پژوهش های کاربردی روان شناختی (22518126)12(4)pp. 97-115
هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مقایسۀ اثربخشی الگوی والدگری مبتنی بر نظریۀ کارکردهای اجرایی و برنامۀ بارکلی بر خودکنترلی کودکان مبتلا به نقص‌توجه/بیش‌فعالی است. این مطالعه کاربردی و از نوع کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی است. جامعۀ پژوهش شامل مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال نقص‌توجه/بیش‌فعالی در شهر اصفهان در بهار و تابستان 1398 است که 45 نفر از آنان، برمبنای ملاک‌های ورود و خروج به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه (دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل) و در هر گروه 15 نفر گمارده شدند. از مقیاس ارزیابی خودکنترلی (SCRS) در مراحل مختلف پژوهش برای سنجش متغیر وابسته استفاده شد. گروه آزمایش اول تحت دوازده جلسۀ الگوی والدگری مبتنی بر نظریۀ کارکردهای اجرایی و گروه آزمایش دوم تحت هشت جلسه برنامۀ بارکلی قرار گرفتند و گروه کنترل هیچ‌گونه درمانی دریافت نکردند. داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده به روش تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌های تکرارشده و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS-26 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. الگوی والدگری مبتنی بر نظریه‌های کارکردهای اجرایی و برنامۀ بارکلی بر خودکنترلی کودکان مبتلا به نقص‌توجه/بیش‌فعالی اثرات مشابه و مثبتی دارند (05/0>p)؛ بنابراین الگوی والدگری مبتنی بر نظریه‌های کارکردهای اجرایی و برنامۀ بارکلی به‌منظور بهبود خودکنترلی کودکان مبتلا به نقص‌توجه/بیش‌فعالی در کنار سایر درمان‌های اثربخش، کاربردی هستند.
مدیریت و برنامه ریزی در نظام های آموزشی (24235261)(2)pp. 81-120
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف ساخت مقیاس سنجش رهبری هم‌افزا برای دانشگاه‌ها و اعتباریابی آن در دانشگاه اصفهان انجام شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش از منظر روش، پژوهشی آمیخته با رویکرد اکتشافی متوالی است. جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات در بخش کیفی با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند با 14 نفر از اعضای هیأت علمی با سابقه اجرایی و مدیریت و صاحب‌نظر در دانش مدیریت و رهبری در دانشگاه‌های کشور مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد و با حصول اشباع نظری مصاحبه متوقف شد. که البته یک مصاحبه به دلیل نداشتن اطلاعات مؤثر حذف گردید. در بخش کمی، جامعه آماری، اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه اصفهان، به تعداد 650 نفر بود که تعداد نمونه طبق جدول کرجسی و مورگان 242 نفر تعیین گردید و نمونه‌گیری با روش طبقه‌ای متناسب با حجم انجام شد و پرسش نامه طراحی شده مبتنی بر یافته‌های بخش کیفی میان آنان توزیع شد. برای تعیین روایی در بخش کیفی، از مطالعه مجدد توسط همتا و پژوهشگر استفاده شد و پایایی این بخش با اشباع نظری در مرحله جمع آوری داده‌ها و پایایی بازآزمون معادل90 درصد مورد تأیید قرار گرفت و برای تعیین روایی پرسش نامه محقق ساخته از روایی محتوایی، روایی واگرا و روایی سازه، برای تعیین پایایی پرسش نامه از آلفای کرونباخ (951/0) بهره گرفته شد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: تحلیل بخش کیفی مبتنی بر رویکرد داده بنیاد و تحلیل براساس کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی انجام شد. جهت آزمون اعتبار پرسش نامه با بهره‌گیری از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل عاملی تائیدی روایی (سازه، همگرا، واگرا) و پایایی (ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، پایایی ترکیبی) ابزار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان از برازش مطلوب هریک از گویه‌ها با عوامل داشت و نشان داد هریک از عوامل دارای بار عاملی مناسبی جهت پیش‌بینی ابعاد اصلی پرسشنامه هستند و در نتیجه ابزار طراحی شده از اعتبار و روایی بالایی برخوردار است و توان اندازه‌گیری رهبری هم افزادر دانشگاه‌ها را دارد. در نهایت به‌عنوان نتیجه، فرم نهایی پرسشنامه بدین صورت تنظیم گردید: عوامل علی از طریق 11 گویه، پدیده محوری یا مؤلفه‌های رهبری هم‌افزا از طریق 8 گویه، عامل بستر و زمینه مناسب جهت اجرای رهبری هم‌افزا از طریق 12 گویه، عوامل مداخله‌گر و بازدارنده از طریق 7 گویه، عامل راهبردهای اجرای رهبری هم‌افزا از طریق 13 گویه، و عامل پیامدهای اجرای رهبری هم‌افزا از طریق 12 گویه سنجیده شدند. داده‌های بخش کمی با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی و نرم افزار SPSS و Smart PLS مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت با توجه به نبود ابزار اندازه‌گیری بومی برای رهبری هم‌افزا، به نظر می‌رسد پرسشنامه طراحی شده بتواند این خلأ را برطرف نماید، بنابراین در پژوهش‌هایی که از این پس پیرامون رهبری هم‌افزا، مطالعه و بررسی آن در دانشگاه‌ها انجام بشود می‌توان از این پرسشنامه استفاده نمود. در انتها نیز پژوهشگر، شش عامل الگوی پارادایمی رهبری هم‌افزا را با کدهای محوری آن ها تبیین نموده و پیشنهاداتی کاربردی جهت تحقق رهبری هم افزا در دانشگاه‌ها ارائه نموده است.
