particular roles associated with the gut phageome have not been fully characterized yet with few exceptions. It is argued that gut microbiota can have a potential role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The public microbiota database of ASD and typically developing (TD) Chinese individuals were analyzed for phage protein-coding units (pPCU) to find any link between the phageome and ASD. The gut phageome of ASD individuals showed a wider diversity and higher abundance compared to TD individuals. The ASD phageome was associated with a significant expansion of Caudoviricetes bacteriophages. Phages infecting Bacteroidaceae and prophages encoded within Faecalibacterium were more frequent in ASD than in TD individuals. The expansion and diversification of ASD phageome can influence the bacterial homeostasis by imposing pressure on the bacterial communities. In conclusion, the differences of phages community in in ASD and TD can be used as potential diagnosis biomarkers of ASD. Further investigations are needed to verify the role of gut phage communities in the pathogenesis of ASD. © 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
Noruzi M., Zare, D., Khoshnevisan K., Davoodi D.
Publication Date: 2011
Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy (13861425)(5)pp. 1461-1465
This study reports a green method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of rose petals. The effects of gold salt concentration, extract concentration and extract quantity were investigated on nanoparticles synthesis. Gold nanoparticles were characterized with different techniques such as UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy experiments showed that these nanoparticles are formed with various shapes. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that gold nanoparticles were functionalized with biomolecules that have primary amine group (-NH 2), carbonyl group, -OH groups and other stabilizing functional groups. X-ray diffraction pattern showed high purity and face centered cubic structure of gold nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering technique was used for particle size measurement, and it was found to be about 10 nm. The rate of the reaction was high and it was completed within 5 min. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Ansari Y., Gerasim D., Mahdavinia M.
Publication Date: 2011
African Journal of Agricultural Research (1991637X)(15)pp. 3619-3622
Although agricultural credit is one of the important issues in agriculture, almost no organized study has been done on caring about the distribution and utilization to achieve the agricultural prosperity and economic growth. This analytic and descriptive study was conducted to explore, that factor affecting the efficiency of agricultural facilities from viewpoint of farmers and credit experts. To achieve the objectives of the study, the survey data were collected by an effective and reliable questionnaire designed to this study. Results indicated that the process of agricultural training, low age and higher education of farmer had a positive significance relationship with effectiveness of their earning facilities on the fields of profit, increasing productions employment, and satisfaction with farming. © 2011 Academic Journals.
Hosseini, S.R., Pouryayevali m.r.,
Publication Date: 2011
Nonlinear Analysis, Theory, Methods and Applications (0362546X)(12)pp. 3884-3895
In this paper, a notion of generalized gradient on Riemannian manifolds is considered and a subdifferential calculus related to this subdifferential is presented. A characterization of the tangent cone to a nonempty subset S of a Riemannian manifold M at a point x is obtained. Then, these results are applied to characterize epi-Lipschitz subsets of complete Riemannian manifolds. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Khoshnevisan K., Bordbar, A., Zare, D., Davoodi D., Noruzi M., Barkhi M., Tabatabaei, M.
Publication Date: 2011
Chemical Engineering Journal (1385-8947)(2)pp. 669-673
Cellulase on commercial superparamagnetic nanoparticles was characterized by DLS, and TEM methods in relation to their size and structure. The cellulase enzyme was bound via physical adsorption (ionic bound). FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the successful binding of cellulase (endoglucanase) onto the particle, and binding efficiency was determined at 95% using the Bradford method. The maximal enzyme activity was assessed using CMC as the substrate and was 0.1. unit (μmol/min. ml). The adsorption capacity of cellulase onto nanoparticles reached 31. mg/g. The stability of the immobilized enzyme increased in comparison with the free enzyme. Overall, this study showed that that the stability and activity of the cellulase were enhanced via physical adsorption to the magnetic nanoparticles. This suggested that immobilized enzyme on magnetic beads could be used in an interesting range of application allowing both using in broader temperature and pH ranges, facilitating long-term storage, while permitting magnetic recovery of the enzyme for reuse or purification of the product. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Heravi M.R.P., Loghmani-khouzani, H., Sadeghi, M.M.M., Zendehdel, M., Jackson, R.F.W., Adams, H.
