Matin, H.,
Savari, Y.,
Etemadi toudeshki, O.,
Fatehizade, M.,
Ghasemzadeh, M.,
Khoury, B. Publication Date: 2024
Current Psychology (19364733)43(20)pp. 18404-18414
The purpose of this study was to investigate Iranian women’s experiences of the consequences of self-compassion as an intrapersonal source in marital relationships.The descriptive-interpretive qualitative method was adopted in this study. In the first step, we used the self-compassion scale to select a sample of 15 women (Mean Age = 47.66 years, SD = 2.46 years). In the second step, semi-structured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study suggested that self-compassion can bring cognitive, emotional, and behavioral resources to women in a marital relationship. Based on thematic analysis, the experiences of compassionate women in marital relationships were classified into three main themes and nine sub-themes: favorable behaviors (forgiveness, respect, and empathy), cognitive resources (optimism, cognitive emotion regulation, acceptance of own and partner imperfections), and positive feelings and emotions (happiness, safeness, satisfaction). Results imply that self-compassion may involve a set of positive intrapersonal self-resources containing a plethora of cognitive, affective, and behavioral benefits that may help achieve, maintain, and consolidate interpersonal relationships such as marital relationships. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Publication Date: 2023
Journal of Applied Psychological Research (22518126)14(2)pp. 1-18
This study’s objective was to evaluate the efficacy of emotion-oriented couple therapy on cognitive emotion regulation and marital adjustment in parents of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In this study, a single-case A-B-A design was utilized. In 2020, couples in Isfahan with children aged 7 to 11 years old and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder comprised the statistical population of this investigation. Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Revised Marital Adjustment Scale (RDAS), and the fourth edition of the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Scale (Parent Form) (SNAP-IV) were utilized in this study. Three couples were selected using purposive sampling and participated in eight sessions of emotion-focused couple therapy. The effect of the treatment was determined by calculating the percentage of non-overlapping data (POD) and the percentage of overlapping data (PND) using visual analysis and SPSS-20 statistical software. The results showed that emotion-oriented couple therapy had a positive and statistically significant effect on cognitive regulation of emotion and marital adjustment of parents with children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (PND= 66/67% to 100%), and that the treatment’s effects persisted during follow-up. Based on the findings of the current study, emotion-focused couple therapy can be used as an effective intervention to improve adjustment and emotion regulation in couples with children who have attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. © The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2022
Family Process (15455300)61(1)pp. 436-450
Divorce has received scant attention in Iran, despite the problems that arise for individuals and families and in social life. The present study aimed to find the divorce process of the Iranian couples among whom the woman was the divorce initiator. For this purpose, interviews were conducted, using the grounded theory method, with 34 Iranian divorcing men and women (women initiating a divorce and their spouses) to investigate their divorce experience. The results revealed that the psychological, communication, cultural, and social factors involved in the divorce phenomenon were observed in five stages: (1) emergence of thinking about divorce, (2) hesitation on stay, (3) difficult decision-making, (4) separation, and (5) legal action. Despite more restrictive laws and more complicated social conditions for women initiating divorce than men, the number of women initiating the divorce is increasing in the changing cultural context of Iran. Therefore, we hope that our results on the divorce process help couples, families, and especially professionals plan preventive measures and develop clinical interventions targeting marriage and marital relationships. © 2021 Family Process Institute.