اندازه گیری تربیتی (2252004X)(45)pp. 81-113
برخورداربودن دانش آموزان از شایستگی تحصیلی و کسب و ارتقاء آن در فرایند تحصیل، مطلوب هر نظام آموزشی است. وجود ملاکی برای اندازه‌گیری درست شایستگی تحصیلی از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. بر این اساس، در پژوهش حاضر ساخت و اعتبار یابی پرسشنامه شایستگی تحصیلی و شناسایی ابعاد و مولفه های تشکیل دهنده آن مورد هدف قرار گرفته است. جامعه این تحقیق کلیه دانش آموزان دختر و پسر مقطع متوسطه دور اول شهر تبریز بوده که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای تعداد 660 دانش آموز در تحقیق مشارکت داده شدند. ابزار تحقیق شامل پرسشنامه محقق ساخته شایستگی تحصیلی، بر اساس مدل انگیزش و شایستگی مک گرو(2013) بود. روایی محتوایی مقیاس با استفاده از شاخص نسبت روائی محتوا(CVR) و روایی سازه‌ای آن از طریق انجام تحلیل عامل اکتشافی و روایی همزمان آن از طریق محاسبه همبستگی با پرسشنامه خودتنظیمی یادگیری پنتریچ و دیگروت(1999) بدست آمد. برای اطمینان از پایایی ابزار نیز از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده و این ضریب برای مقیاس کلی شایستگی تحصیلی و زیرمقیاس‌های سه گانه جهت‌گیری نسبت به خود، جهت‌گیری نسبت به دیگران، جهت‌گیری نسبت به یادگیری، به ترتیب 96/0، 93/0، 92/0، و 92/0 به‌دست آمده است. نتایج تحلیل عاملی انجام یافته، استخراج 5 عامل معنادار در زیرمقیاس جهت‌گیری نسبت به خود، 6 عامل معنادار در زیرمقیاس جهت‌گیری نسبت به یادگیری و 8 عامل معنادار در زیرمقیاس جهت‌گیری نسبت به دیگران را نشان داد. شاخص‌های نیکویی برازش حاصل از تحلیل عامل تائیدی مرتبه دوم نیز مقیاس نهایی شایستگی تحصیلی با 3 زیرمقیاس اصلی، 19 عامل و 109 آیتم مورد تائید قرار داد. در کل یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که این پرسشنامه از شاخص‌های روانسنجی لازم برای ارزیابی شایستگی تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان مقطع متوسطه دوره اول برخوردار بوده و می‌تواند به-عنوان ابزار مفیدی در حوزه مربوطه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
علی فراهانی،
احمد یارمحمدیان،
مختار ملک پور و
احمد عابدی اندازه گیری تربیتی (2252004X)(30)pp. 165-188
این پژوهش با هدف ساخت و اعتباریابی پرسشنامه احساس عاملیت برای افراد با نقص بینایی انجام گرفت. با این هدف، 450 نفر از افراد با نقص بینایی که به شیوه در دسترس از شهرهای اصفهان، تهران و شیراز انتخاب شدند، مشارکت داشتند. پرسشنامه 33 سوالی برای بررسی احساس عاملیت با استفاده از مبانی نظری و مدل مفهومی ساخته شد و سه مولفه خودکارآمدی، خوشبینی و هدفمندی بعنوان خرده مقیاس‌های آن در نظر گرفته شد. پس از تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط افراد شرکت کننده و حذف موارد ناقص، 400 پرسشنامه انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزارهای SPSS-22 و AMOS-8.5 مورد بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. در نتیجه تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و ماتریس ساختار عامل چرخش یافته مقیاس از طریق روش PC، 3 گویه حذف شد که دو گویه مربوط به مولفه خود کارآمدی و یک گویه مربوط به مولفه خوش بینی بود. در نهایت نتایج تحلیل عاملی تاییدی نشان داد که مدل از برازش مناسبی برخوردار است و می‌تواند به عنوان ابزاری مفید و معتبر در پژوهشهای روان‌شناختی استفاده شود.
اندازه گیری تربیتی (2252004X)(13)pp. 193-211
زمینه: هیجانات تاثیر مهمی بر نگرشها و رفتار دارند. هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی مشخصات روانسنجی مقیاس یادگیری اجتماعی هیجانی در میان نمونه ای از دانش آموزان پسر پایه های چهارم و پنجم دبستان شهر اصفهان اجرا شد. روش: تحقیق حاضر از نوع کاربردی است که به روش زمینه ای انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر عبارت بود از تمامی دانش آموزان پسر پایه های چهارم و پنجم دبستان شهر اصفهان که در سال تحصیلی 90-89 در مدارس این شهر به تحصیل مشغول بودند. یافته ها: ضریب آلفای کرونباخ کل و خرده مقیاس ها به ترتیب 85% ، خود تنظیمی 71%، روابط همسالان 83% و تنظیم تکالیف 79% بود. تحلیل عاملی تاییدی نیز ساختار سه عاملی را تایید کرد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد یک ابزار سه عاملی است و ابزاری معتبر و پایا برای ارزیابی و سنجش ابعاد یادگیری اجتماعی هیجانی دانش آموزان دوره ابتدایی است.
Han J.,
Moradi, S.,
Wang W.,
Li N.,
Zhao Q.,
Luo Z.,
Nejati far, S.,
Abedi, A.,
Ghamarani, A.,
Asanjarani, F. Frontiers in Marine Science (22967745)pp. 373-386
Infrared (IR) small dim target detection under complex background is crucial in many fields, such as maritime search and rescue. However, due to the interference of high brightness background, complex edges/corners and random noises, it is always a difficult task. Especially, when a target approaches a high brightness background area, the target will be easily submerged. In this paper, a new contrast method framework named hybrid contrast measure (HCM) is proposed, it consists of two main modules: the relative global contrast measure (RGCM) calculation, and the small patch local contrast weighting function. In the first module, instead of using some neighboring pixels as benchmark directly during contrast calculation, the sparse and low rank decomposition method is adopted to get the global background of a raw image as benchmark, and a local max dilation (LMD) operation is applied on the global background to recover edge/corner information. A Gaussian matched filtering operation is applied on the raw image to suppress noises, and the RGCM will be calculated between the filtered image and the benchmark to enhance true small dim target and eliminate flat background area simultaneously. In the second module, the Difference of Gaussians (DoG) filtering is adopted and improved as the weighting function. Since the benchmark in the first module is obtained globally rather than locally, and the patch size in the second module is very small, the proposed algorithm can avoid the problem of the targets approaching high brightness backgrounds and being submerged by them. Experiments on 14 real IR sequences and one single frame dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it can usually achieve better detection performance compared to the baseline algorithms from both target enhancement and background suppression point of views. Copyright © 2025 Han, Moradi, Wang, Li, Zhao and Luo.
Gomari M.M.,
Ghantabpour T.,
Pourgholam N.,
Rostami N.,
Hatfield S.M.,
Namazifar F.,
Abkhiz S.,
Eslami S.S.,
Ramezanpour M.,
Darestanifarahani M.,
Astsaturov I.,
Bencherif S.A.,
Fooladvand, M.,
Fooladvand, M.,
Nadi, M.,
Nadi, M.,
Abedi, A.,
Sajjadian, I.,
Sajjadian, I. Cancer Communications (25233548)(5)pp. 529-571
Despite significant advancements in cancer treatment, current therapies often fail to completely eradicate malignant cells. This shortfall underscores the urgent need to explore alternative approaches such as cancer vaccines. Leveraging the immune system's natural ability to target and kill cancer cells holds great therapeutic potential. However, the development of cancer vaccines is hindered by several challenges, including low stability, inadequate immune response activation, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which limit their efficacy. Recent progress in various fields, such as click chemistry, nanotechnology, exosome engineering, and neoantigen design, offer innovative solutions to these challenges. These achievements have led to the emergence of smart vaccine platforms (SVPs), which integrate protective carriers for messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) with functionalization strategies to optimize targeted delivery. Click chemistry further enhances SVP performance by improving the encapsulation of mRNA antigens and facilitating their precise delivery to target cells. This review highlights the latest developments in SVP technologies for cancer therapy, exploring both their opportunities and challenges in advancing these transformative approaches. © 2025 The Author(s). Cancer Communications published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. on behalf of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.
Journal of Applied Psychological Research (22518126)16(1)pp. 15-26
The objective of the current investigation was to investigate the perceptions of wisdom held by Iranian gifted school instructors. In order to accomplish this objective, a descriptive phenomenological methodology was implemented. The statistical population of the research consisted of teachers from gifted schools in Isfahan in 2022. Purposive sampling was implemented to identify participants, and data acquisition was maintained until saturation was achieved. The study involved 21 teachers, with interviews lasting between 30 and 45 minutes. Eight of the instructors were male and thirteen were female. Interviews were conducted in-depth to facilitate a two-way dialogical exchange and obtain a comprehensive understanding of the teachers’ perspectives. The data derived from the interviews were analyzed using Clark and Brown's six-step model. Additionally, Lincoln and Guba’s four criteria were implemented to guarantee the credibility and validity of the investigation. The results indicated that the conceptualization of wisdom by gifted school teachers is characterized by three primary themes: cognitive and rational skills, communication and interpersonal skills, and compassion and concern for others. The results of this study suggest that teachers’ perceptions reflect certain aspects of wisdom, while others, as emphasized in the literature, are underemphasized. © The Author(s).