Publication Date: 2009
X-ray Structure Analysis Online (18833578)(4)pp. 43-44
The title compound, 2-(4-methoxybenzylthio)-1-phenylethanone, was synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The space group was Pna21 with the following unit-cell parameters: a = 7.5424(4)Å, b = 11.9347(6)Å, c = 15.2506(7)Å, V = 1372.80(12)Å3 and Z = 4. The final R value was R1 = 0.0274 for 1499 measured reflections. 2009 © The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry.
Asgary S., Moshtaghian, J., Hosseini M., Siadat H.
Publication Date: 2008
Pakistan Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences (1011601X)(4)pp. 460-464
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a leguminous plant with high contents of phytoestrogen and saponin which are both useful in preventing cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to evaluate the preventive effect of dietary alfalfa on the development and the progression of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits. Twenty male rabbits were obtained and kept under standard conditions. After 2 weeks of accommodation to the new place, the animals were semi-randomly distributed into four groups of five each. Animals in Group 1 received basic diet and the ones in Group 2 received the same diet to which 1% cholesterol was added. Groups 3 and 4 received similar diets as Groups 1 and 2 respectively, but supplemented with alfalfa. Each of the four groups was fed with its respected diet for a period of 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected from all animals at the beginning and at the end of the study and blood factors were measured. At the end of the study samples from the right and the left coronary arteries as well as the aorta were collected from all animals for pathological evaluations. Though dietary alfalfa decreased total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride and this effect was not significant, but dietary alfalfa significantly increased HDL. The formation of fatty streaks in the aorta, the right and the left coronary arteries were significantly reduced under the influence of dietary alfalfa. The indication that dietary alfalfa may have preventive effects on the progression of fatty streak formation calls for more studies to clarify the mechanisms of the effect.
Faghihian h., H., Mohammadi M.H.
Publication Date: 2008
Iranian Journal Of Chemistry And Chemical Engineering (10219986)(4)pp. 115-118
Nitrate is an anion of major importance particularly in biological areas. Excessive amounts in water supplies indicate pollution from sewage or agricultural effluents. The effects of excessive quantities of nitrate in water are well known. In this research structural modification of natural clinoptilolite by isomorphic substitution was performed. Isomorphously substituted zeolite was prepared under melting conditions from natural clinoptilolite. It was characterized by XRD, XRF, DIG and SEM techniques. The characterization process revealed that product is different from AlPo. Ion exchange property of the modified product was studied for NO3, NO2, and F' ion. The uptake ofF' was higher than those of NO 3, and NO2,. Anion exchange isotherms were constructed for NO3, and discussed. The ion exchange chromatography and neutron activation technique were used to study the extent of the exchange.
Almodares A., Hadi m.r., , Ahmadpour H.
Publication Date: 2008
African Journal of Biotechnology (16845315)(22)pp. 4051-4055
The aim of this study was to select the most suitable cultivar for salty land in this geographical area. Two sweet sorghum cultivars (Keller and Sofra) and one grain sorghum cultivar (Kimia) were grown in greenhouse benches under four salinity levels of 2, 4, 8 and 12 dSm-1 to evaluate the effects of salinity on stem yield and soluble carbohydrate (sucrose, glucose and fructose). The results showed that in all cultivars as salinity increased, the amount of stem yield and soluble carbohydrate decreased. In all salt concentrations, Keller and Kimia had the highest and the lowest stem yield and sucrose, respectively. At the highest salt concentration (12 dSm-1), Keller had the lowest stem yield reduction (less than 1%) and the highest sucrose content while Kimia had the highest stem yield reduction (more than 18%) and the lowest sucrose content. Therefore, Keller and Kimia can be considered as salt tolerance and salt sensitive cultivars, respectively. As salinity increased, the amount of glucose and fructose in Keller decreased while they increased in Sofra. Increasing glucose and fructose in Sofra is not an indication of its salt tolerance. At the physiological maturity stage, the plant has the highest stem yield and sucrose content while it has the lowest glucose and fructose content than flowering stage. Base on the results, Keller is recommended to be planted under soil salinity conditions and harvested at physiological maturity stage. © 2008 Academic Journals.