Publication Date: 2021
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)62(2)pp. 83-103
Despite the increase in divorce rates in Iran in recent years, research has focused less on its process. To this end, 32 men and women among Iranian divorcing couples in which the man was divorce initiator were interviewed with a purposive and theoretical method. The divorce process revealed itself through coding the interviews based on the grounded theory method in the following four stages: 1) the unexpected start of the marriage; 2) the breakdown of relationship; 3) the surprising divorce proposal; and 4) the legal action. These stages presented a relatively clear image of divorce process of Iranian couples in which the man was initiator. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2021
Pajouhan Scientific Journal (24236276)19(5)pp. 27-35
Aims Positive parent-child interactions promote children’s social, cognitive, and emotional skills development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting parent-child interactions. Participants & Method The present study was conducted with a qualitative method and inductive approach. Participants were parents (15 people) and specialists (3 people) in Isfahan who were selected by purposive sampling method according to the inclusion criteria. Individuals’ experiences were assessed using a semi-structured interview tool. Data were saturated with 18 interviews and coded and analyzed by Atridesterling (2001) thematic analysis method. Findings In the first stage of coding, 79 basic themes were extracted from the interviews. In the second stage, based on the maximum consistency of the obtained concepts were abstracted 15 organizing themes. In the third stage, 4 themes including positive parenting; authoritative parenting; resilience; environmental diversity were identified as comprehensive themes related to the effective factors in positive parent-child interactions. Data validation was performed by the participants’ feedback and independent coders methods. Also, in order to validate the topics, a group of experts (3experts) was used and the criteria for determining the accuracy and robustness of the data were reviewed and approved. Conclusions The results show that parents’ awareness of parenting practices, how to use positive coping strategies, and enrich children by increasing environmental attractiveness, are important and effective factors in improving parent-child interactions. Therefore, it is suggested that these factors be considered in the development of special education programs for parents and children. © 2021, the Authors.
Publication Date: 2019
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)60(3)pp. 171-182
Rumination can cause numerous problems for an individual. Previous studies have indicated that the tendency of women toward rumination is greater than that of men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate how rumination might affect marital conflict in Iranian women. This qualitative study has a thematic analysis design. Using purposeful sampling, women were recruited to be interviewed using a semistructured manual, and the sampling continued until it reached saturation (N = 63). Analysis of the data showed that findings could be grouped into 5 themes: insecure attachment style, deteriorating behaviors, deactivation, uncertainty about the relationship, and negative emotions. The finding of this research is that when marital conflicts are not solved, insecure attachment styles are activated, possibly resulting in rumination. As a result, rumination will exacerbate the negative emotions and marital relationship quality. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Publication Date: 2019
Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work (15426440)38(3)pp. 313-326
The family of origin plays an essential role in Iranian society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family of origin functioning and intrapersonal and interpersonal skills among Iranian Muslim men and women in Iran. For this correlation study, 193 men and 277 women were recruited using available sampling from a Muslim population. To collect the data, the Family Assessment Device (FAD), Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Skills Scale (IISCS) were administered. Analyzing the data using stepwise regression indicated no significant difference between the mean scores for the FAD and the IISCS in terms of age, gender, education, duration of the marriage, and the number of children. However, the correlation between predictor variables of the family of origin functioning and predicted variables of intrapersonal and interpersonal skills among Muslim men and women showed to be significant. In addition, the construct of intrapersonal skills was highly correlated with the construct of family roles. This study adds to the literature on family of origin by examining the relationship between family of origin functioning and intrapersonal and interpersonal skills and shows the importance of family of origin functioning for Iranian couples. In addition, it has some implications for researchers and practitioners. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
Publication Date: 2018
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (discontinued) (09739122)12(1)pp. 192-197
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of integrative approach (Imago therapy and schema therapy) on girls’ love addiction in Isfahan. The method of this study was of semi experimental and pretest-posttest type with control group. The statistical society of this study included girls referred to consultation and cultural center of Isfahan. Among these individual 30 persons who obtained the required mark in Pibody’ addiction to love questionnaire; were selected and 15 individuals assigned to experimental group and the other 15 to control one. The study hypotheses was as follow: integrative approach (imago therapy and schema therapy) is effective on girls’ love addiction. The dependent variable was girls’ love addiction which were evaluated using Pibody’ addiction to love questionnaire. The independent variable was integrative approach (imago therapy and schema therapy) which was enforced in one experiment group and 8 individual sessions. The data were analyzed with covariance analysis by SPSS software. The results showed that integrative approach has improved girls’ love addiction. © 2018, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved.