Journal of Education and Health Promotion (22779531)13(1)
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis is a central neurogenic demyelinating disease. This is one of the most common neurological diseases in humans and is the most debilitating at a young age. Symptoms of multiple sclerosis include vision problems, balance problems, dizziness, sensory disturbances, chronic neuropathy, and fatigue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, and one-month follow-up design was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on distress tolerance and feelings of entrapment in 30 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients were conveniently sampled in 2021 and randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group, with 15 patients in each. The experimental group underwent eight sessions of 90-min positive psychotherapy over consecutive weeks, while the control received no therapy. Both groups completed the Simons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (DTS) and feeling entrapment questionnaire before and after the intervention period as pre- and posttests. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the collected data using SPSS 22 software to compare changes between the groups over time and assess the impact of the psychotherapy. RESULTS: Repeated measures ANOVA results showed that positive psychotherapy had a significant effect in increasing distress tolerance (Sig = 0/001 and F = 545/434) and reducing feelings of entrapment (Sig = 0/001 and F = 275/05). CONCLUSION: Positive psychotherapy increases distress tolerance and reduces the feelings of entrapment in MS patients. It is therefore suggested that interventions based on positive psychological points should be done in different centers. The context should be repeated and include larger and more ethnically and socioeconomically diverse examples. © 2024 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.
Journal of Research in Childhood Education (02568543)38(3)pp. 373-386
Hybrid homeschooling is still in its initial phase in the Iranian education system and is still a mystery to many educators and parents. This study aimed to explore the reasons for choosing the homeschooling approach for gifted students using a grounded theory method. The sample of this qualitative study included 15 parents of gifted children and 10 specialists in giftedness recruited through purposive sampling. Factors influencing the homeschooling approach were collected through semi-structured interviews with professionals and parents and analyzed by the coding method based on grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1997). The data analysis revealed 143 open codes, 12 axial codes, and three selective codes, including educational challenges of gifted students in school and public education and the demands and expectations of parents and students. The results demonstrated that the Iranian educational system does not meet the needs and expectations of gifted students and their parents; therefore, educators and parents are recommended to use hybrid homeschooling for this group of students. While the participants in this study do not strictly follow a hybrid schooling model, the findings suggest that adopting elements of hybrid schooling could be advantageous for gifted students. © 2023 Childhood Education International.
Gifted and Talented International (15332276)39(2)pp. 89-100
In this study, Iranian teachers were selected and interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The purpose of conducting interviews was to discover the perceptions of gifted school teachers about strategies for improving wisdom among Iranian students. The participants believed that teachers themselves should be wisdom role models, wisdom role models should be introduced to students, authentic Iranian stories should be narrated, events should be shown to students from different perspectives, and students should be asked to research social problems and identify wise/unwise people. More research is needed in this field to assess the views of teachers in different environments and societies and then develop an educational approach to improving wisdom. © 2024 World Council for Gifted and Talented Children.
Mohamadi-farsani, M.,
Shahedi, B.,
Tabaeian, S.M.,
Abedi, A.,
Iravani, P. Journal of Health System Research (27834093)19(4)pp. 307-315
Background: The sense of place is one of the criteria for evaluating qualified environments in architecture. It is a positive experience of place, formed based on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral interaction between people and place. Children's hospital evokes negative feelings such as fear, stress, and distress in the child; reaching a sense of place to generate a positive emotional relationship between a child and the environment can not only neutralize these negative effects, but can speed up the healing process as well. The objective of this study was to find the factors affecting the formation of the sense of place in children's hospitalization space. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by thematic analysis method with Braun & Clarke approach. The statistical population of the study was children between 7 to12 years old, hospitalized in Imam Hossein Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. The sample size was carefully selected according to the purpose of the study to achieve theoretical saturation. In order to grasp their idea of a qualified hospital room, 20 semi-structured interviews with targeted children's parents were conducted by thematic analysis method and then analyzed by ATLAS.ti software. Findings: According to the parents’ perceptions and ideas, the quality of hospital room could be influenced by five main themes including items and features located in room, providing safety and physical health, positive distractions, a sense of security and mental peace, and providing environmental comfort and 22 subthemes. According to the parents, a high-quality hospital room is a place that can take the child's attention away from the painful environment of the hospital and provide the ground for imagination and creating positive feelings in him, a place whose physical components provide both the child's physical health and environmental comfort, and also the basis for the child's sense of peace and psychological security. Conclusion: According to the outcomes of the research, the themes obtained from the opinions of parents provide the three physical, emotional, and behavioral dimensions, effective in the sense of place formation model. By using these themes in the design of the inpatient space, the physical environment will be able to influence the child's behavior and perception by providing the physical and mental needs of the child leading to the establishment of the child's emotional relationship with the place, and ultimately the formation of a sense of place. © 2024, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
Current Psychology (19364733)43(39)pp. 30989-30998
Therapists are crucial in addressing the multifaceted challenges of fostering psychological well-being. The demanding nature of their profession emphasizes the need for ongoing professional development and support. Within the field of mental health interventions, there is increasing interest in investigating transformative approaches to chronic mood disorders. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and treatment based on allegorical schema modes in mitigating chronic mood disorders and difficulties in emotion regulation among therapists. Using a quasi-experimental design, psychotherapists from Tehran’s 3rd district participated in pre-test and post-test assessments between December 2021 and December 2022. Fifteen therapists were included in each group through convenience sampling. Experimental Group 1 received 10 to 12 weekly face-to-face sessions based on allegorical schema modes, while Experimental Group 2 underwent cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions. Data collection included the Bromez Mood Questionnaire and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Analysis employed ANCOVA to compare outcomes between groups. The analysis revealed significant differences between research groups in chronic mood disorders and difficulty in emotion regulation, with F-values of 9.227 (p < 0.001) and 12.607 (p < 0.001), respectively. Post hoc tests showed significant differences in chronic mood disorders between the cognitive-behavioral group and both the allegorical schema modes group (MD = 4.583, p = 0.012) and the control group (MD = 7.333, p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found between the allegorical schema modes group and the control group. Integrating cognitive-behavioral therapy and allegorical schema modes into therapists’ ongoing support systems can aid in fostering adaptive coping strategies and promoting overall psychological health in the face of the demanding challenges inherent in the therapeutic profession. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Advances in Autism (20563876)9(4)pp. 309-321
Purpose: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive and characteristic patterns of behavior and difficulties with social communication and interaction. Puberty is an important period for teenagers with ASD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational program on increasing social skills (SS) and sexual knowledge (SK) in adolescent boys with high-functioning autism (HFA) disorder. Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted using a single-subject design. Participants were three boys diagnosed with HFA disorder, selected using purposive sampling. The social skills improvement system scale and the sexual knowledge questionnaire were used to measure SS and SK. The training program consisted of 49 sessions. Findings: Results showed that, given the comparison of scores before and after the intervention, the training program was effective in improving SS and SK. Originality/value: With regard to the importance of puberty, training programs for parents and adolescents play an effective role in increasing SS and SK of adolescents with HFA disorder. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Abbasi jondani, J.,
Yazdkhasti, F.,
Abedi, A. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (18737943)81
Background and objectives: Rachman (2002) proposed a reciprocal detrimental relationship between repeated checking and memory confidence. Many experimental studies have indicated that repeated checking causes memory confidence deterioration while having no or little impact on memory accuracy. Thus, our main objective was to carry out a comprehensive meta-analysis to synthesize the existing research. Investigating the potential heterogeneity across studies using several moderator variables was also of interest. Methods: The comprehensive search of several databases yielded 29 studies comprising 67 substudies (N = 2180). Considering the substantial heterogeneity across these (sub)studies, data were analyzed using a random-effects meta-analytic approach. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were also carried out to explain some of the heterogeneity across studies. Results: The pooled effect size (Hedges’ g) was equal to 0.870 (95% CI = 0.712–1.027, p < 0.001) for memory confidence and 0.213 (95% CI = 0.118–0.307, p < 0.001) for memory accuracy. However, we found evidence of publication bias in the literature. For both outcome variables, the effect was larger in studies inducing high responsibility or using real stimuli. A greater number of repeated checks was only associated with memory confidence decline. Limitations: Results obtained from the analogue samples may have lower generalizability to people with OCD. Conclusions: Repeated checking considerably deteriorates memory confidence while having a minor effect on memory accuracy. It is not clear whether memory accuracy contributes to memory confidence deterioration, particularly because memory accuracy declines were moderate in studies inducing high responsibility or using real objects. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Clinical Gerontologist (15452301)46(3)pp. 446-456