Pakravan, G., Foroughmand, A.M., Peymani, M., Ghaedi, K., Hashemi, M., Hajjari M., Nasr-esfahani, M.H.
Publication Date: 2018
Cell Death and Disease (20414889)(7)
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely used powerful chemotherapeutic component for cancer treatment. However, its clinical application has been hampered due to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy upon the cessation of chemotherapy. Previous studies revealed that PPARγ plays a crucial protective role in cardiomyocytes. Modulation of miRNA expression is an applicable approach for prohibition of toxicity induction. Therefore, the aim of present study is uprising of PPARγ transcript levels via manipulation of miRNAs to limit Dox-induced cardiotoxicity in mESCs-derived cardiac cells, as in vitro model cell to provide a simple direct approach for further clinical therapies. Based on bioinformatics data mining, eventually miR-130a was selected to target PPARγ. This miRNA is highly expressed in heart. The expression of miR-130a increases sharply upon Dox treatment while specific antagomiR-130a reverses Dox-induced reduced expression of PPARγ, cellular apoptosis, and inflammation. Our data strongly suggest that antagomiR-130a limits Dox-induced cellular toxicity via PPARγ upregulation and may have clinical relevance to limit in vivo Dox toxicity. © 2018 The Author(s).
Borzooeian Z., Taslim M.E., Ghasemi O., Rezvani S., Borzooeian G., Nourbakhsh A.
Publication Date: 2018
PLoS ONE (19326203)(6)
Parametric separation of carbon nanotubes, especially based on their length is a challenge for a number of nano-tech researchers. We demonstrate a method to combine bio-conjugation, SDS-PAGE, and silver staining in order to separate carbon nanotubes on the basis of length. Egg-white lysozyme, conjugated covalently onto the single-walled carbon nanotubes surfaces using carbodiimide method. The proposed conjugation of a biomolecule onto the carbon nanotubes surfaces is a novel idea and a significant step forward for creating an indicator for length-based carbon nanotubes separation. The conjugation step was followed by SDS-PAGE and the nanotube fragments were precisely visualized using silver staining. This high precision, inexpensive, rapid and simple separation method obviates the need for centrifugation, additional chemical analyses, and expensive spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy to visualize carbon nanotube bands. In this method, we measured the length of nanotubes using different image analysis techniques which is based on a simplified hydrodynamic model. The method has high precision and resolution and is effective in separating the nanotubes by length which would be a valuable quality control tool for the manufacture of carbon nanotubes of specific lengths in bulk quantities. To this end, we were also able to measure the carbon nanotubes of different length, produced from different sonication time intervals. © 2018 Borzooeian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Publication Date: 2018
Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (19313195)12(3)
Hoz-e-Sultan playa is one of the lowest points in the center of Iran, and its size and shape rely on the amount of inlet and outlet discharged water in different seasons of the year. The temperature fluctuations are the significant variations in the surface of the playa that increases the maximum salinity and saline layer level. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the spatial-temporal changes and salinity rate obtained from 11 sedimentary cores in the study area by principal component analysis, Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST) method. The results indicated that the level of playa decreased about 33.598 km2 during 26 years. The spatial changes occurred in the eastern margin in the south of playa. Finally, a significant relationship was observed between the SI and the real salinity, and the NDSI and LST also increase the salinity rate related to temperature decrease. © 2018 The Authors.
Eslami M., Shirali Hossein Zade R., Takalloo Z., Mahdevar G., Emamjomeh A., Sajedi R.H., Zahiri J.
Publication Date: 2018
Heliyon (24058440)(7)
Various cold-adapted organisms produce antifreeze proteins (AFPs), which prevent the freezing of cell fluids by inhibiting the growth of ice crystals. AFPs are currently being recognized in various organisms, living in extremely low temperatures. AFPs have several important applications in increasing freeze tolerance of plants, maintaining the tissue in frozen conditions and producing cold-hardy plants by applying transgenic technology. Substantial differences in the sequence and structure of the AFPs, pose a challenge for researchers to identify these proteins. In this paper, we proposed a novel method to identify AFPs, using supportive vector machine (SVM) by incorporating 4 types of features. Results of the two used benchmark datasets, revealed the strength of the proposed method in AFP prediction. According to the results of an independent test setup, our method outperformed the current state-of-the-art methods. In addition, the comparison results of the discrimination power of different feature types revealed that physicochemical descriptors are the most contributing features in AFP detection. This method has been implemented as a stand-alone tool, named afpCOOL, for various operating systems to predict AFPs with a user friendly graphical interface. © 2018 The Authors
Keivani M., Mardaneh M., Koochi A., Rezaei M., Abadyan M.