Shahriarzadeh, F.,
Kelishadi, R.,
Fatehizade, M.,
Hassanzadeh, A.,
Askari, G. Publication Date: 2017
Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595)35(426)pp. 412-421
Background: The prevalence of children obesity is increasing all over the world. Healthy diet is one of the interventions for obesity treatment. Behavioral therapy approaches can affect child’s food behaviors. One of these approaches is motivational interviewing. Methods: This study was a paralleled randomized clinical trial. 96 children were randomly allocated to 3 groups: first group, diet and motivational interview, second group, diet, and the third one, control. Participants were under intervention for 8 weeks. Anthropometric indecies and blood pressure were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. To make sure about the maintenance of intervention effects, participates were assessed 3 month later again. Adherence to diet was assessed by measuring healthy eating index. Findings: The mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in first (P < 0.001) and second (P = 0.001) groups decreased after intervention, but this difference were not significant in control group. In first group, this reduction was more than the second group. The mean blood pressure had no significant difference between the 3 groups. The mean healthy eating index was higher in first group than the second group. There was an inverse relation between healthy eating index with body mass index and waist circumference (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Healthy diet can reduce mean body mass index and waist circumference in overweight and obese children. Using diet therapy with motivational interview increases this effect and also the adherence to diet. © 2017, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All Rights Reserved.
Publication Date: 2016
Asian Social Science (discontinued) (19112025)12(7)pp. 202-211
Because of the negative effects of marital infidelity followed to determine the reasons for clinicians and researchers is important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of men marital infidelity. The approach used in the current study was a qualitative research method.To collect data, semi-structured interviews were used. Interview content analysis and categorization codes revealed that the reasons for marital infidelity placed in several categories. Sexual (seeking happiness and freshness due to marriage burnout, having new sexual experiences, sensation seeking, and wife sloppiness), emotional (marital conflicts, crises of life, loss of self, and emotion and though sharing), and external factors (power, having the opportunity to relationship, confidence and support received from friends, attitude or entitlement, de inhibition due to drug use). These categorizations have implications for clinicians and researchers. Therapists working with infidelity should consider these factors in prevention programs and family enrichment. © 2016, Asian Social Science. All Right Received.
Publication Date: 2014
Psychological Studies (00332968)59(3)pp. 309-315
This study investigated the relationship of quality of adolescent’s attachment to mother, father, and peers with depression. 785 high school students (49.7 % male and 50.3 % female) aged between 15 and 17 years completed the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) as well as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). In case of boys the results showed that their attachment to mother, father, and peers were meaningful predictors of depression during adolescence. Similar trend was noted for girls. Attachment to mother across both genders accounted for greater variance in depression in comparison to attachment to father and/or attachment to peers. Cultural implications are addressed. © 2014, National Academy of Psychology (NAOP) India.
Ghaffari, M.,
Fatehizade, M.,
Ahmadia, S.A.,
Ghasemia, V.,
Baghbana, I. Publication Date: 2013
Europe's Journal of Psychology (18410413)9(4)pp. 731-743
The main purpose of this study was to construct and validate a scale for measuring marital justice. A sample of three hundred and four voluntary and unpaid married participants (194 females, 110 males), aged between 20 and 35 years old (29.01 ± 4.44 years), were selected randomly through multi-stage sampling in Isfahan, Iran; the participants included in this sample had preschool child/children, were all in the first decade of marriage, and had at least eight grades of education. All participants were asked to complete the Marital Justice Scale (MJS), the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (R-DAS; Busby, Christensen, Crane, & Larson, 1995), and the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ; Sanai Zaker, 2000). The exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors labelled 'Procedural/interactional justice' (twelve items) and 'Distributive justice' (eight items) which accounted for 66.70% of the total variance. The convergent and discriminant validity of the 20-item MJS were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of marital quality and marital conflict. All correlation coefficients between the mean scores of the MJS and the scores of the RDAS and the MCQ were statistically significant. The obtained internal consistency was markedly high (Cronbach's α =.97). The test-retest reliability of the MJS was.87. The results suggest that the MJS is a reliable and valid measure; however, further studies should be carried out in other countries, based on different age groups and socio-economic levels, various developmental stages of family life cycles, diverse cultures and sub-cultures, and according to gender difference so as to validate the MJS.