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) on resilience in old people with “empty nest syndrome.” Methods: Three older adults with empty nest syndrome underwent CBT for 8 weeks in a single-case experimental design. Changes in resilience were tracked through measurements at baseline, intervention, and follow-up. Visual analysis as well as an effect size index of Percentage of Nonoverlapping Data (PND) were then analyzed. Results: CBT resulted in a significant increase in psychological resilience for all three participants across the intervention phase. Follow-up data showed that all subjects were able to maintain their resiliency four weeks after the intervention. Conclusions: This single-case experimental study supports the hypothesis that CBT improves resiliency in old people with empty nest syndrome. Clinical Implications: Cognitive Behavior Therapy is effective in increasing resiliency in old people with empty nest syndrome. The culture dynamics is an important component in the emergence and persistence of empty nest syndrome. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)11(1)pp. 41-47
Introduction: Marital relationship enrichment program is designed for couples who have relatively good relationship and desire to improve it. The enrichment program seeks to improve couples’ relationships and determine the factors and conditions upon which marital satisfaction and compatibility can be realized after marriage. The objective of this study was to analyze the components of marital relationship enrichment program using a qualitative method. Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative method based on deductive content analysis. At first, 46 related sources (13 books, 30 papers, and 3 theses) were used to identify and extract the components related to enriching couples’ relationships. Purposive sampling was used and data collection continued until the data saturation point. Then, the relevant components were extracted and the obtained data were recorded and classified into codes, subthemes, and main themes based on the shared content. Results: The data extracted in this study were classified into 52 codes, 21 subthemes, and 5 main themes. The main themes of enriching couples’ relationships included developing awareness and cognition, communication skills, emotional literacy, commitment to improve the relationship, and conflict resolution skills. Conclusion: Taking into account the results of this study concerning the components of enriching marital relationship can provide the necessary context for success in marriage. © 2022, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (22287515)27(4)pp. 440-457
Objectives This study aims to compare the effectiveness of integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and transdiagnostic treatment in improving symptoms of patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) comorbid with depression. Methods This is a single-case quasi-experimental study. The study population consists of all people with GAD comorbid with depression referred to counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran in 2019, from whom 10 were selected using a purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups of CBT and transdiagnostic treatment. Subjects in both groups were assessed at baseline, 3rd, 4th, 8th, 10th sessions, and during a one-month follow-up period using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. To analyze the data, visual analysis, Reliable Change Index (RCI), improvement percentage, and statistical and clinical significance were used. Results Visual analysis, percentage of improvement, and RCI value showed that both treatments caused clinically and statistically significant changes in therapeutic outcomes and their therapeutic effects continued during follow-up period. However, the percentage of improvement in CBT group was higher than in the transdiagnostic treatment group. Conclusion CBT is superior to transdiagnostic treatment in terms of effect size and stability, but both are the same in terms of acceptance. © 2022, Iran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Ghiasi, N.,
Sedrpoushan, N.,
Abedi, A.,
Soltani, A. International Journal Of School Health (23455152)9(3)pp. 192-203
Background: Specific learning disabilities are known as the neurodevelopmental problems affecting the brain’s ability to receive and process verbal and nonverbal information effectively, leading to some persistent problems in students’ academic skills. The present study aimed to study the counseling needs of students with dyslexia and investigate the effect of counseling on psychological well-being of these students. Methods: This is a mixed method study conducted quantitatively and qualitatively. The statistical population comprised all the dyslexic students aged 8 to 12 years old in Kerman, Iran who had referred to learning disorders centers in the academic year of 2019-2020. The research sample included 40 students with dyslexia selected using a purposive sampling method. We randomly assigned them to experimental and control groups. The children in the experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of education based on consulting needs. For data collection, students’ reading impairment test and students’ psychological well-being test were utilized. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The qualitative findings resulted in an educational package consisting of a three-stage assessment of educational needs of students with learning disabilities, namely the identification of counseling needs in the phases of identification, coordination, action and control. Additionally, ANCOVA indicated that among the components of dyslexia, word reading test (0.40±0.50 vs. 0.80±0.41; P=0.001), rhyme test (0.20±0.41 vs. 0.75±0.44; P=0.001), word comprehension test (0.10±0.30 vs. 0.55±0.51; P=0.021), and voice removal test (0.05±0.22 vs. 0.65±0.48; P=0.001 (had significant changes. Conclusions: Based on the quantitative and qualitative results of the research, it can be inferred that identifying counseling needs, preparing counseling packages, and providing rehabilitation interventions based on those needs can be effective in reducing students’ dyslexia-related problems. © 2022, International Journal of School Health.
International Journal of Play Therapy (15556824)31(2)pp. 107-118
Theraplay is a useful and effective form of play therapy to improve social–emotional assets and resilience in children with hearing loss. Hence, this study examined the effect of Group Theraplay (GT) on the social–emotional assets and resilience in these children. The participants were selected from a rehabilitation center for mothers and children with hearing loss in Isfahan, Iran. The participants were 27 children with hearing loss who were selected by the convenient sampling method. They were randomly assigned into the intervention (n = 12) and control (n = 15) groups. The intervention group received 10 GT sessions, once a week for two and a half months, while the waitlist control group did not receive this intervention. Mothers of children completed the Social–Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale for Preschool two times, at pre- and post-tests. Results revealed that GT significantly influenced social competence, self-regulation, responsibility, and empathy in children with hearing loss. Therefore, participants who received GT showed a significant increase in those social–emotional assets and resilience. The findings highlight the importance of GT training for social–emotional assets and resilience in children with hearing loss. Limitations, suggestions, and implications for future research are discussed. © 2021 Association for Play Therapy
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)11(1)pp. 10-18
Introduction: A deeper understanding of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) provides many clues to what causes anxiety disorders and what treatment is needed. The present study aimed to investigate the life experiences of patients with GAD comorbid with emotional disorders. Methods: The present research was a qualitative one carried out based on the phenomenological approach. The participants in the study were 10 patients with GAD comorbid with emotional disorders who were selected using purposive sampling method based on data saturation. A semi-structured face-to-face interview was used to collect data. The texts of the interviews were analyzed by the phenomenological approach using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: The results of analysis of data derived from the interviews revealed four main themes and 13 subthemes including components of illness (worry, cognitive component, behavioral component, emotional component, physiological component), influential factors (sociocultural factors, psychological vulnerability, developmental history), consequences of illness (quality-of-life impairment, interpersonal problems), and treatment (self-care, expectations of treatment, limitations and barriers to treatment .(Conclusion: The themes identified in this study by phenomenological method based on lived experiences of patients provided new information about the etiology, consequences, and treatment of this disorder. © 2022, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (22287515)27(3)pp. 388-405
Objectives The present study aims to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Behavior Assessment System for Children, 3rd edition (BASC-3) in children with mild intellectual disabilities and normal children. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 on 438 girls and boys with mild intellectual disabilities and normal children aged 12-18 years who were selected using a cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was the Persian BASC-3 and its Parent Rating Scale (PRS-A) and Teacher Rating Scale (TRS-A). Data analysis was performed in SPSS v. 24 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results According to the results obtained from factor analysis, assessing correlation of subscale scores with total score, test-retest reliability, and Cronbach’s alpha showed that the Persian BASC-3 and its PRS-A and TRS-A forms had acceptable validity and reliability. Conclusion The Persian BASC-3 and its parent and teachers forms have good psychometric properties and can be used to evaluate the behavioral and adaptive problems of normal adolescents and children and those with mild intellectual disabilities in Iran. © 2021, Iran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)10(1)pp. 23-28
Introduction: The presence of a child with a specific learning disability in the family who needs care and has special educational problems is a source of stress for mothers, affecting their mental health and adjustment. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of mothers of children with specific learning disability (SLD). Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. The participants were 14 mothers of children with specific learning disability (SLD) whose data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The participants were selected using purposive sampling and the collected data were analyzed via Colaizzi’s method of data analysis. Results: Analysis of the data revealed 4 main themes including “impact on family”, “the mother’s life”, “the student’s problems”, “concerns”, and “needs”, and 14 subthemes. Conclusion: The present study showed that specific learning disability has diverse effects on the child, mother, and family, and recognizing these effects can pave the way for taking supportive and therapeutic measures. © 2021 The Author(s).