Publication Date: 2016
Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures (13869477)pp. 60-69
Herein, the dynamic pull-in instability of cantilever nanoactuator fabricated from conductive cylindrical nanowire with circular cross-section is studied under the presence of Casimir force. The Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity in combination with the couple stress theory is employed to incorporate the coupled effects of surface energy and size phenomenon. Using Green-Lagrange strain, the higher order surface stress components are incorporated in the governing equation. The Dirichlet mode is considered and an asymptotic solution, based on the path integral approach, is applied to consider the effect of the Casimir attraction. Furthermore, the influence of structural damping is considered in the model. The nonlinear governing equation is solved using analytical reduced order method (ROM). The effects of various parameters on the dynamic pull-in parameters, phase planes and stability threshold of the actuator are demonstrated. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
Gholami, M., Talaie m.r., M.R., Aghamiri, S.
Publication Date: 2016
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers (18761070)pp. 205-209
In this study, a series of experiments was carried out to find the optimum condition for grafting 3-[2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyltrimethoxysilane (here after TRI) on bi-modal porous structure MCM-41 (here after BPS-MCM-41). The Taguchi experimental design L9 orthogonal array (OA, three factors in three levels) was applied to investigate the effect of temperature, water to solid support ratio, and TRI to solid support ratio on the amine grafting and CO2 adsorption performance of amine grafted BPS-MCM-41 structure. The ratio of adsorbed CO2 to consumed TRI was selected as the objective function of optimization. The optimum conditions for the BPS-MCM-41 were 85 °C, the water to support ratio of 0.3 cc/g, and the aminosilane to support ratio of 1.5 cc/g. The amine grafting of BPS-MCM-41 in this condition resulted in 2.31 mmol/g adsorption capacity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the most significant effect on the response was exerted by the amount of TRI used, while the reaction temperature was found to be the least influential. © 2015 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers.
Mehrnoosh N., Rezaei dolatabadi, H.
Publication Date: 2016
International Business Management (discontinued) (19935250)(5)pp. 611-618
This study analyses the impact of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on information technology adoption and performance of employees. For this purpose, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is used. In the proposed model, the dependent variable of employee performance was added and the independent variables influence attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on the dependent variables of behavioral intention to use IT, the actual use of the system and employee performance is investigated. The statistical population 2160 people of administrative employees of three universities of universities in Isfahan (University of Isfahan, Isfahan University of Technology and University of Khorasgan) is formed. To descriptive analyse the demographic data the statistical methods are used. For article literature, the libraries method and for collecting data, the field method is used. Since, the purpose of this research is particular model test of the relationship between the variables that have with each other causality, analysis method used in this research is Structural Equation Model. Reliability and validity of the PLS Method in two parts is examined: the section on measurement models and the structural model. To check the fit of the first part means models fitting for measuring, the three cases are used: reliability index, convergent validity and divergent validity. The research results confirm the hypothesized model. This study presents results obtained of research are discussed. © Medwell Journals, 2016.
Sun S., Ali, A.B., Babadoust, S., Al-zahiwat, M.M., Kumar R., Chaudhary R.R., Abduvalieva D., Salahshour, S., Emami n., N.