Publication Date: 2013
Europe's Journal of Psychology (18410413)9(4)pp. 783-797
The purpose of this research was to explore the role of General Factor of Personality (GFP) and adult attachment dimensions in marital quality through relationship attributions and emotional reactions. The sample consisted of 261 couples who were married at least more than one year and had no major stressful events in their lives up to the time of the study. In this study, the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire-Revised (ECR-R), the Relationship Attribution Measure (RAM), the Geneva Emotion Wheel (GEW), and the Perceived Relationship Quality Components (PRQC) were used for collecting the data. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The results suggest that attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and GFP directly and indirectly, through relationship attributions and emotional reactions, were related to marital quality. In addition, relationship attributions are antecedent to emotional reactions. Based on the findings, an intrapersonal-situational model of marital quality is suggested.
Khorvash, F.,
Askari, G.,
Vesal, S.,
Mehrbod, N.,
Ghasemi, H.,
Fatehizade, M.,
Ghasemi, G.,
Iraj, B.,
Ebneshahidi, A. Publication Date: 2013
International Journal Of Preventive Medicine (20088213)4
Background: University entrance is accompanied by major changes in social relationship, rules, and expectations that lead to psychological disorders in susceptible students. The goal of this research is to study the anxiety rate in Iranian medical residents in 2010-2011. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. It contains 370 medical residents from the 1st year to the 4th year of medical universities in Isfahan, Gilan, Zahedan, Sanandaj, and Kashan. The stratified sampling method proportionate to volume of participants is used in this study. The information is collected based on researchers’ questioners and Zung self-rating anxiety scale and analyzed with the use of spss software version 16, addition to descriptive and analytic tests (Pearson, one-way analysis of variance, t-test). Meaningful level is regarded as P ≤ 0.05. Results: The study showed that more than 92% of residents participated in the study did not demonstrate anxiety. Among 370 subjects 5.5% presented with mild symptoms of anxiety and no one had symptom of severe anxiety. A meaningful statistical relationship was observed between anxiety and sex, major of study and the city of study (P < 0.05). The results showed a positive meaningful relationship between the number of visits and the score of anxiety. On average the number of night floats were two in 1 week and the number of patient visit was 19 in the past 24 h. A meaningful statistical relationship between anxiety score and number of patient visits was observed. Conclusions: The anxiety rate in medical students in this study compared to the findings of previous studies reveled very low anxiety in medical residents. The low rate of anxiety could be attributed to the sense of job security and the hope for a better future among residents. The high percentage of anxiolytics abuse and absence of anxiety producing factors among residents in addition to inaccurate response to the questionnaire may all contribute to the low rate of anxiety in this study. © 2013, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2013
Iranian Journal Of Psychiatry And Behavioral Sciences (17358639)7(2)pp. 57-67
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of spiritual well-being and family protective factors on the family strength in a propositional structural model. Methods: The research population consisted of all the married people of the Isfahan, Iran, in 2012 with preschool-aged children and in the first decade of marriage with at least eight grades of educational level. Three hundred and ninety five voluntary and unpaid participants were selected randomly through multi-stage sampling from seven regions of the city. The instruments used were the Spiritual Well-being Scale, Inventory of Family Protective Factors, and Family Strength Scale. Descriptive statistics and a structural equation modeling analytic approach were used. Results: The analytic model predicted 82% of the variance of the family strength. The total effect of the spiritual well-being on the family strength was higher compared to the family protective factors. Furthermore, spiritual well-being predicted 43% of the distribution of the family protective factors and had indirect effect on the family strength through the family protective factors (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study confirmed the interrelationships among spiritual well-being and family protective factors, and their simultaneous effects on family strength. Family counselors may employ an integrated spiritual-religious/resilient perspective to inform their strength-based work with individuals and their families.
