یکی از تحولات حقوق مسئولیت مدنی، بحث جمعی شدن این گونه مسئولیتهاست. گذشته از تقسیم خطرات، مسئولیت مدنی در زمانهای گذشته جمعی بوده و نتیجۀ فعل زیانبار بر همه قبیله و خانوادۀ فاعل آن فعل تحمیل میشده است. سپس با رشد تمدنها وبا ظهور اصل شخصی بودن، مسئولیت مدنی جنبۀ شخصی به خود گرفت. اما اخیراً در زمان معاصر زمزمههایی از جمعی شدن مسئولیت به شیوۀ علمی بهگوش میرسد که رد پای این ایده را در برخی از قوانین جدید هم میتوان دید.در این راستا بحثهای دیگری مانند اجتماعی کردن خطرات یا اجتماعی کردن جبران خسارت و آثاراین مباحث بر حقوق مسئولیت مدنی قابل تأمل است که با مطالعۀ تطبیقی در حقوق فرانسه در این مقاله مورد بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences (18770428)15pp. 3616-3619
The major purpose of the study was to discover to what extent selected educational systems were using specified management science tools and techniques in their decision making processes. The familiarity of the administrators and the employees with such techniques, and which of the models were used the most were also studied. Finally, the purpose of study was to discover economic and managerial benefits provided by using MS. methods. The results indicated that although academic administrators of Southern California universities used management science models and techniques, but the models were used less than industrial and business organizations.© Published by Elsevier Ltd. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Procedia Computer Science (18770509)3pp. 1296-1303
The objective of the present research is to assess roles of management information system implementation on personnel and managers resistance causes in Isfahan Power Plant Management Corporation in Iran. The research questions were based on effects of management information system implementation on individual, group - social and organizational resistance causes of personnel and managers. With regard to this matter, in this research, the researchers intended to study the effects of management information system implementation on the resistance causes of personnel. Thus the research methodology has been of descriptive with survey research. The findings of research indicated that management information system implementation created individual resistance causes in personnel. But has not created group - social and organizational resistance causes on personnel. Thus, overall it was concluded that management information system implementation created personnel resistance causes. On the other hand, research findings showed that management information system implementation did not created individual, group - social resistance causes on managers. But created organizational resistance causes. Overall, it was concluded that management information system implementation did not create managers resistance causes. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Procedia Computer Science (18770509)3pp. 1243-1248
The purpose of performing of this research is to determine the importance and effectiveness of major factors on electronic customer relation management (ECRM) capabilities in System Group branches. Also it is specified which changes should be created by this company to implementing such system and which capabilities should be stressed in order to gain success based on the existing circumstances in each of the branches. A hierarchical model based on six major dimensions and sixteen indexes has been applied in this research to evaluate preparation of System Group branches for accepting of electronic customer relation management. In this research AHP method is applied to analyze data and Expert Choice software is used as analysis tool. Research results revealed that strategy has the most importance and priority among major factors of preparation for implementing of electronic customer relation management system. Also among the branches of the group that are called hereinafter as "Base", Tehran North Base has the priority in implementation with regard to main dimensions and indexes. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Javadi, H.,
Mehrabi, J.,
Beedel, M.,
Tanhaei, M.H. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (19918178)6(9)pp. 148-153
Anyone who wants to make a right decision needs information. This information has a very strong effect in financial market where managers and stock holders rely on this information in order to make important decisions. Usually a large amount of information not only can not help decision makers, but also make them confused and nervous. Information systems can be helpful to solve this problem.In this paper we examine if information systems and accounting soft wares effect the financial statement transparency. To do so, we asked 86 brokers from 110 brokerage active in Tehran Stock Exchange. Analyzing the results comes from the questionnaires shows that the information systems and accounting soft wares have a significant effect on three main characteristics of financial statement transparency which are being relative, reliability and comparability.
Javadi, H.,
Amirosadat, S.N.,
Balochiyan, R.,
Liravi, F. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (19918178)6(9)pp. 78-84
Consumers are living within a media saturated environment, which limits the effectiveness of advertising. This has led to advertising clutter, most prevalent in traditional mass media. The advertising clutter has resulted in marketers moving their advertising focus toward less cluttered mediums, such as mobile advertising. Mobile advertising allows companies to specifically target the right consumers by looking at age, gender and geographic regions etc. Being able to advertise to such a specified target group is an advantage for companies, however the question remaining is how consumers perceive this form of specific targeting advertising. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the customers' attitudes toward mobile advertising and factors affecting their attitudes.Quantitative data has been collected through a questionnaire. The statements used in the questionnaire are based on previous studies and theories. The data retrieved through the questionnaire has been analyzed using SPSS and Amos. findings shows attitude towards advertising has great impact on attitude towards mobile advertising.
Middle East Journal of Scientific Research (discontinued) (19998147)11(1)pp. 46-52
From ratification of the first law on drugs in 1910 until 2010, different laws have been ratified. These laws, according to political, economical and social situations have similar features. These similar features, in comparison with laws ratified in years later, have been opposite with each other. Therefore, According to this point, we can classify the mentioned legislative procedure in 3 different periods. Apart from the first and the second period, the third period, is related to the laws approved after victory of revolution of Iran. Apart from the law approved in 1978 by the council, the law of these periods in 1986 with combating approach with the subject of "The law of combating against drugs" in 1996 and 2010 has been revised. These revisions have been caused changes in criminal legislative policy of drugs, legal vacuum in relation with the industrial drugs, the revision of the confiscation penalty, the change of attitude of the addicts to drugs, making legal approves on performing and delivering under surveillance., etc are examples of the political development of the legislative criminal policy, where will discussed in this paper. © IDOSI Publications, 2012.