Publication Date: 2025
International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer (7351933)
This study explored the effect of nanovoid size on the mechanical properties of polymer‑carbon matrices through detailed molecular dynamics simulations. The investigation focused on spherical nanovoids with radii of 5, 7, 10, 12, and 15 Å, evaluating their effects on critical mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus and ultimate strength. The Tersoff potential was employed to accurately model the atomic and mechanical behavior of the polymer‑carbon matrix, considering the presence of these nanovoids. The simulation results indicate that the potential energy and total energy stabilized at −132,279.23 eV and − 131,522.4 eV, respectively, confirming the physical stability of simulated samples. On the other hand, the findings reveal that for a nanovoid radius of 5 Å, the ultimate strength and Young's modulus were 36.41 GPa and 424.93 GPa, respectively. As the radius of nanovoids increased from 5 Å to 15 Å, both ultimate strength and Young's modulus exhibited a decreasing trend, with values dropping from 36.41 GPa and 424.93 GPa to 31.18 GPa and 364.39 GPa, respectively. Moreover, larger nanovoids contributed to increased flexibility and a higher critical strain in the polymer‑carbon matrix. This systematic analysis of nanovoid size effects provided a new perspective on void engineering within composites. By enhancing the theoretical understanding of how void dimensions affected material properties, the study offered significant insights for optimizing the mechanical performance of advanced materials and advancing the field of structural engineering. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Abbasi M., Grad S.-M., Théra M.A.
Publication Date: 2025
SIAM Journal on Optimization (10526234)(2)pp. 818-841
This work proposes a general framework for analyzing the behavior at its extrema of an extended real-valued function assumed neither convex nor differentiable and for which the classical Fermat rules of optimality do not apply. The tools used for building this framework are the notions of sup-subdifferential, recently introduced by two of the authors together with Kruger, and partial sup-subdifferentials. The sup-subdifferential is a nonempty enlargement of the Moreau-Rockafellar subdifferential that satisfies most of its fundamental properties and enjoys certain calculus rules. The partial sup-subdifferentials are obtained by breaking down the sup-subdifferential into one-dimensional components through basis elements and play the same role as the partial derivatives in the Fermat optimality rules. Copyright © by SIAM. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
Mohammadi S., Balouei F., Amini, S., Rabiei-Dastjerdi H.
Publication Date: 2025
Natural Hazards (0921030X)(1)pp. 245-268
Earthquakes pose significant natural hazards and impact populations worldwide. Iran is among the most susceptible countries to seismic activity, making comprehensive earthquake risk assessment crucial. This study employs geospatial methods, including integrating satellite, ground-based, and auxiliary data to model earthquake risk across this country. A Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is used to generate earthquake hazard probability and vulnerability layers, considering factors such as slope, elevation, fault density, building density, proximity to main roads, proximity to buildings, population density, and earthquake epicenter, magnitude, proximity to the epicenter, depth density, peak ground acceleration (PGA). The results highlight high-risk areas in the Alborz and Zagros Mountain ranges and coastal regions. Moreover, the findings indicate that 39.7% (approximately 31.7 million people) of Iran’s population resides in high-risk zones, with 9.6% (approximately 7.7 million) located in coastal areas vulnerable to earthquakes. These findings offer valuable insights for crisis management and urban planning initiatives. © The Author(s) 2024.
Dastbasteh R., Padashnik f., , Crespo P.M., Grassl M., Sharafi J.
Publication Date: 2025
Designs, Codes, and Cryptography (9251022)(1)pp. 79-93
Let a and b be two non-zero elements of a finite field Fq, where q>2. It has been shown that if a and b have the same multiplicative order in Fq, then the families of a-constacyclic and b-constacyclic codes over Fq are monomially equivalent. In this paper, we investigate the monomial equivalence of a-constacyclic and b-constacyclic codes when a and b have distinct multiplicative orders. We present novel conditions for establishing monomial equivalence in such constacyclic codes, surpassing previous methods of determining monomially equivalent constacyclic and cyclic codes. As an application, we use these results to search for new linear codes more systematically. In particular, we present more than 70 new record-breaking linear codes over various finite fields, as well as new binary quantum codes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Ghaffarpasand o., O., Blake R., Shalamzari Z.D.