Pajouhan Scientific Journal (24236276)19(5)pp. 27-35
Aims Positive parent-child interactions promote children’s social, cognitive, and emotional skills development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting parent-child interactions. Participants & Method The present study was conducted with a qualitative method and inductive approach. Participants were parents (15 people) and specialists (3 people) in Isfahan who were selected by purposive sampling method according to the inclusion criteria. Individuals’ experiences were assessed using a semi-structured interview tool. Data were saturated with 18 interviews and coded and analyzed by Atridesterling (2001) thematic analysis method. Findings In the first stage of coding, 79 basic themes were extracted from the interviews. In the second stage, based on the maximum consistency of the obtained concepts were abstracted 15 organizing themes. In the third stage, 4 themes including positive parenting; authoritative parenting; resilience; environmental diversity were identified as comprehensive themes related to the effective factors in positive parent-child interactions. Data validation was performed by the participants’ feedback and independent coders methods. Also, in order to validate the topics, a group of experts (3experts) was used and the criteria for determining the accuracy and robustness of the data were reviewed and approved. Conclusions The results show that parents’ awareness of parenting practices, how to use positive coping strategies, and enrich children by increasing environmental attractiveness, are important and effective factors in improving parent-child interactions. Therefore, it is suggested that these factors be considered in the development of special education programs for parents and children. © 2021, the Authors.
Mazaheri, M.,
Abedi, A.,
Aghaei, A.,
Abedi, P. Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)10(4)pp. 261-270
Introduction: In the past two decades, there has been a growing line of research on the possible effects of psychological interventions on patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to evaluate the qualitative validity of a lifestyle-based intervention in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) by examining their experiences. Methods: This study employed a concurrent embedded mixed methods design. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted in the form of a clinical trial that applied a lifestyle-based intervention to patients with ulcerative colitis. The patients' experiences were assessed twice through the focus group interviews. The data from both interviews (posttest and follow-up phases) were analyzed using thematic network analysis. Results: Based on the results of this study, 3 global themes, 10 organizing themes, and 21 basic themes were identified and summarized in three thematic networks of benefits, barriers, and disadvantages. Benefits included satisfaction with attending the meetings, knowledge acquisition, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes, and partial physical improvement; barriers included physical symptoms, need for retraining, giving importance to the topic, and restrictions in physical activities; and the disadvantages included the negative impact of the group and the negative impact of the training program. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the qualitative validity of a lifestyle-based intervention in a group of patients with ulcerative colitis by demonstrating the educational and therapeutic effects of the intervention and its acceptability. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.
Fooladvand, M.,
Nadi, M.,
Abedi, A.,
Sajjadian, I. Journal of Education and Health Promotion (22779531)10(1)
Behavioral and emotional problems are the most common form of child psychiatric pathology. Parenting styles are one of the factors affecting the formation of children's personality and the use of inefficient styles can lead to several negative consequences such as behavioral problems. The aim of the present article is to describe a variety of parenting styles and their relationship with children behavioral problems. The present study reviews a variety of parenting styles including Kazdin's Parent Management Education Model, Barclay's Parent Training Program, Adler and Dreikurs Approach, and Positive Parenting Program. Finally, based on reality theory, parenting is neglected to be one of those styles. Therefore, it is imperative to do a research based on reality theory with existential psychotherapy and with the view that everyone chooses to behave, external pressure is always an imposition, the children learn from their mistakes, and everyone is responsible for his own happiness. © 2021 Journal of Education and Health Promotion | Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
International Journal of Body, Mind and Culture (23455802)7(2)pp. 62-72
Background: The present study was aimed at comparing a positive emotion training program based on Fredrickson's broaden-and-build model of positive emotions with the psychodrama program in terms of emotion regulation in students with dyslexia. Methods: This experimental study was conducted with 3 groups (2 experimental groups and 1 control group), pretest-posttest design, and a follow-up. The statistical population included all fifth-grade female, middle-class, 10-11-year-old primary-school students with specific learning disabilities who were studying in public schools of the 5 educational regions of Isfahan, Iran. Multistage random sampling was used for the selection of the participants. The reading and dyslexia test was administered to identify learning disabilities in the students, and as a result, 38 students with a reading disorder were selected and randomly assigned to experimental group 1 (Fredrickson's positive emotion training program), experimental group 2 (psychodrama program), and control group. Students completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. Prior to the treatment, the students completed the CERQ. The follow-up phase of the study was conducted 3 months after the end of the treatment. The interventions consisted of 10 sessions (45 minutes each) devoted to positive emotion training and 10 sessions (45 minutes each) devoted to psychodrama program training. The data were analyzed using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures ANOVA) in SPSS software. Results: The findings indicated that a positive emotion training program exerted a significant effect on emotion regulation, while the effect of the psychodrama training program was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It can be concluded that positive emotion training has a more significant effect than the psychodrama training program. © 2020, Vesnu Publications. All rights reserved.