Publication Date: 2012
Europe's Journal of Psychology (18410413)8(3)pp. 363-374
The present study evaluated the relations between anxious attachment styles and rejection sensitivity, and the potential mediating role of self-esteem and worry. A sample of 125 Iranian college students completed surveys assessing rejection sensitivity, attachment style, worry and self-esteem. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses were conducted. Results show that there is a significant positive relationship between anxious attachment styles and rejection sensitivity. The study suggests that a higher score in anxious attachment styles is associated with a higher level of worry and lower level of self-esteem and it is also associated with higher level of rejection sensitivity. Furthermore, there is a positive significant relationship between worry and rejection sensitivity and there is a negative significant relationship between self-esteem and rejection sensitivity. Results indicate that self-esteem and worry mediate the relationship between anxious attachment styles and rejection sensitivity.
Publication Date: 2012
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (1560652X)17(4)pp. 1-9
Background and Aim: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and depression, anxiety, stress and social phobia among students in Isfahan University. Material and Method: This is a cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytic). The study population was students of Isfahan University, in Iran. 71 students (36 girls and 35 boys) were randomly entered into the study. We used Young's internet addiction test (IAT), depression anxiety stress scale (DASS) and social phobia inventory (SPIN). The data were analysed by correlation and regression analysis. Results: The results indicated a significant correlation between internet addiction and each clinical variable (depression, anxiety, stress and social phobia (p<0.001). Also the results of regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between internet addiction and the set of these clinical variables (r=0.62). These clinical variables can predict 39% of addiction to the internet (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the current study implied that the set of these clinical variables (depression, anxiety, stress and social phobia) can predict internet addiction.
Publication Date: 2011
Iranian Journal Of Psychiatry And Behavioral Sciences (17358639)5(2)pp. 99-105
Objective: Impulsivity appears to play an important role in suicidal behavior. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare the impulsivity, substance abuse, and family/friends history of suicide attempt between suicide-ideated and non suicide-ideated university students. Methods: The research population consisted of all the students of the University of Isfahan in the academic year of 2009-2010. Three hundred and forty students (136 boys and 204 girls) were selected randomly through cluster sampling, of whom 53 participants were suicide-ideated and the rest were non suicide-ideated. The instruments used in this study were the 11th version of Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Suicide Ideation Questionnaire, and the demographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance were used to examine hypothesis. Results: There was a significant difference between suicide ideated and non-suicide ideated subjects in impulsivity (F=3.83, p< 0.001). Accordingly, significant differences were observed between two groups in attentional (F=8.12, p<0.005), motor (F=7.67, p< 0.006), and non-planning (F=4.60, p< 0.033) impulsiveness. The results showed a higher incidence of substance abuse, and family/friends suicide attempt among suicide-ideated compared with non suicide-ideated students. Conclusion: A higher level of impulsivity is probably related to various indices of suicidal behavior. Substance abuse is probably associated with suicidal behavior and this association may involve an interaction with impulsivity. This study provides an initial evidence of familial linkages of suicide ideation and suggests that the loss of an important person in life would be an important predictor of suicide ideation in university students.
Publication Date: 2010
Journal of Divorce and Remarriage (10502556)51(5)pp. 269-292
This study investigates the early maladaptive schema in marital relationship as predictive of divorce in Isfahan, Iran. The sample includes 150 divorce applicant couples and 155 ordinal couples (for a total of 620 participants). The divorced sample was taken from a group of divorce applicants and court clients, and a random multistaged sampling method was used to select the control group. All sample couples were tested on the Early Maladaptive Schema Scale. In spite of the descriptive statistical methods, the discriminate analysis method was applied to analyze the data in this research. The results of the research confirmed our hypothesis and demonstrated that divorce can be predicted based on early maladaptive schema. The results derived from the data analysis are in line with the research literature that indicates that divorce can be predicted based on early maladaptive schemata. In accordance with an early maladaptive schema approach, a model of divorce prevention and marital therapy can be developed. This research can also be applied in clinical and counseling environments to help problematic couples and couples on the threshold of divorce. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