Publication Date: 2024
Environmental Science and Pollution Research (9441344)(39)pp. 51619-51632
This paper analyses the intertwined impacts of the 2018 US sanctions on Iran and the COVID-19 pandemic (as examples of unplanned international conflicts and global crises) on the source and extent of air pollution in Tehran, the capital of Iran. The impacts are parametrized using the levels of criteria air pollutants (CAP) for 5 years (2015–2020), which were previously deweathered using the promising machine learning technique of Random Forest (RF). The absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) method and the bivariate polar plot (BPP) technique are used here to analyze the source apportionment profile of the city for the business as usual (BAU; 2015 to 2018), sanctions (2019), and COVID-19 and sanctions (2020) intervals. The results show the severe impact of the 2018 US sanctions on Tehran’s air quality (AQ); O3, NO2, CO, PM2.5, and PM10 levels increased by 117%, 55%, 20%, 35%, and 10%, respectively, while SO2 levels decreased by 30%. The sanctions also triggered a number of events, such as the disruption of the high-grade fuel supply chain and the Mazut crisis, which directly or indirectly accelerated the photochemical production of local tropospheric ozone to some extent. Sanctions also disrupted Tehran’s AQ response to the pandemic, with CAP levels decreasing by only 2–7% during the pandemic. The ozone and PM10 BPPs show that the source apportionment profile of the city is dominated by local anthropogenic emission sources, especially urban transport, after the sanctions and the pandemic. Results also show that the impact of soft wars, such as the US sanctions against Iran, on urban air quality degradation is much stronger than that of hard wars, such as the Russia-Ukraine war. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Alinian P., Mohammadi, R., Parvaneh, A., Rejali A.
Publication Date: 2024
2025 29th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, CSICC 2025pp. 217-235
Recent economic developments of countries like Japan, Korea, and Singapore, as a result of improvement in the quality of their education, show that having a high-quality education may lead to economic growth. In this article, using some statistical methods, we argue that high quality education can change the economy towards higher growth. Therefore, for the development of the country, one should think about how to improve its education. One of the effective ways to improve the quality of education is to increase the efficiency of teachers and attract talented people to teaching positions. Research shows that raising teachers' salaries, along with a proper quality improvement program, can help facilitate this process. © 2024 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mosavian S.Y., Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi R., Hamidi Z., Parhizkar J., Kamali F., Mosavian S.D.
Publication Date: 2024
Biomedical Materials and Devices (27314812)(2)pp. 1215-1224
This paper presents the synthesis of Fluorapatite particles (FA; Ca10 (PO4)6F2) as biomaterials for bone regeneration and dentistry. The particles were synthesized by mechanically activating CaHPO4, Ca(OH)2 and CaF2, which served as the precursor materials. Subsequently, the precursors were heated under a non-isothermal condition using simultaneous thermo-gravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The heating rates employed were 7, 10, and 15 °C min−1, and the process was conducted up to 1100 °C in an Ar atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to analyze the phase composition. To determine the activation energy variation with the degree of conversion (α), four isoconversional methods: starink, KAS, FWO, and Friedman were employed for the kinetic study of synthesizing Fluorapatite particles under non-isothermal conditions. The results indicate that the activation energy does not change with α. The empirical kinetic triplets (E, A, and g(a)) were calculated using a fitting model and the invariant kinetic parameters (IKP) method. By combining the isoconversional methods, IKP, and the fitting model, the obtained kinetic model was identified as Diffusion-controlled of third order (D3) with gα=[1-1-a13]2. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2024.
Mousavi M., Jafarpour Ghalehteimouri K., Bagheri Kashkouli A., Bayramzadeh N.
Publication Date: 2024
GeoJournal (3432521)(4)
This study addresses the persistent challenge of development disparities in Iran’s border regions. Despite the nation's commitment to reducing the development gap between its border and central areas, existing planning documents lack a specific and effective model to achieve this goal. To tackle this issue, we employ the Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process methods within the ArcGIS framework and the Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) Model to assess and rank 54 development indicators across Iran’s 16 border provinces. These indicators cover demographics, economics, social well-being, cultural factors, communication, and transportation infrastructure, as well as health and environmental aspects. Our systematic evaluation of these indicators provides a comprehensive vision for the future development of these border regions, highlighting the disparities among them. The findings underscore the importance of a more focused and equitable approach to regional development. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers and contributes to the growing body of knowledge on regional development, emphasizing the need for balanced and sustainable progress in Iran’s border regions. The lack of comprehensive planning and policies has led investments and expenditures to focus in the same direction, worsening regional disparities in border areas. As a result, development barriers continue due to the implementation of planning and policies within the same decision-making system. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