Fooladvand, M.,
Nadi, M.,
Abedi, A.,
Sajjadian, I. Journal of Health System Research (27834093)16(3)pp. 158-166
Background: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Kazdin Method for Parenting training on reduction of aggression, low-breaking, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in students. Methods: The study employed a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up quasi-experimental design with the control group. The population consisted of all boy first-to-third grade elementary students with ODD in educational district 3 of Isfahan City, Iran. They were selected via the stratified random sampling method, so that with the selection of 10 schools by Education Administration of District 3 of Isfahan in the academic year of 2017-2018, 230 boy first-to-third grade elementary students with ODD were listed. From among them, 30 students were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups based on a score higher than the cut-off point on the subscales of law-breaking and aggression according to the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and a clinical interview conducted by school counselor. In this study, the Kazdin parenting educational intervention program was administered to the experimental group twice a week for twelve 1.5-hour sessions. The data were analyzed via the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings: The Kazdin Method for Parenting had a significant effect on reduction in ODD (F = 20.57, P = 0.001) and also on the reduction in subscales of law-breaking (F = 29.81, P = 0.001) and aggression (F = 10.33, P = 0.001), and this effect remained constant in the follow-up stage Conclusion:. The Kazdin Method for Parenting reduces the ODD, aggression, and law-breaking, and also reduces the parent-child conflicts and it can be used as an effective interventional method for parents to reduce symptoms of ODD, aggression, and law-breaking. © 2020, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
Journal of Education and Health Promotion (22779531)9(1)
Introduction: Gifted students are superior to their peers in terms of cognitive, educational, scientific, creativity, and artistic abilities. There are also gifted students who struggle with cognitive, educational, social, emotional, and behavioral development, especially academic performance. They are called underachieving students. One of the main problems of these students is the low level of academic engagement in educational settings. Thus, this study investigated the effectiveness of Martin's educational program on academic engagement (behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agency) of underachieving gifted students. Materials and Methods: Thirty underachieving gifted students were selected by purposeful sampling from a high school in Isfahan, Iran, and were divided randomly into the experimental (n = 15) and the control (n = 15) groups. All participants completed the students' academic engagement questionnaire (behavioral engagement, emotional engagement, cognitive engagement, and agency engagement) at pre/post-test. Results: The findings showed that Martin's cognitive-behavioral program had a significant effect on academic engagement and its subscales, including behavioral engagement, emotional engagement, cognitive engagement, and agency engagement. Conclusion: School counselors could benefit Martin's cognitive-behavioral program to promote the academic engagement of underachieving gifted students. © 2020 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.
Shahmohammadi-ghahsareh, A.,
Abedi, A.,
Khayatan, F.,
Aghaei, A. Journal of Health System Research (27834093)16(2)pp. 101-107
Background: One of the essential factors in regulating the excitement of irritable children is mothers’ parenting style which is effective in self-controlling of these children; therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a parental model based on the attachment theory of children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). Methods: This study was conducted using directed content analysis method with deductive classification system; and purposeful sampling continued with data saturation approach. Attachment texts were analyzed for parental characteristics. First, the concepts associated with parenting were identified and then the extracted concepts were classified based on the main components of attachment theory. Finally, the validity and reliability of parental patterns were investigated and confirmed. Findings: In this template, a matrix was drawn and then classification was carried out in two levels; level one containing the main attachment components, and level two containing 71 codes based on level one. Thus, the parenting model was considered with six main components of behavioral, affective, cognitive, psychic, kinesthetic-tactile, and physical security. Conclusion: The proposed parenting model, which includes behavioral, emotional, cognitive, psychological, kinetic-tactile, and physical safety components, can be used along with other treatments available for children with mood disorders. © 2020, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
Educational Research for Policy and Practice (15702081)19(3)pp. 261-279
Response to Intervention (RTI) is a preventive approach which is broadly implemented in the West, particularly in the USA for early identification and intervention of students with learning difficulties (LD). However, in the East, especially in the developing countries, neither has this kind of program been used extensively, nor is it even a prerequisite in any educational environment. The challenges of implementing this approach in real-life situations have been investigated in the present article, and the prerequisites, obstacles and outcomes of such a program have been taken into consideration. In this qualitative research, information was gathered by various means including semi-structured one-on-one interviews with six school staff members, three parents, informal conversations with a number of students with LD, and monitoring (with note taking) of the conditions and interactions of these students in the school environment. The findings helped shed light on the causal conditions that underlie the bases of Iran’s present educational system; the current situations with which LD students are faced in schools; the necessary strategies and actions for successful implementation of RTI in the country; the factors that can facilitate the needed strategies and actions; and the consequences of the implementation of those strategies. The implications of the findings in educational policy and practice have also been discussed. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)9(3)pp. 239-250
Introduction: Intimacy is especially important in married life. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the marital intimacy of veteran couples. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. The study population consisted of veteran couples in Shiraz. Sampling was done purposively and continued until the saturation point was reached. The data were collected from 10 semi-structured interviews with veteran couples on intimacy and Colaizzi's method was used to analyze the data. Results: Factors affecting the marital intimacy of veteran couples were extracted in the form of 4 categories and 17 sub-categories. The identified categories included individual factors (personality traits, attachment styles, differentiation, physical and mental health), interpersonal factors (communication patterns, communication skills, matching and similarity, conflict resolution styles, emotional and sexual needs), religious and cultural factors (religious beliefs and attitudes, interaction with in-laws), and demographic factors (education, occupation, economic status, presence of children, duration of marriage, gender). Conclusion: Marital intimacy of veteran couples is influenced by individual, interpersonal, religious and cultural, and demographic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to different factors affecting marital intimacy in the counseling of veteran couples. The present study can be a good guide for therapists to provide appropriate interventions to increase intimacy. © 2020 The Author(s).
Journal Of Educational Research - Uk (19400675)112(3)pp. 421-428
The authors investigated the effect of a mathematical curriculum (CU) developed based on verbal and practical activities on the mathematical competency (MC) and learning behaviors (LB) of preschool children. In a quasi-experimental design, 60 children (5- to 6-year-old girls) were selected using the accessible sampling method. The children were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, and the relevant concepts were taught to the children in both groups. While the control group received the typical kindergarten education based on the usual textbooks and worksheets, the CU was taught to the experimental group. Structural equation modeling was used to model the data and statistical evaluation. The results demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups in MC and LB. The CU significantly improved MC directly, and indirectly through the improvement of LB (i.e., engagement and learning focus, verbal behaviors, and type of activity). © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Nikneshan, S.,
Abedi, A.,
Golparvar, M.,
Famouri, F.,
Nasri, P. Govaresh (15607186)24(1)pp. 31-40
Background: Resilience is a positive and influential construct for human actions and reactions, providing human beings of all ages a constructive and valuable role for adaptation and coping with different conditions. The aim of the present study was to develop a model of resilience training for children with functional abdominal pain syndrome using deductive qualitative content analysis technique. Materials and Methods: The research employed an analytical content analysis technique. The purposive sampling method was used to select 30 written sources about the subject of resilience. Then the contents of books and articles were analyzed to find resilience components. In this study, the resilience components were first extracted, then as the main theme, the main component and sub-components were classified. Finally, the validity and reliability of the above mentioned model were examined. Results: Totally, six main themes and 17 main components were obtained. The main themes included: individual competence and skills, emotional competence, cognitive behavioral competence, family competence and support, ability to attract social support, and social competence. The main components were: individual skills/psychological competencies, positive axial self-assessment, psychological capital, coping with stress, emotional regulation/emotion control, emotional regulation/emotional control, perceptual control/behavioral control, perceptual coping/behavioral coping, parenting competence, secure attachment, cohesion and continuity, participation, support attraction, belongingness, communication with peers, and competence based on social and communication skills. Conclusion: The resilience training model for children with functional abdominal pain syndrome, which developed in this study, can be used in the formulation of resilience training for children with functional abdominal pain syndrome. © 2019 Iranian Association of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. All rights reserved.
Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica (14219972)71(1)pp. 29-41
Purpose: The present study explored the effectiveness of the Lidcombe Program, the parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) approach, and an integrated (Lid-PCIT) program on the treatment of children who stutter. Methods: The present research was a single-subject study with an alternative treatment design. Participants were 6 preschool children who were randomly assigned into three groups. Each group received the entire indirect (PCIT), direct (Lidcombe), or integrated (Lid-PCIT) program and were assessed through severity rating (SR), and percent stuttered syllables (%SS), and video analysis. Results: For all children the SR and the %SS were reduced but the percentage of non-overlapping data of the three interventions showed that it was reduced more in the Lidcombe and in the Lid-PCIT programs. Conclusions: This study provided preliminary evidence that Lidcombe, PCIT, and integrated programs were effective in reducing the SR and the %SS in preschool children who stutter. These results are potentially important as both indirect and direct interventions in the primary years can help children who stutter to overcome their disorder. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Mazaheri, M.,
Aghaei, A.,
Abedi, A.,
Adibi, P. Journal Of Research In Medical Sciences (17357136)24(1)
Journal Of Qualitative Research In Health Sciences (26456109)8(2)pp. 170-182
Introduction: Thoughts control, attention, and concentration are the effective factors in studying and learning. The lack of attention and concentration is the result of the invasion of intrusive thoughts. This research was conducted to explore the factors affecting the unwanted intrusive thoughts in normal people in 2017. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis (thematic analysis). Research or databases include all print media, articles, books, and dissertations related to the subject of the research. Sampling was performed using purposive sampling. All information-rich resources that were related to the subject of the study were included and unrelated sources were excluded. Finally, data were collected by a deep study of 120 papers, 10 books, and 4 dissertations. Results: The findings included 285 coding concepts, 75 subthemes, and 8 main themes. The main themes in terms of the frequency were thought control strategies, metacognitive beliefs, mood characteristics, intrusive thought characteristics, mindfulness, personality traits, context and culture, and working memory capacity, respectively. Conclusion: The most effective factors on intrusive thoughts, in terms of the frequency, were thought control strategies, metacognitive beliefs, mood characteristics, intrusive thought characteristics, mindfulness, personality traits, context and culture, and working memory capacity, respectively. The results of this also provided a model to determine the effect of main factors affecting unwanted intrusive thoughts. © 2019, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research (15736555)47(3)pp. 627-640
The present study aimed to develop the thinking maps training package and compare its training effect with the thinking maps method on the reading performance of second and fifth grade of elementary school male dyslexic students. For this mixed method exploratory study, from among the above mentioned grades’ students in Isfahan, 90 students who met the inclusion criteria were selected by multistage sampling and randomly assigned into six experimental and control groups. The data were collected by reading and dyslexia test and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fourth edition. The results of covariance analysis indicated a significant difference between the reading performance of the experimental (thinking maps training package and thinking maps method groups) and control groups (p<. 01). Moreover, there were significant differences between the thinking maps training package group and thinking maps method group in some of the subtests (p<. 01). It can be concluded that thinking maps training package and the thinking maps method exert a positive influence on the reading performance of dyslexic students; therefore, thinking maps can be used as an effective training and treatment method. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Mazaheri, M.,
Aghaei, A.,
Abedi, A.,
Adibi, P. Govaresh (15607186)23(2)pp. 86-94
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease that because of its unknown and recurring nature can reduce the quality of life of the affected patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention on disease activity and quality of life in patients with UC. Materials and Methods: This was a clinical trial with control group. In this study, 32 patients with UC were selected through voluntary sampling. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of 120 minutes of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. For evaluating the efficacy of the treatment, the Lichtiger Colitis Activity Index (LCAI) and Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis Questionnaire (CUCQ) were used. Results: The analysis of the results showed that difference between the two groups in terms of decreasing the severity of disease activity and increasing the quality of life was not statistically significant (p 0.05), but increased quality of life in the experimental group was significant in terms of the three stages of evaluation (p 0.05). Conclusion: It can be stated that mindfulness-based interventions may be beneficial in improving physical symptoms and quality of life in patients with UC, which requires future studies, taking into account the limitations of this study. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.
Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia (18966764)11(1)pp. 1-5
Aim of the study: Sensory integration is the process by which information from our senses (touch, sight, hearing, taste, smell, as well as balance) is interpreted by the brain so that we can respond appropriately to our environment. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurological condition that is characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior. The aim of the current research was to investigate the effect of sensory integration training on executive functions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Material and methods: In order to conduct this study, 20 students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were randomly selected from the elementary school student population of Isfahan, Iran, using the random cluster sampling method, and they were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (each group consisted of 10 students). The design was experimental, and sensory integration training was performed in the experimental group. The research instruments were Conner's Rating Scale (teacher and parent forms) and Conner's Neuropsychology Test. Data were analyzed by multivariate covariance analysis of variance. Results: The results indicated that sensory integration can improve executive functions of students with ADHD. Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that sensory integration training affects children's executive functions. We suggest that this method can be used in rehabilitation and education of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and it can be recommended to therapists and trainers.
Applied Nursing Research (15328201)30pp. 216-221
Background: One of the latest models proposed with regard to work engagement is the detailed model put forward by Bakker and Demerouti (2007). The present study aims at investigating the effect of job resources and personal resources on turnover intention with the mediator role of work engagement among female nurses at Isfahan Alzahra Hospital. In the current study, job and personal resources were considered as the predictors of job turnover and work engagement was considered as the mediator variable among predictive and criterion variables. Method: The data of the present study were collected from 208 female nurses who were selected by systematic random sampling. As for the analysis of the collected data, structural equations model, normal distribution method, and Bootstrap method in Macro, Preacher and Hayes, (2004) program were deployed. Finding: The findings showed that the personal resources affect the turnover intention both directly and indirectly (through work engagement); however, job resources are just associated with turnover intention with the mediating role of work engagement. Conclusion: The results of the study have important implications for organizations' managers about improving work engagement. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.
Mahmoudi, M.,
Abedi, A.,
Shafie, E.,
Yarmohamadyan, A.,
Karamimanesh, V.,
Fatemi, A. Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595)31(265)
Background: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have difficulty in motor activity. Motor impairment is the main feature of this disorder. In addition to the movement problems, these children interfere with other areas of difficulty. The aim of this study was to compare the neuropsychological characteristics such as executive function and attention and sensory-motor functions, language, memory and learning in preschool children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Methods: In this causal-comparative study, the preschool children at the age of 6 years in Isfahan city, Iran, were enrolled. 50 children with developmental coordination disorder and 50 children without it were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using Conner neuropsychological questionnaire and analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Findings: There were significant differences between neuropsychological characteristics (executive function and attention and sensory-motor functions, language, memory and learning) in children with and without developmental coordination disorder (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusion: This study showed that children with developmental coordination disorder in comparison with normal children are at a lower level of neuropsychological characteristics and suffer from movement problems.
Shariat a., A.,
Shariat, A.,
Abedi, A.,
Bahri mohd tamrin, S. Russian Open Medical Journal (23043415)3(1)
After so many years devoted to practicing medicine as children physiotherapists, the therapists finally found the importance of balance training exercises in children who suffer from cerebral palsy. It is only through controlling balance that we can achieve improvement in body movement and position that will culminate into performance independence in a child. Formerly, working over controlling balance in cerebral palsy children has been very difficult, because contracture and spasticity did not let us to have an effective balance training exercise. In this respect, we have summarized the results of previous authors that specify the level of effectiveness of exercise therapy. The results of different studies showed that level of effectiveness of exercise therapy on alleviating the symptoms of spastic cerebral palsy is average in accordance with Cohen's effect size Interpretation table. ©2014, LLC Science and Innovations, Saratov, Russia.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595)32(279)pp. 388-407
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight months of resistive training on growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor1 (IGF1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein3 (IGFBP3) plasma levels in patients with severe burns. Methods: The research method used in this study was of the individual-case type with multiple base lines for the participants. The examinees of this study included two women with severe burns (third degree) in the age range of 20 to 30 years confined in the Central Accidents and Burns Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. After determining the base-line position, the participants were entered into the project in a ladder step-by-step format. During the 8 months of individual intervention, they did the resistive training and one month after the finishing of the intervention period, they were put under follow-up examinations for 2 months. The measuring tool for this study was the blood tests taken for measuring GH, IGF1, and IGFBP3 plasma levels, which were taken at the fasting morning time and 24 hours after the exercises at the end of each month. Findings: Based on the visual analysis and descriptive statistical indexes, the resistive training in both examinees had caused a significant change in the GH, IGF1 and IGFBP3 plasma levels; as the percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) was 75% for the first and 87.5% for the second examinee in GH level, and 100% for both examinees in IGF1 and IGFBBP3 levels. Conclusion: It seems that long-term resistive training can cause elevation of the plasma level of some growth factors in patients with severe burns or it can prevent the reverse process and intense decline in these factors after the burn takes place. In addition, it would make these patients become free of the need for frequent surgeries and using different equipments.
Advances in Environmental Biology (19950756)8(13)pp. 1482-1487
The very aim of this study was to examine the possible effect of neurofeedback training on treatment of insomnia. The present study can be considered as an experimental and applied type of research, following a pre-test and post-test design of study. Two groups, namely interventional and control were involved in this study. To do the comparison between the mentioned groups, 20 volunteer-patients were chosen and were randomly assigned to the interventional and control groups. PSQI questionnaire was administered to examine the patients’ sleep quality. The obtained data was analyzed using the SPSS18. The results of the covariance revealed that neurofeedback training has significantly improved the patients’ sleep quality. The Mankova analysis demonstrated that 91.8% of the patients’ differences in the subscales of sleep quality were due to the membership of the groups. Neurofeedback training can be regarded as a safe alternative to other kinds of treatments for insomnia. Efforts for changing the brain waves will be followed with some changes in the brain. After treatment, each of the changes made in electrical activity of brain causes recognition in the whole bioelectrical system and makes a comprehensive natural normal reaction and reflection in the brain, which leads to the improvement of sleep quality. © 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School (10277595)32(295)pp. 1156-1165
Background: Chronic pain is one of the most current multi-dimensional problems which its management requires medical and psychological interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of group-based acceptance and commitment therapy on pain-related anxiety, acceptance of pain and pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. Methods: In a randomized clinical trial study, 30 patients met entry criteria were selected from medical centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, using purposive sampling. They were divided randomly into two groups. Research instruments were Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), Short Form of Pain-Related Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20), Pain Intensity Scale (PIS) and a demographic questionnaire. Experimental group were treated with acceptance and commitment therapy during the 8 sessions of 1.5 hours. Follow-up period was two months after the last treatment session. Findings: Acceptance and commitment therapy showed a reduction in pain related anxiety and pain intensity and increase in acceptance of the pain (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Findings indicates the effectiveness of this new behavioral therapy which is probably more appropriate for Iranian patients because of integrating behavioral therapy methods with eastern treatment techniques. © 2014, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders (17509467)7(9)pp. 1054-1061
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of long term Kata techniques training on social interaction of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We assigned 30 school aged children with ASD to an exercise (n = 15) or a no-exercise group (n = 15). We required participants of the exercise group to exercise Kata techniques for 14 weeks, while participants of the control group received no exercise. We evaluated the social interaction of the participants at baseline, post-intervention (week 14), and at one month follow up. Results revealed that Kata techniques training significantly improved social dysfunction in the exercise group. Interestingly, at one month follow up improvement in social deficiency in the exercise group remained unchanged compared to post-intervention time. The social deficiency of participants of the control group was not changed across the experimental period. We concluded that teaching martial arts techniques to children with ASD leads to significant improvement in their social interaction. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Behrouz b., ,
Amini k., ,
Shakhniya, F.,
Abedi, A.,
Ghasemi n., Iranian Journal of Epidemiology (17357489)9(1)pp. 58-65
Background & Objectives: Peavalu on sage sümptom, mis võib olla tõsine problem iga inimese igas vanuserühmas. Several studies have shown that the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) varied between different geographical regions. Since there is little known about this in the country the current research has been conducted with the aim of estimating the prevalence of these types of migraines, reporting and comparing their clinical characteristics in this region of Iran. Methods: This study conducted on 1150 admitted patients by first diagnosis of headache in Farabi hospital in Kermanshah during a period of one year from 2010 till 2011. Case definition was based on International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) criteria. Among these, 350 patients were diagnosedd as headache patients and completed the International Headache Schedule form. Data were analyzed by the use of descriptive frequency and percentage SPSS 16 software. Results: The results indicate that women were stricken more than men by headache (P<0.0001). Migraine was more prevalent in the age groups of 30-41 that included 54 individual (15.4%). the tension headache was more common among the age group of 42-53 that constitute 58 people (%23.3) of the participants. A significant correlation was also reported between the position and type of the headache (P<0.0001). Findings of this research showed that 20.4% of people with migraine and nearly 9 percent (9%) of persons with tension headaches have lost their job because of their headaches. There is meaningful relation between tension headaches and experience into their second job struggling (P<0.026). Conclusion: It is concluded that migraine and tension headaches seem two separate diseases and none of them has any effect on the other. Headache requires more attention and it should be, diagnosed and managed appropriately.
International Journal of Developmental Disabilities (20473877)59(1)pp. 35-46
Working memory is defined as a cognitive system which is responsible for temporary storage and information processing. In the development of working memory, normal children by age 4 demonstrate function of diverse working memory components and by age 16, all levels of working memory performance are established. Deficiency in working memory impacts learning. This memory is important in learning disabilities such as reading disability, mathematics disability, and written expression disability as well. With regard to children's difficulties with learning disabilities in working memory, research suggest some remedial strategies for improvement of working memory. This strategies include rehearsal, chunking, and meta-cognitive strategies. © The British Society of Developmental Disabilities 2013.
Research in Developmental Disabilities (18733379)33(4)pp. 1183-1193
The effects of 14 weeks of Kata techniques training on stereotypic behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were investigated. The study included 30 eligible (diagnosed ASD, school age) children with ages ranging from 5 to 16 years whom they assigned to an exercise (. n=. 15) or a no-exercise control group (. n=. 15). Participants of the exercise group received Kata techniques instruction four times per week for 14 weeks (56 sessions). Stereotypy was assessed at baseline (pre-intervention), week 14 (post-intervention), and at one month follow up in both groups. Results showed that Kata techniques training significantly reduced stereotypy in the exercise group. Following participation in Kata techniques training, stereotypy decreased from baseline levels by a . M of 42.54% across participants. Interestingly, after 30 days of no practice, stereotypy in the exercise group remained significantly decreased compared to pre-intervention time. The participants of the control group did not show significant changes in the stereotypy. Teaching martial arts techniques to children with ASD for a long period of time consistently decreased their stereotypic behaviors. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences (18770428)15pp. 2694-2698
The main purpose of the present study is to determine the relation between students' attitudes subscales with internet usage of Iranian universities. The sample included 404 students from Isfahan and medical universities during the educational year of 2009-2010. The results indicated that there was positive and significant relation between students' attitudes subscales with four domains of internet usage such as: using email, downloading files, chartrooms and searching purposes. Students who had higher level of self efficacy used internet in different domains and their perceived enjoyment were higher than students with low self efficacy. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
